William Soutar

William Soutar by Benno Schotz 1959

William Soutar (28 April 1898 – 15 October 1943)^[1] was a Scottish poet and diarist, who wrote in both English and Braid Scots, and is known best for his epigrams.^[2]

Life and works

William Soutar was born on 28 April 1898 in Perth, Scotland, the only child of John Soutar (1871–1958), master joiner, and his wife, Margaret Smith (1870–1954), who wrote poetry. His parents belonged to the United Free Church of Scotland. He was educated at Southern District School, Perth, and at Perth Academy, before joining the wartime navy in 1916. By the time he was demobilized in November 1918, he was already suffering from what was to be diagnosed in 1924 as ankylosing spondylitis,^[3] a form of chronic inflammatory arthritis.^[4]

Soutar began to study medicine at the University of Edinburgh in 1919, but switched to English. He did not excel academically, but he began to contribute to the student magazine. His first volume, Gleanings by an Undergraduate (1923), was published at his father's expense, as were several others. He began to keep a diary on 18 April 1919. During that period he made contact with Hugh MacDiarmid, then in Montrose, and with Ezra Pound. MacDiarmid at this time was abandoning poetry in English in favour of a "synthetic Scots" as a literary language compiled from dialects and from earlier writers such as Robert Henryson and William Dunbar.

Soutar's work correspondingly altered radically, and he became a leading figure of the Scottish Literary Renaissance, whom posthumous editors would dub one of the greatest poets Scotland has produced.^[5] His family adopted an orphaned cousin of his, the seven-year-old Evelyn, in 1927, and this became a spur for him to write also for children. Seeds in the Wind (1933) was a volume of "bairn-rhymes" in Scots.^[6]

By 1930 Soutar was bedridden with his disease. He died in 1943 of tuberculosis, which he had contracted in 1929. He is buried in Perth's Jeanfield and Wellshill Cemetery.^[7] A collected poems edited by MacDiarmid was published in 1948. His journal, The Diary of a Dying Man, was published posthumously. One form of verse which he used was the cinquain (now known as American cinquain),^[8] which he preferred to call epigrams.^[9] Interest in Soutar's work in Scots and English, and for adults and children, has revived considerably since the 1980s, although none of his verse was in print at the time of his centenary in 1998.^[10] In 2014 he was the subject of a BBC radio programme: The Still Life Poet by Liz Lochhead.

Benjamin Britten set twelve of Soutar's poems for tenor and piano in his 1969 song cycle Who Are These Children?.

Selected published works

• Gleanings by an Undergraduate (Paisley: Alexander Gardner, 1923)
• Brief Words. One Hundred Epigrams (Edinburgh/London: The Moray Press, 1935)
• Seeds in the Wind, Poems in Scots for Children (London: Andrew Dakers, 1943)
• Diaries of a Dying Man (Edinburgh: Canongate Press, 1954) ISBN 0-86241-347-8. In fact only a short selection.
• The Collected Poems of William Soutar, ed. Hugh McDiarmid (London: Andrew Dakers, 1948)
• Poems of William Soutar: a New Selection, ed. W. R. Aitken (Edinburgh: Scottish Academic Press, 1988) ISBN 0707305543
• The Diary of a Dying Man (Edinburgh: Chapman, 1991) ISBN 0906772311
• At the Year's Fa': Selected Poems in Scots and English (Perth: Perth & Kinross Libraries, 2001) ISBN 0905452356

External resources

• The Scottish Poetry Library site includes a handful of Soutar's poems: Retrieved 16 August 2013. More can be found here Retrieved 16 August 2013 and here Retrieved 16 August 2013.
• A sample of Soutar's cinquains.

References