Wind power in Turkey

Wind power in Turkey is gradually expanding in capacity, mainly in the Aegean and Marmara regions. Turkey has about 3 GW of installed capacity.[1] The Turkish government has a target of increasing Turkey's wind capacity 20 times by 2020.[2] The technical wind energy potential is estimated to be about 114 GW of capacity in regions where the wind speed is higher than 7.0 meters above the ground at 50 meters’ height.[3]

History

Bozcaada Wind Farm, Çanakkale province

The first wind farm was built in Izmir in 1998.[4]

In 2006, 19 MW of wind power was installed, and in 2007, capacity increased to almost 140 MW:[5] According to Transmission Reports, at the end of 2010 it had risen to 1,265 MW, and is specified as 1,645.30 MW by October, 2011 by the same reports.

Current and planned capacity

As of 2016, there were 172 wind farms in Turkey, of which 171 were active in production. The total installed power was 5.789 GW. The in the wind farms generated electrical energy totaled to 15.370 TWh the same year. Following the completion of the construction works of the licensed facilities, the total wind power will reach 6.828 GW. In addition, there were 74 licensed wind farms with a capacity of 1.283 GW, which were in planing stage. Considering all of them, the installed wind power capacity will reach 10.851 GW, which will be able to meet 12% of the demand for electricity consumption. The governmental "Energy Market Regulatory Authority" (Turkish: Enerji Piyasası Denetleme Kurulu, EPDK) has announced that it will accept requests for the building of wind farms totaling up to 3 GW installed power cpacity until the end of 2018.[4]

A total of 1,330 wind turbines are currently in place in Turkey, which saves the country from spending an additional $500 million on natural gas.[6] About 10GW has been licensed to be installed in total.[1]

Project YEKA

In 2017, the Ministry of Energy and Natural Resources launched a project for wind power investment amounting to US$ 1 billion, and issued a request for tender. The project, titled YEKA, abbreviation for Turkish: Yenilenebilir Enerji Kaynak Alanları for "Renewable Energy Resource Areas", comprises the building of wind farms in five different regions in the country with a total power capacity of 1,000 MW and with at least 3 billion kWh energy generated annually.[7]

On August 3, 2017, the German-Turkish consortium of Siemens-Türkerler-Kalyon won the underbidding auction in the 29th round after opening the sealed bids against seven other international partnerships. They offered 0.0348 US$ per kWh for the delivery of electricity to the national grid. The consortium will carry out R&D work for ten years in a total of five areas with at least three of the fields of wind turbine blade, generator design, material technologies and production techniques, software and innovative gearbox.The R&D activities will be performed by fifty technical personnel consisting of 80% domestic engineers, while a budget of US$ 5 million is to be allocated every year for the R&D work.[7]

Economics

Renewable energy law includes fairly attractive incentives for wind power plants in Turkey.[8]

Statistics

The installed capacity was 51 MW in 2006 and it is increased to the 4,498 MW in 2015. Wind power in Turkey is increasing tremendously but still the desired level of the installed capacity is not reached because the wind potential is very high in Turkey.[3]

Wind farm annual electricity generation and percent of total consumption[4]
Year GWh %
1998
6
0.0050
1999
21
0.02
2000
33
0.03
2001
62
0.05
2002
48
0.04
2003
61
0.04
2004
58
0.04
2005
59
0.04
2006
127
0.07
2007
355
0.19
2008
847
0.43
2009
1,495
0.77
2010
2,916
1.39
2011
4,724
2.05
2012
5,861
2.42
2013
7,558
3.04
2014
8,367
3.25
2015
11,652
4.39
2016
15,370
5.59

Installed wind power capacity by province (As of August 1, 2016)[4]

  Balıkesir (18.2%)
  Izmir (17.2%)
  Manisa (10.7%)
  Hatay (7.1%)
  Çanakkale (6.1%)
  Osmaniye (4.7%)
  Aydın (4.0%)
  Istanbul (3.6%)
  Kayseri (3.6%)
  Kırşehir (3.0%)
  Other (21.8%)

See also

References

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