List of WLAN channels

Wireless local area network channels using IEEE 802.11 protocols are sold mostly under the trademark WiFi.

The 802.11 workgroup has documented use in five distinct frequency ranges: 2.4 GHz, 3.6 GHz, 4.9 GHz, 5 GHz, and 5.9 GHz bands.[1] Each range is divided into a multitude of channels. Countries apply their own regulations to the allowable channels, allowed users and maximum power levels within these frequency ranges.

2.4 GHz (802.11b/g/n)

Graphical representation of 2.4 GHz band channels overlapping

Most countries

Graphical representation of Wireless LAN channels in 2.4 GHz band. Note "channel 3" in the 40MHz diagram above is often labelled with the 20MHz channel numbers "1+5" or "1" with "+ Upper" or "5" with "+ Lower" in router interfaces, and "11" as "9+13" or "9" with "+ Upper" or "13" with "+ Lower"

United States

Graphical representation of Wireless LAN channels in 2.4 GHz band. Note "channel 3" in the 40 MHz diagram above is often labelled with the 20MHz channel numbers "1+5" or "1" with "+ Upper" or "5" with "+ Lower" in router interfaces.

Fourteen channels are designated in the 2.4 GHz range, spaced 5 MHz apart from each other except for a 12 MHz space before channel 14.[2]

For 802.11g/n, it is not possible to guarantee orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing (OFDM) operation, thus affecting the number of possible non-overlapping channels depending on radio operation.[3]

Interference concerns

As the protocol requires 16.25 to 22 MHz of channel separation (as shown above), adjacent channels overlap and will interfere with each other. Leaving three or four channels clear between used channels is recommended to avoid interference.[4] The exact spacing required depends on the protocol and data rate selected as well as the electromagnetic environment where the equipment is used.

When two or more 802.11b transmitters are operated in the same airspace, their signals must be attenuated by -50 dBr and/or separated by 22 MHz to prevent interference.[5] This is because the DSSS algorithm transmits data logarithmically along a 20 MHz bandwidth. The remaining 2 MHz gap is used as a guard band to allow sufficient attenuation along the edge channels.

Note: The 40 MHz bands in the diagram above are labelled with their centre channel numbers, but the management interface of many Wi-Fi devices labels one of these bands with the centre channel of one of the 20 MHz bands it overlaps plus an Up or Down notation to specify the other half of the band. For example, channel 3 in the diagram is called channel 1+Upper or Channel 5+Lower, and Channel 11 in the diagram is called Channel 9+Upper or Channel 13+Lower.

Countries apply their own regulations to the allowable channels, allowed users and maximum power levels within these frequency ranges. Network operators should consult their local authorities as these regulations may be out of date as they are subject to change at any time. Most of the world will allow the first thirteen channels in the spectrum.

Channel Frequency
(MHz)		 North America
[6]		 Japan[6] Most of world
[6][7][8][9][10][11][12]
1 2412 Yes Yes Yes
2 2417 Yes Yes Yes
3 2422 Yes Yes Yes
4 2427 Yes Yes Yes
5 2432 Yes Yes Yes
6 2437 Yes Yes Yes
7 2442 Yes Yes Yes
8 2447 Yes Yes Yes
9 2452 Yes Yes Yes
10 2457 Yes Yes Yes
11 2462 Yes Yes Yes
12 2467 NoB Yes Yes
13 2472NoB Yes Yes
14 2484 No 11b onlyC No

^B In the U.S., 802.11 operation in the channels 12 and 13 is allowed under low powered conditions. The 2.4 GHz Part 15 band in the U.S. allows spread-spectrum operation as long as the 50 dB bandwidth of the signal is within the range of 2,400–2,483.5 MHz[13] which wholly encompasses both channels 12 and 13. A Federal Communications Commission (FCC) document clarifies that only channel 14 is forbidden and that low-power transmitters with low-gain antennas may operate legally in channels 12 and 13.[14] Channels 12 and 13, however, are not normally used in order to avoid any potential interference in the adjacent restricted frequency band, 2,483.5–2,500 MHz,[15] which is subject to strict emission limits set out in 47 CFR § 15.205.[16] Per recent FCC Order 16-181, "an authorized access point device can only operate in the 2483.5–2495 MHz band when it is operating under the control of a Globalstar Network Operating Center and that a client device can only operate in the 2483.5–2495 MHz band when it is operating under the control of an authorized access point" [17]

In Canada, 12 channels are available for use, 11 of which at full power and the other (channel 12) is transmit power limited. Few devices, however, have a method to enable a lower powered channel 12.

^C Channel 14 is valid only for DSSS and CCK modes (Clause 18 a.k.a. 802.11b) in Japan. OFDM (i.e., 802.11g) may not be used. (IEEE 802.11-2007 §19.4.2)

3.65 GHz (802.11y)

Except where noted, all information taken from Annex J of IEEE 802.11y-2008

This range is documented as only being allowed as a licensed band in the United States. Please see IEEE 802.11y for details.

Countries apply their own regulations to the allowable channels, allowed users and maximum power levels within these frequency ranges.

A 40 MHz band is available from 3655–3695 MHz. It may be divided into eight 5 MHz channels, four 10 MHz channels, or two 20 MHz channels, as follows:

Channel Frequency
(MHz)		 United States
5 MHz 10 MHz 20 MHz
1313657.5YesNoNo
1323660.0NoYes
3662.5YesNo
1333665.0NoYes
No
3667.5YesNo
1343670.0NoYes
3672.5YesNo
1353675.0No
NoNo
3677.5Yes
1363680.0NoYes
3682.5YesNo
1373685.0NoYes
No
3687.5YesNo
1383690.0NoYes
3692.5YesNo

4.9 GHz (802.11j) public safety WLAN

50 MHz of spectrum from 4940 MHz to 4990 MHz (WLAN channels 20–26) are in use by public safety entities in the United States. Within this spectrum space, there are two non-overlapping channels allocated, both with a width of 20 MHz. The most commonly used channels are 22 and 26.

5 GHz (802.11a/h/j/n/ac)

[18]

Countries apply their own regulations to the allowable channels, allowed users and maximum power levels within these frequency ranges. Network operators should consult their local authorities as these regulations may be out of date as they are subject to change at any time.

European standard EN 301 893 covers 5.15–5.725 GHz operation, and v1.8.1 is in force.[19]

In 2007, the FCC (United States) began requiring that devices operating on 5.250–5.350 GHz and 5.470–5.725 GHz must employ dynamic frequency selection (DFS) and transmit power control (TPC) capabilities. This is to avoid interference with weather-radar and military applications.[20] In 2010, the FCC further clarified the use of channels in the 5.470–5.725 GHz band to avoid interference with TDWR weather radar systems.[21] In FCC parlance, these restrictions are now referred to collectively as the "Old Rules". On 10 June 2015, the FCC approved a "new" ruleset for 5 GHz device operation (called the "New Rules"), which adds 160 and 80 MHz channel identifiers, and re-enables previously prohibited DFS channels, in Publication Number 905462.[22] This FCC publication eliminates the ability for manufacturers to have devices approved or modified under the Old Rules in phases; the New Rules apply in all circumstances as of 2 June 2016.[22]

Germany requires DFS and TPC capabilities on 5.250–5.350 GHz and 5.470–5.725 GHz as well; in addition, the frequency range 5.150–5.350 GHz is allowed only for indoor use, leaving only 5.470–5.725 GHz for outdoor and indoor use.[23]

Since this is the German implementation of EU Rule 2005/513/EC, similar regulations must be expected throughout the European Union.[24][25]

Austria adopted Decision 2005/513/EC directly into national law.[26] The same restrictions as in Germany apply, only 5.470–5.725 GHz is allowed to be used outdoor and indoor.

South Africa simply copied the European regulations.[27]

Japan's use of 10 and 20 MHz-wide 5 GHz wireless channels is codified by Association of Radio Industries and Businesses (ARIB) document STD-T71, Broadband Mobile Access Communication System (CSMA).[28] Additional rule specifications relating to 40, 80, and 160 MHz channel allocation has been taken on by Japan's Ministry of Internal Affairs and Communications (MIC).[29]

In Brazil, the TPC use in 5.150–5.725 GHz band is optional. DFS is required only in the 5.470–5.725 GHz band.[30]

As of 2015, some of the Australian channels require DFS to be utilised (a significant change from the 2000 regulations, which allowed lower power operation without DFS).[10] As per AS/NZS 4268 B1 and B2, transmitters designed to operate in any part of 5250–5350 GHz and 5470–5725 GHz bands shall implement DFS in accordance with sections 4.7 and 5.3.8 and Annex D of ETSI EN 301 893 or alternatively in accordance with FCC paragraph 15.407(h)(2). Also as per AS/NZS 4268 B3 and B4, transmitters designed to operate in any part of 5250–5350 MHz and 5470–5725 MHz bands shall implement TPC in accordance with sections 4.4 and 5.3.4 of ETSI EN 301 893 or alternatively in accordance with FCC paragraph 15.407(h)(1).

New Zealand regulation differs from Australian.[31]

Singapore requires DFS and TPC capabilities on 5.250–5.350 GHz above 100 mW (e.i.r.p.) and below or equal to 200 mW (e.i.r.p.), and requires DFS capability on 5.250–5.350 GHz below or equal to 100 mW (e.i.r.p.). In addition, 5.150–5.350 GHz is allowed only for indoor use.[32]

Channel Center
Frequency
(MHz)		 Frequency
Range
(MHz)		 Bandwidth
(MHz)		 United States
FCC
U-NII Band(s)		 United States
[33][34]		 Canada
[35]		 Europe
[36][37][38][39][40]		 Switzerland
[41][42][43]		 Russia
[44]		 Japan[45] India Singapore
[46][32]		 China
[47]		 Israel
[9]		 Korea
[48]		 Turkey
[49]		 Australia
[10]		 South Africa
[27]		 Brazil
[11]		 Taiwan
[50]		 New Zealand
[31][51]
7 5035 5030–5040 10 N/A No No No No No No Unknown No No No No No No No No No No
8 5040 5030–5050 20 N/A No No No No No No Unknown No No No No No No No No No No
9 5045 5040–5050 10 N/A No No No No No No Unknown No No No No No No No No No No
11 5055 5050–5060 10 N/A No No No No No No Unknown No No No No No No No No No No
12 5060 5050–5070 20 N/A No No No No No No Unknown No No No No No No No No No No
16 5080 5070–5090 20 N/A No No No No No No Unknown No No No No No No No No No No
34 5170 Unknown Unknown N/A No No No No Yes No Indoors Yes No Indoors Yes Indoors Indoors Indoors Indoors Yes Indoors
36 5180 5170–5190 20 U-NII-1 Yes Indoors Indoors Indoors Yes Indoors Indoors Yes Yes Indoors Yes Indoors Indoors Indoors Indoors Yes Indoors
38 5190 5170–5210 40 U-NII-1 Yes Indoors No No Yes No Indoors Yes Yes Indoors Yes Indoors Indoors Indoors Indoors Yes Indoors
40 5200 5190–5210 20 U-NII-1 Yes Indoors Indoors Indoors Yes Indoors Indoors Yes Yes Indoors Yes Indoors Indoors Indoors Indoors Yes Indoors
42 5210 5170–5250 80 U-NII-1 Yes Indoors No No Yes No Indoors Indoors/DFS/TPC No No No Indoors Indoors No No Yes Indoors
44 5220 5210–5230 20 U-NII-1 Yes Indoors Indoors Indoors Yes Indoors Indoors Yes Yes Indoors Yes Indoors Indoors Indoors Indoors Yes Indoors
46 5230 5210–5250 40 U-NII-1 Yes Indoors No No Yes No Indoors Yes Yes Indoors Yes Indoors Indoors Indoors Indoors Yes Indoors
48 5240 5230–5250 20 U-NII-1 Yes Indoors Indoors Indoors Yes Indoors Indoors Yes Yes Indoors Yes Indoors Indoors Indoors Indoors Yes Indoors
50 5250 5170–5330 160 U-NII-1 and U-NII-2A DFS Indoors/DFS No No Yes No Indoors No No No No No Indoors/DFS/TPC
(otherwise limited to 100 mW instead of 200 mW) 		No No DFS Indoors
52 5260 5250–5270 20 U-NII-2A DFS DFS Indoors/DFS/TPC Indoors/DFS/TPC
(otherwise limited to 100 mW instead of 200 mW) 		Yes Indoors/DFS/TPC Indoors Indoors/DFS/TPC DFS/TPC Indoors/DFS/TPC
(otherwise limited to 100mW instead of 200 mW) 		Yes Indoors Indoors/DFS/TPC
(otherwise limited to 100 mW instead of 200mW) 		Indoors Indoors DFS DFS/TPC
54 5270 5250–5290 40 U-NII-2A DFS DFS No No Yes No Indoors Indoors/DFS/TPC DFS/TPC Indoors No Indoors Indoors/DFS/TPC
(otherwise limited to 100mW instead of 200mW) 		Indoors Indoors DFS DFS/TPC
56 5280 5270–5290 20 U-NII-2A DFS DFS Indoors/DFS/TPC Indoors/DFS/TPC
(otherwise limited to 100 mW instead of 200 mW) 		Yes Indoors/DFS/TPC Indoors Indoors/DFS/TPC DFS/TPC Indoors/DFS/TPC
(otherwise limited to 100 mW instead of 200 mW) 		Yes Indoors Indoors/DFS/TPC
(otherwise limited to 100 mW instead of 200mW) 		Indoors Indoors DFS DFS/TPC
58 5290 5250–5330 80 U-NII-2A DFS DFS No No Yes No Indoors Indoors/DFS/TPC No No No Indoors Indoors/DFS/TPC
(otherwise limited to 100 mW instead of 200 mW) 		No No DFS Yes
60 5300 5290–5310 20 U-NII-2A DFS DFS Indoors/DFS/TPC Indoors/DFS/TPC
(otherwise limited to 100 mW instead of 200 mW) 		Yes Indoors/DFS/TPC Indoors Indoors/DFS/TPC DFS/TPC Indoors/DFS/TPC
(otherwise limited to 100 mW instead of 200 mW) 		Yes Indoors Indoors/DFS/TPC
(otherwise limited to 100 mW instead of 200 mW) 		Indoors Indoors DFS DFS/TPC
62 5310 5290–5330 40 U-NII-2A DFS DFS No No Yes No Indoors Indoors/DFS/TPC DFS/TPC Indoors No Indoors Indoors/DFS/TPC
(otherwise limited to 100mW instead of 200mW) 		Indoors Indoors DFS DFS/TPC
64 5320 5310–5330 20 U-NII-2A DFS DFS Indoors/DFS/TPC Indoors/DFS/TPC
(otherwise limited to 100 mW instead of 200 mW) 		Yes Indoors/DFS/TPC Indoors Indoors/DFS/TPC DFS/TPC Indoors/DFS/TPC
(otherwise limited to 100 mW instead of 200 mW) 		Yes Indoors Indoors/DFS/TPC
(otherwise limited to 100 mW instead of 200mW) 		Indoors Indoors DFS DFS/TPC
100 5500 5490–5510 20 U-NII-2C DFS DFS DFS/TPC DFS/TPC (otherwise limited to 500 mW instead of 1 W) Yes DFS/TPC Unknown DFS/TPC No No Yes DFS/TPC DFS/TPC
(otherwise limited to 500 mW instead of 1 W) 		Yes DFS DFS DFS/TPC
102 5510 5490–5530 40 U-NII-2C DFS DFS No No Yes No Unknown DFS/TPC No No No DFS/TPC DFS/TPC
(otherwise limited to 500 mW instead of 1 W) 		Yes DFS DFS DFS/TPC
104 5520 5510–5530 20 U-NII-2C DFS DFS DFS/TPC DFS/TPC
(otherwise limited to 500 mW instead of 1 W) 		Yes DFS/TPC Unknown DFS/TPC No No Yes DFS/TPC DFS/TPC
(otherwise limited to 500 mW instead of 1 W) 		Yes DFS DFS DFS/TPC
106 5530 5490–5570 80 U-NII-2C DFS DFS No No Yes No Unknown DFS/TPC No No No No DFS/TPC
(otherwise limited to 500 mW instead of 1 W) 		No No DFS DFS/TPC
108 5540 5530–5550 20 U-NII-2C DFS DFS DFS/TPC DFS/TPC
(otherwise limited to 500 mW instead of 1 W) 		Yes DFS/TPC Unknown DFS/TPC No No Yes DFS/TPC DFS/TPC
(otherwise limited to 500 mW instead of 1 W) 		Yes DFS DFS DFS/TPC
110 5550 5530–5570 40 U-NII-2C DFS DFS No No Yes No Unknown DFS/TPC No No No DFS/TPC DFS/TPC
(otherwise limited to 500 mW instead of 1 W) 		Yes DFS DFS DFS/TPC
112 5560 5550–5570 20 U-NII-2C DFS DFS DFS/TPC DFS/TPC
(otherwise limited to 500 mW instead of 1 W) 		Yes DFS/TPC Unknown DFS/TPC No No Yes DFS/TPC DFS/TPC
(otherwise limited to 500 mW instead of 1 W) 		Yes DFS DFS DFS/TPC
114 5570 5490–5650 160 U-NII-2C DFS No No No Yes No Unknown DFS/TPC No No No No No No No DFS DFS/TPC
116 5580 5570–5590 20 U-NII-2C DFS DFS DFS/TPC DFS/TPC
(otherwise limited to 500 mW instead of 1 W) 		Yes DFS/TPC Unknown DFS/TPC No No Yes DFS/TPC DFS/TPC
(otherwise limited to 500 mW instead of 1 W) 		Yes DFS DFS DFS/TPC
118 5590 5570–5610 40 U-NII-2C DFS No No No Yes No Unknown DFS/TPC No No No DFS/TPC No Yes DFS DFS DFS/TPC
120 5600 5590–5610 20 U-NII-2C DFS No DFS/TPC DFS/TPC
(otherwise limited to 500 mW instead of 1 W) 		Yes DFS/TPC Unknown DFS/TPC No No Yes DFS/TPC No Yes DFS DFS DFS/TPC
122 5610 5570–5650 80 U-NII-2C DFS No No No Yes No Unknown DFS/TPC No No No No No No No DFS DFS/TPC
124 5620 5610–5630 20 U-NII-2C DFS No DFS/TPC DFS/TPC
(otherwise limited to 500 mW instead of 1 W) 		Yes DFS/TPC Unknown DFS/TPC No No Yes DFS/TPC No Yes DFS DFS DFS/TPC
126 5630 5610–5650 40 U-NII-2C DFS No No No Yes No Unknown DFS/TPC No No No DFS/TPC No Yes DFS DFS DFS/TPC
128 5640 5630–5650 20 U-NII-2C DFS No DFS/TPC DFS/TPC
(otherwise limited to 500 mW instead of 1 W) 		Yes DFS/TPC Unknown DFS/TPC No No Yes DFS/TPC No Yes DFS DFS DFS/TPC
132 5660 5650–5670 20 U-NII-2C DFS DFS DFS/TPC DFS/TPC
(otherwise limited to 500 mW instead of 1 W) 		Yes DFS/TPC Unknown DFS/TPC No No No DFS/TPC DFS/TPC
(otherwise limited to 500 mW instead of 1 W) 		Yes DFS DFS DFS/TPC
134 5670 5650–5690 40 U-NII-2C DFS DFS No No Yes No Unknown DFS/TPC No No No DFS/TPC DFS/TPC
(otherwise limited to 500 mW instead of 1 W) 		Yes DFS DFS DFS/TPC
136 5680 5670–5690 20 U-NII-2C DFS DFS DFS/TPC DFS/TPC
(otherwise limited to 500 mW instead of 1 W) 		Yes DFS/TPC Unknown DFS/TPC No No No DFS/TPC DFS/TPC
(otherwise limited to 500mW instead of 1W) 		Yes DFS DFS DFS/TPC
138 5690 5650–5730 80 U-NII-2C and U-NII-3 DFS DFS No No Yes No Unknown DFS/TPC No No No No DFS/TPC
(otherwise limited to 500mW instead of 1W) 		No No No DFS/TPC
140 5700 5690–5710 20 U-NII-2C DFS DFS DFS/TPC DFS/TPC
(otherwise limited to 500 mW instead of 1W) 		Yes DFS/TPC Unknown DFS/TPC No No No DFS/TPC DFS/TPC
(otherwise limited to 500 mW instead of 1 W) 		Yes DFS DFS DFS/TPC
142 5710 5690–5730 40 U-NII-2C and U-NII-3 DFS DFS No No Yes No Unknown DFS/TPC No No No No DFS/TPC
(otherwise limited to 500mW instead of 1W) 		No No No DFS/TPC
144 5720 5710–5730 20 U-NII-2C and U-NII-3 DFS DFS No No Yes No Indoors DFS/TPC No No No No DFS/TPC
(otherwise limited to 500mW instead of 1W) 		No No No DFS/TPC
149 5745 5735–5755 20 U-NII-3 Yes Yes SRD (25 mW)[52] SRD (25 mW)[52] Yes No Indoors Yes Yes No Yes No Yes No Yes Yes Yes
151 5755 5735–5775 40 U-NII-3 Yes Yes SRD (25 mW)[52] SRD (25 mW)[52] Yes No Indoors Yes Yes No Yes No Yes No Yes Yes Yes
153 5765 5755–5775 20 U-NII-3 Yes Yes SRD (25 mW)[52] SRD (25 mW)[52] Yes No Indoors Yes Yes No Yes No Yes No Yes Yes Yes
155 5775 5735–5815 80 U-NII-3 Yes Yes SRD (25 mW)[52] SRD (25 mW)[52] Yes No Indoors Yes No No No No Yes No No Yes Yes
157 5785 5775–5795 20 U-NII-3 Yes Yes SRD (25 mW)[52] SRD (25 mW)[52] Yes No Indoors Yes Yes No Yes No Yes No Yes Yes Yes
159 5795 5775–5815 40 U-NII-3 Yes Yes SRD (25 mW)[52] SRD (25 mW)[52] Yes No Indoors Yes Yes No Yes No Yes No Yes Yes Yes
161 5805 5795–5815 20 U-NII-3 Yes Yes SRD (25 mW)[52] SRD (25 mW)[52] Yes No Indoors Yes Yes No Yes No Yes No Yes Yes Yes
165 5825 5815–5835 20 U-NII-3 Yes Yes SRD (25 mW)[52] SRD (25 mW)[52] Yes No Indoors Yes Yes No Yes No Yes No Yes Yes Yes
169 5845 5835–5855 20 N/A No No No No No No Yes No No No No No No No No No No
173 5865 5855–5875 20 N/A No No No No No No Yes No No No No No No No No No No
183 4915 4910–4920 10 N/A No No No No No No Unknown No No No No No No No No No No
184 4920 4910–4930 20 N/A No No No No No No Unknown No No No No No No No No No No
185 4925 4920–4930 10 N/A No No No No No No Unknown No No No No No No No No No No
187 4935 4930–4940 10 N/A No No No No No No Unknown No No No No No No No No No No
188 4940 4930–4950 20 N/A No No No No No No Unknown No No No No No No No No No No
189 4945 4940–4950 10 N/A No No No No No No Unknown No No No No No No No No No No
192 4960 4950–4970 20 N/A No No No No No No Unknown No No No No No No No No No No
196 4980 4970–4990 20 N/A No No No No No No Unknown No No No No No No No No No No
Channel Center
Frequency
(MHz)		 Frequency
Range
(MHz)		 Bandwidth
(MHz)		 United States
FCC
U-NII Band(s)		 United States Canada Europe Switzerland Russia Japan India Singapore China Israel Korea Turkey Australia South Africa Brazil Taiwan New Zealand

China MIIT expanded allowed channels as of 31 December 2012 to add UNII-1, 5150 ~ 5250 GHz, UNII-2, 5250 ~ 5350 GHz (DFS/TPC), similar to European standards EN 301.893 V1.7.1.[53]

5.9 GHz (802.11p)

The 802.11p amendment, also known as Wireless Access in Vehicular Environments (WAVE), published on 15 July 2010, specifies WLAN in the licensed Intelligent Transportation Systems (ITS) band of 5.9 GHz (5.850–5.925 GHz).[54] The 802.11p standard is intended for use in vehicular communication systems.

60 GHz (802.11ad)

The 802.11ad, also known as WiGig. This operates in 60 GHz ISM band.

900 MHz (802.11ah)

802.11ah operates in sub-gigahertz unlicensed bands.

See also

References

  1. ↑ "IEEE 802.11-2007: Wireless LAN Medium Access Control (MAC) and Physical Layer (PHY) specifications". IEEE. 8 March 2007.
  2. ↑ "IEEE 802.11-2012: 16.4.6 - PMD Operating Specifications, General". IEEE. 15 May 2013.
  3. ↑ "Channel Deployment Issues for 2.4-GHz 802.11 WLANs". www.cisco.com. Archived from the original on 12 July 2007. Retrieved 2 August 2017.
  4. ↑ "Choosing the right Wi-Fi channel can minimize wireless interference". compnetworking.about.com. Retrieved 5 June 2016.
  5. ↑ "IEEE 802.11-2012: 16.4.7.5 - Transmit spectrum mask". IEEE. 15 May 2013.
  6. 1 2 3 IEEE 802.11-2007 — Table 18-9
  7. ↑ France: "WLAN regulatory update". 3 February 2003.
  8. ↑ "Telecomunicaciones y Tecnologías de la Información - Cuadro Nacional de Atribución de Frecuencias (CNAF)". Web.archive.org. 6 February 2008. Archived from the original on 6 February 2008. Retrieved 2 August 2017.
  9. 1 2 Israel: כללי השימוש בתדרים בתחומים 2.4 ו- 5 גה"ץ (PDF) (in Hebrew).
  10. 1 2 3 "Radiocommunications (Low Interference Potential Devices) Class Licence 2015". www.legislation.gov.au. Retrieved 2 August 2017.
  11. 1 2 "Brazil: Resolução nº 506, de 01/07/2008, publicado no Diário Oficial de 07/07/2008, atualizado em 24/11/2010 (in Brazilian Portuguese)" (PDF). p. 33.
  12. ↑ "WLAN / RLAN". www.bakom.admin.ch. Retrieved 24 June 2017.
  13. ↑ "dead link". Retrieved 18 February 2014.
  14. ↑ "TCB workshop on unlicensed devices" (PDF). October 2005. p. 58. Archived from the original (PDF) on 5 November 2008.
  15. ↑ "NTIA Comments ET Docket No 03-108 02-15-2005". www.ntia.doc.gov. Retrieved 5 June 2016.
  16. ↑ "47 CFR Ch. I (10–1–04 Edition)" (PDF). Edocket.access.gpo.gov. Retrieved 2 August 2017.
  17. ↑ "FCC 16-181" (PDF). apps.fcc.gov. 23 December 2016. Retrieved 22 February 2017.
  18. ↑ IEEE 802.11-2007 Annex J modified by amendments k, y and n.
  19. ↑ "EN 300 328 V1.8.1 to be mandatory from 1st January 2015". Retrieved 10 March 2015.
  20. ↑ "15.407 - General technical requirements". louise.hallikainen.org. Archived from the original on 23 March 2012. Retrieved 2 August 2017.
  21. ↑ "Publication Number: 443999 Rule Parts: 15E". Federal Communication Commission. 14 August 2014. Devices must be professionally installed when operating in the 5470 – 5725 GHz band
  22. 1 2 FCC Office of Engineering and Technology. "905462 15.401 UNII,U-NII, DFS Test Procedures". apps.fcc.gov. Retrieved 8 August 2015.
  23. ↑ "Bundesnetzagentur Vfg 7/2010 / See footnote 4 and 5 (German only)" (PDF). Retrieved 2 August 2017.
  24. ↑ "EUR-Lex - 32005D0513 - EN - EUR-Lex". eur-lex.europa.eu. Retrieved 5 June 2016.
  25. ↑ "EUR-Lex - 32007D0090 - EN - EUR-Lex". eur-lex.europa.eu. Retrieved 5 June 2016.
  26. ↑ Information of the Austrian Telecommunications Authority - Wireless Local Area Networks (WAS, WLAN, RLAN)
  27. 1 2 "ELECTRONIC COMMUNICATIONS ACT, 2005 (ACT NO 36 OF 2005): REGULATIONS" (PDF). www.ellipsis.co.za. Retrieved 2 August 2017.
  28. ↑ "List of ARIB Standards for Radio". www.arib.or.jp. Retrieved 19 January 2016.
  29. ↑ Hou, Chun "johnson" (3 April 2013). "Wi-Fi Amateur: IEEE Std 802.11ac Deployment in Japan". wifiamateur.blogspot.com. Retrieved 19 January 2016.
  30. ↑ "Brazil: Resolução nº 506, de 01/07/2008, publicado no Diário Oficial de 07/07/2008 (in Brazilian Portuguese)".
  31. 1 2 https://www.rsm.govt.nz/cms/licensees/types-of-licence/general-user-licences/short-range-devices
  32. 1 2 "IDA Technical Specification Short Range Devices - Issue 1 Rev 7, April 2013 / See Page 8 & 9" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 24 February 2015. Retrieved 2 August 2017.
  33. ↑ FCC Office of Engineering and Technology. "905462 D06 802.11 Channel Plans New Rules v01". apps.fcc.gov. Retrieved 8 August 2015.
  34. ↑ FCC Office of Engineering and Technology. "443999 D01 Approval of DFS UNII Devices v01r04". apps.fcc.gov. Retrieved 14 August 2015.
  35. ↑ "RSS-247 — Digital Transmission Systems (DTSs), Frequency Hopping Systems (FHSs) and Licence-Exempt Local Area Network (LE-LAN) Devices". Industry Canada. Retrieved 10 August 2015.
  36. ↑ "COMMISSION DECISION of 11 July 2005 on the harmonised use of radio spectrum in the 5 GHz frequency band for the implementation of wireless access systems including radio local area networks (WAS/RLANs)". eur-lex.europa.eu. Retrieved 27 January 2016.
  37. ↑ "COMMISSION DECISION of 12 February 2007 amending Decision 2005/513/EC on the harmonised use of radio spectrum in the 5 GHz frequency band for the implementation of Wireless Access Systems including Radio Local Area Networks (WAS/RLANs)". eur-lex.europa.eu. Retrieved 27 January 2016.
  38. ↑ "ERC Recommendation 70-03 Relating to the use of Short Range Devices (SRD)" (PDF). www.erodocdb.dk. Retrieved 27 January 2016.
  39. ↑ "ELECTRONIC COMMUNICATIONS COMMITTEE ECC Decision of 9 July 2004 on the harmonised use of the 5 GHz frequency bands for the implementation of Wireless Access Systems including Radio Local Area Networks (WAS/RLANs)" (PDF). www.erodocdb.dk. Retrieved 27 January 2016.
  40. ↑ "Broadband Radio Access Networks (BRAN); 5 GHz high performance RLAN; Harmonized EN covering the essential requirements of article 3.2 of the R&TTE Directive" (PDF). www.etsi.org. Retrieved 27 January 2016.
  41. ↑ "WLAN / RLAN". www.bakom.admin.ch. Retrieved 24 June 2017.
  42. ↑ "Technical interfaces regulations". Ofcomnet.ch. Retrieved 5 June 2016.
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  45. ↑ "新5GHz帯 [11n/11a] が変". Retrieved 25 August 2016.
  46. ↑ "IDA Singapore: Spectrum Management Handbook" (PDF). May 2011. p. 30. Archived from the original (PDF) on 10 March 2016. Retrieved 2 August 2017.
  47. ↑ Hou, Chun "johnson" (1 April 2013). "Wi-Fi Amateur: China Opened More Channels in 5 GHz & Embraced IEEE Std 802.11ac VHT80". wifiamateur.blogspot.com. Retrieved 5 June 2016.
  48. ↑
  49. ↑ "Bilgi Teknolojileri ve İletişim Kurumu - Anasayfa" (PDF). www.tk.gov.tr. Retrieved 5 June 2016.
  50. ↑ "頻率供應計畫". 頻率供應計畫. Ministry Of Transportation and Communication R.O.C. Retrieved 14 October 2015.
  51. ↑ "Important information for users of WiFi devices in the 5GHz band" (PDF). rsm.govt.nz. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2 August 2017. Retrieved 2 August 2017.
  52. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 "Relating to the use of Short Range Devices (SRD)" (PDF). ECC. 10 September 2015. Retrieved 16 February 2016.
  53. ↑ "工业和信息化部发布5150-5350兆赫兹频段无线接入系统频率使用相关事宜的通知". www.miit.gov.cn. Archived from the original on 30 May 2013. Retrieved 2 August 2017.
  54. ↑ Jiang, Daniel; Delgrossi, Luca (2008). "IEEE 802.11p: Towards an International Standard for Wireless Access in Vehicular Environments" (PDF). IEEE. Retrieved 28 December 2013.

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