Woltemade Cross for Bravery, Silver

Woltemade Cross for Bravery, Silver
Awarded by the State President
Country South Africa  South Africa
Type Civil decoration for bravery
Eligibility South African citizens and others
Awarded for Acts of exceptional bravery
Status Discontinued in 2002
Post-nominals WDS
Statistics
Established 1988
Pre-1994 & post-2002 orders of wear
Next (higher)
Pre-1994 precedence:
  • National Intelligence Service Cross for Valour, Gold
Post-2002 precedence:
  • National Intelligence Service Cross for Valour, Gold
Next (lower)
Pre-1994 succession:
  • King's/Queen's Police Medal for Gallantry or Distinguished Service
Post-2002 succession:

King's/Queen's Police Medal for Gallantry or Distinguished Service


Ribbon bar

The Woltemade Cross for Bravery, Silver, post-nominal letters WDS, is the lesser of two classes of a South African civil decoration for acts of bravery. It replaced the Union of South Africa King's Medal for Bravery, Silver, Union of South Africa Queen's Medal for Bravery, Silver and Woltemade Decoration for Bravery, Silver, all of which ranked on par with each other and the award of which had been discontinued in 1952, 1961 and 1988 respectively.[1][2][3]

Institution

The Woltemade Cross for Bravery, Silver, post-nominal letters WDS, was instituted by Warrant of 16 September 1988, published in Government Gazette no. 11519 dated 30 September 1988.[1][3]

It is the lesser of two classes of South Africa's highest civilian decoration for bravery and it replaced the Woltemade Decoration for Bravery, Silver.[4]

The cross was named in memory of Wolraad Woltemade, an elderly servant of the Dutch East India Company, who gave his life while rescuing shipwrecked sailors in Table Bay on 1 June 1773. The ship De Jonge Thomas broke anchor in a gale force Northwestern and was driven ashore in the Salt River Mouth. Woltemade rode his horse into the sea seven times and brought surviving sailors ashore each time, but on the eighth excursion Woltemade and his exhausted horse were overladen by panic-stricken sailors and drowned.[1]

Award criteria

The Woltemade Cross for Bravery, Silver could be awarded to South African citizens who have distinguished themselves by exceptional bravery, by placing their own lives in great danger whilst trying to save the life of another person, or by saving or protecting property belonging to the state, within or beyond the borders of the Republic of South Africa. The cross could also be awarded to non-citizens who have distinguished themselves in this manner, by placing their own lives in great danger whilst trying to save the life of a South Africa citizen, or by saving or protecting property belonging to the state, within or beyond the borders of the Republic of South Africa.[1]

Order of wear

The position of the Woltemade Cross for Bravery, Silver in the official national order of precedence was revised three times after 1990 to accommodate the inclusion or institution of new decorations and medals, first with the integration process of 1994, again when decorations and medals were belatedly instituted in April 1996 for the two former non-statutory para-military forces, the Azanian People's Liberation Army and Umkhonto we Sizwe, and again with the institution of new sets of awards in 2002 and 2003, but it remained unchanged on all three occasions.[4]

Description

The Woltemade Cross for Bravery, Silver is a breast decoration and consists of the cross, a silver rosette and, for evening dress, a miniature cross identical to the obverse design of the breast badge. The rosette would be worn on the left lapel of a jacket or as a brooch by ladies. When worn on uniform, the rosette would be attached to the ribbon bar.[1][2]

Obverse

The Cross is struck in silver and is 38 millimetres in diameter. It is in the form of a cross potent facetted newy, with a centre roundel bearing, in relief, a representation of Wolraad Woltemade on his horse saving a man from the sea.[1][2]

Reverse

The reverse of the full-size decoration has the embellished South African Coat of Arms and the engraved serial number of the cross.[1][2] The reverse of the miniature decoration is smooth and impressed with a silver hallmark.

Ribbon

The ribbon is 32 millimetres wide and dark blue with 4 millimetres wide orange edges. Since the same ribbon is used for the Woltemade Cross for Bravery, Gold, the silver rosette would be worn on the ribbon bar when ribbons alone are worn.[1]

Bar

A bar, struck in silver and decorated with laurel leaves, could be awarded to denote a subsequent award.[1]

Recipients

Altogether 39 decorations were awarded. The first recipient, in 1988, was Erasmus Hattingh.[2]

Discontinuation

The Woltemade Cross for Bravery, Silver was discontinued in 2002 and was replaced by the Mendi Decoration for Bravery, Silver (OMBS) during the following year.[1]

References

  1. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Monick, S (1990). South African Civil Awards. South African National Museum of Military History. pp. 145–147.
  2. 1 2 3 4 5 South African Medal Website - Republic of South Africa: 1967-2002 (Accessed 1 May 2015)
  3. 1 2 South African Medal Website - Post-nominal Letters (Accessed 28 April 2015)
  4. 1 2 3 Republic of South Africa Government Gazette Vol. 477, no. 27376, Pretoria, 11 March 2005, OCLC 72827981
  5. ↑ Republic of South Africa Government Gazette no. 15093, Pretoria, 3 September 1993
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