Yunlin County

Yunlin County 雲林縣
County
Top:Shiluo Bridge and Choushui River, Second left:Chaotian Temple in Peigang, Second right:Shinqi Memorial Museum, Third left:Caolin in Tongluo, Third right:Erlun Memorial Museum, Bottom:Dounan Railroad Station
Flag Coat of arms
Coordinates: 23°42′18″N 120°28′34″E / 23.70489°N 120.47607°E / 23.70489; 120.47607Coordinates: 23°42′18″N 120°28′34″E / 23.70489°N 120.47607°E / 23.70489; 120.47607
Country	Republic of China (Taiwan)
Region	Western Taiwan
Seat	Douliu City
Largest city	Douliu City
Boroughs	1 cities, 19 (5 urban, 14 rural) townships
Government
• County Magistrate	Lee Chin-yung (DPP)
Area
• Total	1,290.84 km2 (498.40 sq mi)
Area rank	13 of 22
Population (Dec. 2014)
• Total	705,356
• Rank	12 of 22
• Density	550/km2 (1,400/sq mi)
Time zone	National Standard Time (UTC+8)
Website	www.yunlin.gov.tw
Symbols
Bird	Formosan blue magpie (Urocissa caerulea)
Flower	Moth orchid (Phalaenopsis)
Tree	Camphor tree (Cinnamomum camphora)

Yunlin County (Chinese: 雲林縣; pinyin: Yúnlín Xiàn) is a county in western Taiwan. It is located east of the Taiwan Strait, west of Nantou County, and is separated from Changhua County by the Zhuoshui River and from Chiayi County by the Beigang River. Yunlin is part of the Chianan Plain, a flat land known for its agriculture. Agricultural products of Yunlin County include pomelo, tea leaves, suan cai, papaya and muskmelon. Yunlin's rivers give it potential for hydroelectricity. Douliu is the largest and capital city of Yunlin. Yunlin is one of the least developed counties on the West coast, and suffers from emigration.

History

Dutch Formosa

During the Dutch Formosa era, Ponkan (modern-day Beigang) was an important coastal castle.^[1]

Qing Dynasty

Yunlin County was established during the Qing Dynasty. Liu Mingchuan was in charge of Taiwan, which had been divided into three counties since 1683, Yunlin being part of Zhuluo County. Mountains made transportation and communication between bordering counties (Changhua and Chiayi) difficult, so Liu suggested a new county, called Yunlin, for easier management. In 1887, Yunlin became one of the four counties of the new Taiwan Prefecture.^[1]

Empire of Japan

During Japanese rule, Yunlin (as Unrin) County was again abolished due to the resistance from the local people and combined with Tainan Prefecture. However, Toroku Town (斗六街, modern-day Douliu) continued to be an important city of central Taiwan.

Republic of China

The Yunlin area stayed under Tainan County administration after the handover of Taiwan from Japan to the Republic of China on October 25, 1945. On August 16, 1950, Yunlin County was established again by separation from Tainan County, with Douliu Township as the county seat. On December 25, 1981, Douliu Township was upgraded to a county-controlled city and remain as the county seat. Today Yunlin is the only county on Taiwan island without a city with the same name.

Geography

Yunlin County is located in the central-south portion of western Taiwan and is at the northern tip of the Chianan Plain. The county is bordered by Nantou County to the east, the Taiwan Strait to the west, Chiayi County to the south separated by the Beigang River, and Changhua County to the north separated by the Zhuoshui River. Its widest distance from east to west is 50 km and from north to south is 38 km, with a total area of 1,290.83 km². Around 90% of its area are plains; the other 10% are hilly.^[2]

Geology

In 2015, the county experienced 75% of Taiwan's total land subsidence, over an area of 600 km² due to its groundwater overuse.^[3]

Climate

The weather in the county is sub-tropical, with an annual average temperature of 22.6 °C and an average annual rainfall of 1,028.9 mm.

Administration

Lee Chin-yung, Magistrate of Yunlin County

Yunlin County is divided into 1 city, 5 urban townships and 14 rural townships. Douliu City is the county seat and home to the Yunlin County Government and the Yunlin County Council. Lee Chin-yung of the Democratic Progressive Party is the incumbent Magistrate of Yunlin County.

Politics

Yunlin County voted two Democratic Progressive Party legislators out of two seats to be in the Legislative Yuan during the 2016 Republic of China legislative election.^[4]

Demographics and Culture

Cultural activities in the county is regulated by the Bureau of Cultural Affairs of the Yunlin County Government, which holds exhibitions, speeches, performances and studies to promote the arts and related activities.^[5]

Sports

Douliu Baseball Stadium

The county government promotes many sports. The Douliu Baseball Stadium and Yunlin County Stadium are two of the international-level sports facilities in the county.

The first for-all-people games were held in Yunlin County in 2000. The county also hosted the 2005 National Games. In the 2011 National Games at Changhua, Yunlin ranked 11th out of the 22 counties and cities of Taiwan, with 10 gold, 8 silver and 8 bronze medals.^[6]

Economy

Formosa Plastics Group plant at the Mai-Liao Industrial Complex.

Yunlin County's economy relies mainly on agricultural production, including fresh-water fisheries, although there are also industrial parks. As of July 2015, the county had a total debt of NT$64.8 billion.^[7] Monthly, the county government spend NT$600 million for staffs salary and another NT$600 million for retirement funds.^[8]

Agriculture

Farmlands accounts for around 68% of Yunlin County's area. Good weather and fertile lands allows various seasonal crops. Among the agricultural products are coffee, hard clams, horseshoe calms, Taiwan tilapia, shaddock, soy sauce, pickled cabbage, peanuts and sesame oil.^[9]

Fishery

Yunlin County boasts excellent fishing grounds along its coastline. There are several leading fishing ports, at Boziliao, Santiaolun, Taixi, Taizicun, and Jinhu. Several institutions were established in the county to help the development of the county's fishing industries: the Taixi Experimental Fishing Grounds, the Seawater Fish Farming Research Center, the Aquaculture Experimental Station, and the Agriculture Council.

Livestock

Livestock farming includes pigs, cows, chickens, geese and ducks. The county government has been aggressively helping the dairy farmers to upgrade their feeding techniques, and also set up modern meat-packing facilities.

Tourism

The county government plans to develop the tourism and recreational industries within the county, such as by establishing a holiday fish market at the Boziliao Fishing Port in the hopes of attracting more visitors.^[10]

Education

National Formosa University

The county is home to four universities: the China Medical University Beigang Campus, the National Formosa University, the National Yunlin University of Science and Technology and the TransWorld University. There are 8 public senior high schools, 9 private high schools, 32 junior high schools and 156 elementary schools, as well as the National Yunlin Special Education School.

To promote lifelong learning, the Yunlin County Government established a community university in 2001 with 6 learning centers to offer county residents more opportunities.

Energy

Power generations

Yunlin County houses one power plant, the Mailiao Power Plant, in Mailiao Township. Commissioned in July 1999, it has a capacity of 4,200 MW and is the third largest coal-fired power plant in Taiwan.

Water supply

Currently, most of the county residence use groundwater as their water supply. However, in 2016 the Hushan Dam was opened in Douliu City in which its reservoir will soon supply the water needs for the county residence.^[11]

Tourist attractions

Yunlin Story House

Caoling

Historical buildings

Historical buildings in the county include the House of Citizen-Memorial Hall of Attendance, Jhen Wen Academy, Erlun Story House and Xiluo Theater.

Tourist towns

Caoling is the main tourist town in Yunlin County.

Temples

Temples in the county include the Chaotian Temple, Xiluo Guangfu Temple and Yongan Temple.

Museums and cultural centers

Yunlin County is home to several museums and cultural centers, such as the Beigang Cultural Center, Farming and Irrigation Artifacts Museum, Honey Museum, Museum of Beigang Story, Soy Sauce Brewing Museum, Yunlin Hand Puppet Museum and Yunlin Story House.

Festivals

Festivals, such as the Beigang International Music Festival, are regularly held in the county.

Theme parks

The Janfusun Fancyworld is a theme park in the county.

Nature

Yunlin County houses the Erlun Sports Park, Penglai Waterfall and Ten Thousand Year Gorge.

Transportation

THSR Yunlin Station

Xiluo Bridge

Rail

The Taiwan High Speed Rail Yunlin Station serves the county. The Taiwan Railway Administration serves at Linnei, Shiliu, Douliu, Dounan and Shigui.

Roads

The National Highway No. 1 and No. 3 pass through Yunlin County. Famous bridges in the county are the Xiluo Bridge, connecting the county to the neighboring Changhua County, and the Beigang Tourist Bridge, connecting the county to the neighboring Chiayi County.

Air

Yunlin County does not have any airport. The nearest airport is the Chiayi Airport located in neighboring Chiayi County.

Relative location

Adjacent places of Yunlin County
		Changhua County
	Taiwan Strait (South China Sea)  Penghu County Fujian,  China		Nantou County
		Yunlin County
		Chiayi County

References

Wikimedia Commons has media related to Yunlin County.

External links

• Yunlin County Government Website (in Chinese) (in English)

Administrative divisions of Taiwan
Special municipalities (6)	Kaohsiung New Taipei Taichung Tainan Taipei Taoyuan
Provincial cities (3)	Chiayi Hsinchu Keelung
Counties (13)	Changhua Chiayi Hsinchu Hualien Kinmen Lienchiang Miaoli Nantou Penghu Pingtung Taitung Yilan Yunlin
Free area of the Republic of China Streamlined Provinces Taiwan Fujian List of administrative divisions of Taiwan

Cities and townships of Yunlin County
County seat: Douliu
Cities	Douliu
Urban townships	Beigang Dounan Huwei Tuku Xiluo
Rural townships	Baozhong Citong Dapi Dongshi Erlun Gukeng Kouhu Linnei Lunbei Mailiao Shuilin Sihu Taixi Yuanchang