Watauga, Tennessee

Watauga, Tennessee
City
Location of Watauga in Carter County, Tennessee.
Coordinates: 36°22′2″N 82°17′29″W / 36.36722°N 82.29139°W / 36.36722; -82.29139Coordinates: 36°22′2″N 82°17′29″W / 36.36722°N 82.29139°W / 36.36722; -82.29139
Country	United States
State	Tennessee
Counties	Carter, Washington
Incorporated	1960[1]
Named for	Cherokee word for "beautiful river"[2]
Area
• Total	0.83 sq mi (2.15 km2)
• Land	0.81 sq mi (2.11 km2)
• Water	0.02 sq mi (0.05 km2)
Elevation	1,453 ft (443 m)
Population (2010)
• Total	458
• Estimate (2016)[3]	350
• Density	563/sq mi (217.5/km2)
Time zone	Eastern (EST) (UTC-5)
• Summer (DST)	EDT (UTC-4)
ZIP code	37694
Area code(s)	423
FIPS code	47-78240[4]
GNIS feature ID	1327319[5]

Watauga /wəˈtɔːɡə/ is a city in Carter and Washington counties in the U.S. state of Tennessee. The population was 403 at the 2000 census and 458 at the 2010 census.^[6] It is part of the Johnson City Metropolitan Statistical Area, which is a component of the Johnson City–Kingsport–Bristol, TN-VA Combined Statistical Area – commonly known as the "Tri-Cities" region.

History

Some of the earliest European pioneers in Tennessee settled in the vicinity of Watauga in the mid-18th century. William Bean, traditionally recognized as Tennessee's first white settler, built his cabin at the mouth of Boone Creek, 7 miles (11 km) downstream from modern Watauga, in 1769.^[7] The Watauga Association, an early frontier government, operated out of nearby Elizabethton in the 1770s.

When the East Tennessee and Virginia Railroad (ET&V) was built in the 1850s, a railroad stop known as Carter's Depot, or Carter's Station, was established at what is now Watauga, where a trestle had been erected to carry the tracks across the Watauga River. Carter's Depot consisted of a water tank, several storage buildings, a telegraph office,^[8] and a post office.^[9]

The trestle at Carter's Depot held immense strategic importance during the Civil War, as the ET&V was part of a vital supply line connecting Virginia with the rest of the South. The trestle was among those targeted by the East Tennessee bridge burnings in November 1861, though the conspirators found it too heavily guarded by Confederates. In late December 1862, General Samuel P. Carter conducted a raid into the region, overwhelming the Confederate detachment at Carter's Depot before destroying the trestle.^[8] On October 1, 1864, a skirmish took place at Carter's Depot, with Union forces under General Alvan C. Gillem pushing Confederates led by John C. Vaughn across the river.^[10]

Geography

Watauga is located at 36°22′2″N 82°17′29″W / 36.36722°N 82.29139°W / 36.36722; -82.29139 (36.367305, -82.291296)^[11] along the Watauga River, at the headwaters of Boone Lake, approximately 18 miles (29 km) river miles above the river's confluence with the South Fork Holston River. The city's downtown area is located in Carter County, though its municipal boundaries extend into adjacent Washington County. Johnson City is located 5 miles (8 km) to the southwest, and Elizabethton is 5 miles (8 km) to the southeast.

According to the United States Census Bureau, the city has a total area of 0.83 square miles (2.15 km²), of which 0.81 square miles (2.11 km²) is land and 0.02 square miles (0.05 km²), or 2.11%, is water.^[6]

Demographics

As of the census^[4] of 2000, there were 403 people, 162 households, and 111 families residing in the city. The population density was 551.5 people per square mile (213.1/km²). There were 181 housing units at an average density of 247.7 per square mile (95.7/km²). The racial makeup of the city was 98.01% White, 1.74% African American, and 0.25% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 1.24% of the population.

There were 162 households out of which 27.8% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 53.1% were married couples living together, 10.5% had a female householder with no husband present, and 30.9% were non-families. 23.5% of all households were made up of individuals and 11.1% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.49 and the average family size was 2.97.

In the city, the population was spread out with 23.1% under the age of 18, 9.4% from 18 to 24, 31.0% from 25 to 44, 23.6% from 45 to 64, and 12.9% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 37 years. For every 100 females there were 92.8 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 93.8 males.

The median income for a household in the city was $28,438, and the median income for a family was $36,429. Males had a median income of $26,875 versus $17,727 for females. The per capita income for the city was $13,551. About 11.0% of families and 18.1% of the population were below the poverty line, including 36.1% of those under age 18 and 10.4% of those age 65 or over.

References

1. ↑ Tennessee Blue Book, 2005-2006, pp. 618-625.
2. ↑ Nancy Capace, Encyclopedia of Tennessee (North American Book Distributors, 2000), p. 228.
3. 1 2 "Population and Housing Unit Estimates". Retrieved June 9, 2017. 
4. 1 2 "American FactFinder". United States Census Bureau. Retrieved 2008-01-31. 
5. ↑ "US Board on Geographic Names". United States Geological Survey. 2007-10-25. Retrieved 2008-01-31. 
6. 1 2 "Geographic Identifiers: 2010 Census Summary File 1 (G001): Watauga city, Tennessee". U.S. Census Bureau, American Factfinder. Retrieved July 6, 2015. 
7. ↑ Paul Hellman, Historical Gazetteer of the United States (Taylor and Francis, 2005), p. 1016.
8. 1 2 William Garrett Piston, Carter's Raid (The Overmountain Press, 1977), p. 51.
9. ↑ List of Post Offices in the United States (John C. Rives, 1857), p. 26.
10. ↑ John David Smith, Black Soldiers in Blue: African American Troops in the Civil War Era (University of North Carolina Press, 2004), p. 208.
11. ↑ "US Gazetteer files: 2010, 2000, and 1990". United States Census Bureau. 2011-02-12. Retrieved 2011-04-23. 
12. ↑ "Census of Population and Housing: Decennial Censuses". United States Census Bureau. Retrieved 2012-03-04. 
13. ↑ "Incorporated Places and Minor Civil Divisions Datasets: Subcounty Resident Population Estimates: April 1, 2010 to July 1, 2012". Population Estimates. U.S. Census Bureau. Retrieved 11 December 2013.