Wonnarua
| Wonnarua people | |
|---|---|
| aka: Wonnuaruah/Wonarua/Wannerawa[1] | |
|
Hunter Region bioregion | |
| Hierarchy | |
| Language family: | Pama–Nyungan |
| Language branch: | Yuin–Kuric |
| Language group: | (??) |
| Group dialects: | Hunter River and Lake Macquarrie Language (Awabakal-Wanarruwa)[2] |
| Area (approx. 5,200 sq. km) | |
| Bioregion: | Hunter Region |
| Location: | Upper Hunter Valley, New South Wales |
| Coordinates: | 32°35′S 150°50′E / 32.583°S 150.833°ECoordinates: 32°35′S 150°50′E / 32.583°S 150.833°E[1] |
| Mountains: | |
| Rivers | |
| Other geological: | Yengo National Park[5] |
| Notable individuals | |
| Jackey Jackey | |
The Wonnarua people /hwənʊərjuːɑːr/, otherwise written Wanarruwa are a group of indigenous people of Australia united by a common language, strong ties of kinship and survived as skilled hunter–fisher–gatherers in family groups or clans scattered along the inland area of what is now known as the Upper Hunter Valley, New South Wales, Australia. Their creation spirit is Baiami, also known as Koin, the creator of all things and the Keeper of the Valley.[7]
Language
The Wonnarua people appeared to use a similar language to the Awabakal people, called Awabakal language, that is being reviewed by oral historians and linguists in order to develop a comprehensive dictionary of the language of the Hunter River and Lake Macquarie regions.[8] However, it has also been claimed that the language of the Wonnarua people is more closely linked to the Darkinjung language.[3]
Country
Their traditional territory, estimated to comprise an area extending over 2,000 sq. milers, spreads from the Upper Hunter River, above Maitland west to the Great Dividing Range, towards Wollombi.[1] The Wonnarua were bounded to the south by the Awabakal, to the north–west by the Nganyaywana, to the north–east by the Awabakal, and to the south–east by the Worimi peoples. The Wonnarua also had trade and ceremonial links with the Kamilaroi people.
People
The Gringai were a clan of the Wonnarua,[1] whose traditional lands are the Allyn River valley.[9]
Native title
On behalf of the Plains Clans of the Wonnarua People, Scott Franks and Anor put in a native title claim on 19 August 2013.[10] The document claimed rights over an area of roughly 9,500 sq.kilometres, embracing the catchment zone within the Great Dividing Range, the Liverpool Range, and the major rivers coming out of the Barringtons, under Yango. The claim included Singleton, Muswellbrook, Dungog, Maitland, and the shire council lands of the Upper Hunter.[11] The legitimacy of the claim was recognized in January 2015 and duly registered in order to have a Federal Court deliberate over the claim and to make a determination.[12][4]
Notable Wonnarua people
- Jackey Jackey – a guide and companion to surveyor Edmund Kennedy.[7]
Alternative names
- Wonnuaruah/Wonarua
- Wannerawa[1]
Notes and references
Explanatory notes
Notes
- 1 2 3 4 5 6 Tindale 1974.
- ↑ Hobson 2010, p. 110.
- 1 2 Miller & 1886–1887, pp. 352–357.
- 1 2 McCarthy 2015.
- 1 2 Strategic Plan 2009–2019.
- ↑ Frick 2014.
- 1 2 Maitland History: Wonnarua People.
- ↑ Lissarrague 2006.
- ↑ Wafer 2014, p. 63.
- ↑ Franks & Lester 2013.
- ↑ Meet the Mob 2015.
- ↑ Newcastle Herald 2015.
References
- "EDITORIAL:Wonnarua native title claim". The Newcastle Herald. 16 January 2015.
- Franks, Scott; Lester, Robert John (19 August 2013). "Scott Franks and Anor on behalf of the Plains Clans of the Wonnarua People". National Native Title Tribunal.
- Frick, Erin (6 March 2014). "Heritage listing for NSW Aboriginal cave". Australian Geographic.
- Hobson, John Robert (2010). Re-awakening Languages: Theory and Practice in the Revitalisation of Australia's Indigenous Languages. Sydney University Press. ISBN 978-1-920-89955-4.
- Lissarrague, Amanda (2006). "Wonnarua (NSW)" (PDF). A salvage grammar and wordlist of the language from the Hunter River and Lake Macquarie. Muurrbay Aboriginal Language and Culture Cooperative. ISBN 0-9775351-0-X.
- "Maitland History: Wonnarua People". Australian Museum of Clothing and Textiles. Retrieved 12 May 2012.
- McCarthy, Joanne (16 January 2015). "Native Title Game-changer for Coal". The Newcastle Herald.
- "Meet the Mob: Scott Franks". ABC News, Newcastle. 12 June 2015.
- Miller, Robert (1886–1887). "No. 188 The Hunter River" (PDF). In Curr, Edward. The Australian race: its origins, languages, customs, place of landing in Australia, and the routes by which it spread itself over that continent. 3. Melbourne: Government Printer. pp. 352–357.
- "Strategic Plan 2009–2019" (PDF). Wonnarua Nation Aboriginal Corporation. Retrieved 13 May 2012.
- Tindale, Norman Barnett (1974). "Wonnarua (NSW)". Aboriginal Tribes of Australia: Their Terrain, Environmental Controls, Distribution, Limits, and Proper Names. Australian National University Press. ISBN 978-0-708-10741-6.
- Wafer, Jim (2014). "Placenames as a guide to language distribution in the Upper Hunter, and the landnám problem in Australian toponomastics". In Clark, Ian D.; Hercus, Luise; Kostanski, Laura. Indigenous and Minority Placenames Australian and International Perspectives. Australilan National University. pp. 57–82.
Further reading
- Galvin, Eleanor, ed. (May 2008). "Selected bibliography of material on the Wonnarua / Wanaruah language and people held in the AIATSIS Library" (PDF). Australian Institute of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Studies. Retrieved 16 May 2010.
- Miller, James (1985). "About the Wonnarua" (PDF). Koori: A Will To Win. Angus & Robertson.
External links
- Wonnarua Nation Aboriginal Corporation website
- Wonnarua Nation Aboriginal Corporation Strategic Plan 2009–2012