Zakhring language
Zakhring | |
---|---|
Meyor | |
Native to | India |
Region | Arunachal |
Ethnicity | Zekhring people |
Native speakers | 900 (2002–2007) |
Language codes | |
ISO 639-3 |
zkr |
Glottolog |
zakh1243 [1] |
Zahkring (also Eastern Mishmi, Zaiwa, or Meyor) is a small language of Arunachal Pradesh in India.
Zakhring has been classified as a Midzuish language. [2] Blench and Post (2011) thought that Zakhring is an East Bodish language that has been influenced by Midzu (classified as a language isolate in this paper) or other divergent languages of the region.[3] In 2015, Blench suggests that Zakhring may be a language isolate.[4] Blench argues that Zakhring had borrowed heavily from Midzu and Tibetic, and then later borrowed from Naga languages and Jingpho as well.
A closely related language called Zha (Zhahua 扎话) is spoken in China.[5]
Names
Li (2001)[6] reports that the Zakhring have no actual autonym, but are referred to by the neighboring Taraon, Kaman, Idu, and Tibetan peoples by various names.
- tɕa31 khreŋ55 (Taraon exonym)
- tɕa31 khɹɯn55 (Kaman exonym)
- tsa35 tɕoŋ55 (Tibetan exonym)
- mi31 si55 pu53 (Idu exonym; the Idu are located in Upper Zayü Township 上察隅乡)
Kaman exonym for the Tibetan people of Bomi County 波密县 is si31 dut55 pu55. The Taraon refer to the Tibetans as la31 ma35, while the Kaman refer to the Tibetans as de31 loŋ55.
Distribution
In China, Zakhring is spoken in Songgu 松古村, Lading 拉丁村, and Tama 塔玛村 villages in Lower Zayü Township 下察隅乡, Zayü County 察隅县, Tibet.
In India, Meyor communities are found in the following 15 villages of Kibthoo Circle and Walong Circle of Anjaw District, Arunachal Pradesh. The total population of the villages numbered 376 as of May 2001 (Landi 2005:1).
- Kibthoo Circle
- 1.Kahao
- 2. Mosai
- 3. Danbari
- 4. Kundan
- 5. Khroti
- 6. Yaikung
- 7. Bara Kundan 8.Kunjuk
- Walong Circle
- 1.Walong
- 2. Tinai
- 3. Dong
- 4. Tilam
- 5. Sapkung
- 6. Pangung
References
- ↑ Hammarström, Harald; Forkel, Robert; Haspelmath, Martin; Bank, Sebastian, eds. (2016). "Zakhring". Glottolog 2.7. Jena: Max Planck Institute for the Science of Human History.
- ↑ George van Driem (2001) Languages of the Himalayas: An Ethnolinguistic Handbook of the Greater Himalayan Region. Brill.
- ↑ Blench, Roger; Post, Mark (2011), (De)classifying Arunachal languages: Reconstructing the evidence (PDF)
- ↑ Blench, Roger (2013-05-26), The classification of
- ↑ Li Daqin & Jiang Di 李大勤,江荻 2001. 扎语概况 [Brief introduction of Zha speech]. 民族语文 Minority Languages of China 2001(6): 61-75.
- ↑ Li Daqin [李大勤]. 2001. "A sketch of Zha" [扎话概况]. Minzu Yuwen 2001:6.
- Landi, Victor 2005. The Meyors and their language. Itanagar: Directorate of Research, Arunachal Pradesh Government.