Zomi Revolutionary Army

Zomi Revolutionary Army
ဇိုမီး လွတ်လပ်ရေး တပ်မတော်
Participant in the Internal conflict in Myanmar and the Insurgency in Northeast India

Flag of the Zomi people, adopted by the ZRA
Active 1997 (1997)–present
Ideology Zomi nationalism
Separatism
Paite interests
Groups Zomi Revolutionary Organisation
Leaders Thanglianpau Guite
Calvin Hatlang
Jimmy Suanpu
Headquarters Churachandpur, Manipur, India
Area of operations

Zogam (Zoland)

Allies Kanglei Yawol Kanna Lup
National Socialist Council of Nagaland
Kuki Liberation Organisation (memorandum of understanding)
Opponents

 Bangladesh

 India

 Myanmar

al-Qaeda in the Indian Subcontinent
Battles and wars Internal conflict in Myanmar
Insurgency in Northeast India

The Zomi Revolutionary Army (Burmese: ဇိုမီး လွတ်လပ်ရေး တပ်မတော်; abbreviated ZRA), is an armed Zomi nationalist insurgent group formed in 1997, following an increase in ethnic tensions between the Kukis and the Paites in the Churachandpur district of Manipur, India. Its parent organisation, the Zomi Revolutionary Organisation, was founded on April 1993.[1]

The ZRA's proclaimed objective is to "protect the interests of the Zo ethnic groups" and to "unite the Zomi peoples under one state, Zogam", which overlaps the official state boundaries of India (Manipur and Mizoram), Myanmar (Chin State) and Bangladesh (Chittagong Hill Tracts).[1]

Leadership

The ZRA has three main leadership positions, President, General Secretary, and Information and Publicity Secretary. Most of its leadership are from the ZOSUAN community.[1][2] Its current leaders are:

Areas of operation

The ZRA mainly conducts operations in the Paite, Simte, Vaiphei, Zou, Mizo, Chin, Gangte, Thadou and other tribes under Zo umbrella majority areas of the Churachandpur district in Manipur and other districts in Manipur, particularly the Singngat subdivision near Myanmar (Burma). Their main operation areas includes bordering regions of Manipur and Mizoram, and also in Chin State, Myanmar (Burma).[1]

Funding

The ZRA allegedly funds itself through the collection of "protection fees" from locals who live in their areas of operations. In exchange for this fee, the ZRA claims they protect locals from being shot, kidnapped, or robbed by rival groups.[1] In June 2004, according to local media reports, the ZRA accused the Mizo National Front (MNF) administration in Mizoram of only partially paying ZRA cadres for campaigning on behalf of MNF candidates in Champhai. A prominent opposition leader in Mizoram, Lal Thanhawla, claimed that on 12 June 2004, the MNF owed the ZRA payment for "services rendered", and that, because the MNF had failed to pay, the ZRA had begun collecting fees from residents of Mizoram.[1][2]

Alliances with other groups

The ZRA's maintains close alliances with the Kanglei Yawol Kanna Lup (KYKL) and the National Socialist Council of Nagaland-Isak Muivah (NSCN-IM). The group also has a memorandum of understanding with the Kuki Liberation Organization (KLO) that promises "full cooperation in all spheres, with the objective of strengthening the blood ties among the Kuki-Chin-Mizo-Zomi peoples".[1] The ZRA was once in conflict with the Hmar People's Convention-Democracy (HPC-D), but the two groups reached an agreement to "work closely in the spirit of mutual understanding and cooperation for the welfare of the people and for achieving their shared objectives".[2]

Peace negotiations

On 9 August 2005, the ZRA released a statement, saying that they had reached a ceasefire agreement with the Indian government, which was to last for six months starting from 1 August. The ZRA also said that they had "viewed the steps taken by the Indian government in this regard as a positive approach towards the better understanding of our unique history, and the realisation of the need for a permanent solution to the long standing aspirations of the Zomi people." In spite of this agreement, the Indian security forces allegedly conducted operations against ZRA during the ceasefire.[1]

Notable incidents

On 9 June 2005, ZRA insurgents ambushed a truck in Churachandpur district carrying Zomi Revolutionary Front (ZRF) insurgents, killing three ZRF members and one civilian. This attack was in retaliation for the ZRF's defection from the ZRA.[3]

References

  1. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 "Zomi Revolutionary Organisation / Zomi Revolutionary Army". satp.org. Retrieved 12 October 2014.
  2. 1 2 3 "Fact Sheet for Zomi Revolutionary Organisation - Silobreaker". Silobreaker.com. Retrieved 12 October 2014.
  3. ↑ Archived 29 October 2010 at the Wayback Machine.
  4. ↑ "BBC News - South Asia - ambush kills nine Indian soldiers". News.bbc.co.uk. Retrieved 12 October 2014.
  5. ↑ "CZC flays CCpur Church attack : 29th aug06 ~ E-Pao! Headlines". E-pao.net. Retrieved 12 October 2014.
  6. ↑ "news.outlookindia.com - Two militants killed in Manipur". News.outlookindia.com. Retrieved 12 October 2014.
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