Wall of death

Wild Wheels Thrill Arena

The audience looks on as the stunt rider passes nearby

The Wall of Death, motordrome, silodrome^[1] or Well of Death (aka "Maut ka Kuaa", India) is a carnival sideshow featuring a silo- or barrel-shaped wooden cylinder, typically ranging from 20 to 36 feet (6.1 to 11.0 m) in diameter and made of wooden planks, inside which motorcyclists, or the drivers of miniature automobiles, travel along the vertical wall and perform stunts, held in place by friction^[2] and centrifugal force.

Overview

Hazel Watkins, who performed with Hager's Wall of Death in the 1920s

Derived directly from United States motorcycle board track (motordrome) racing in the early 1900s, the very first carnival motordrome appeared at Coney Island amusement park (New York) in 1911. The following year portable tracks began to appear on traveling carnivals. By 1915 the first "silodromes" with vertical walls appeared and were soon dubbed the "Wall of Death," the very first mention being Bridson Greene's unit in Buffalo, New York.^[3] Although not a silo-drome, the large combination motordrome at the 1915 Panama Pacific International Exposition included a perfectly vertical section at the top that was used by both car and motorcycle riders.^[4]

The motorcycles most widely used were the first generation Indian Scout models (pre-1928) with 37 cu. in. displacement. This carnival attraction became a staple in the United States outdoor entertainment industry with the phenomenon reaching its zenith in the 1930s, with more than 100 motordromes on traveling shows and in amusement parks.

The audience views from the top of the drum, looking down. The riders start at the bottom of the drum, in the centre, and ascend an initial ramped section until they gain enough speed to drive horizontally to the floor, usually in a counter-clockwise direction (the physical explanation behind this act is found at Banked turn and The turning car.) In the United States the American Motor Drome Company uses several vintage Indian Scout Motorcycles from the 20s to give the audience a view of how these shows were done in their heyday. The American Motor Drome Company is the only Wall of Death to have two riders Inducted into the Sturgis Motorcycle Hall of Fame Jay Lightnin' (2014) and Samantha Morgan (2006). In 2015 the Indian Motorcycle company chose the American Motor Drome Company to preview the new 2015 Indian Scout to the world by putting it on their wall along with the 1926 and 1927 Indians that were regularly used in their show. The newest Wall of Death Show in the United States is the 'Wild Wheels Thrill Arena' which will be performing in the Traditional Style of the Carnival Midway Shows.

This act also became popular in the United Kingdom, and often is seen at fairs. In the 2000s, there remain only few touring Walls of Death. "The Demon Drome",^[5] "Messhams Wall of Death" and the "Ken Fox Troupe".^[6] These acts feature original American Indian motorcycles which have been in use since the 1920s. A similar act called the "Globe of Death" has the riders looping inside a wire mesh sphere rather than a drum. This form of motorcycle entertainment had a separate and distinct evolution from carnival motordromes and derived from bicycle acts or "cycle whirls" in the early 1900s.

On 28 March 2016, Guy Martin (successful Isle of Man TT Racer) set the world record for the wall of death. He reached a speed of 78.150 mph (125.770 km/h) during a live broadcast Guy Martin's Wall of Death on UK television Channel 4.

India

A Maruti 800 performing inside the Well of Death. It is able to sustain its grip on the wall by virtue of friction and centrifugal force

In India, the show is also known as the Well of Death (Hindi: मौत का कुआँ (maut kā kuām̥), Punjabi: ਮੌਤ ਦਾ ਖੂਹ (maut dā khūh)) and can be seen in the various melas (fairs) held across the country.^[7] Apart from motorcycles, the act may also feature other vehicles such as automobiles, as performed regularly in Adilabad in India since 2005.^[8]

The show involves a temporary cylindrical structure about 25 feet high and 30 feet in diameter, or wider when cars are to be involved, built of hardwood planks. The audience stands upon the platform built around the circumference of the structure and gaze down into the well where the motorcyclists or cars drive.^[9][10][11]

United Kingdom

The first Wall of Death in the British Isles appeared in Southend during June 1929 at the Kursaal Amusement Park, one of the world's first amusement parks, and featured motorcycles on a 20 ft wooden wall. The first riders were husband and wife, Billy and Marjorie Ward who had previously been touring with the show in South Africa where they were seen by Malcolm Campbell. In the UK, Kursaal and George 'Tornado' Smith became synonymous with the sideshow. By the mid-1930s, there were 50 such shows touring the counties and stunts, with Riders like Arthur Brannon and included riding sidecars with animals on board including a lioness but WWII put a temporary end to the shows. A few were restarted after the war and the Todd Family Wall of Death was featured at the Festival of Britain in 1951, with Frank Senior, George, Jack, Bob and Frank Junior riding. Women riders often performed with them, Including Gladys Soutter thought to be the first woman rider in England and later her sister Winniefred (Wyn ) Soutter who went on to marry George Todd also a wall rider. Woman continue to do so to this day.^[12][13]

In popular culture

A specially adapted 'Wall of Death' Indian motorcycle

Wall of Death performances have appeared in various films including Spare a Copper (1941), There Is Another Sun (1951; titled The Wall of Death in the US), Scotland Yard: The Wall of Death (1956), Roustabout (1964), The Lickerish Quartet (1970), Eat the Peach (1986), and My House in Umbria (2003).

A short-length Greek documentary film on the practice in Greece, "Ο γύρος του θανάτου" ("The Spin of Death"), released in 2004, made the rounds of various film festivals in the country.^[14]

An earlier full-length feature Greek film of the same name, produced in 1983, features a protagonist who does the Wall of Death at the local carnival grounds; the film became a cult classic.^[15]

The song "Wall of Death" by Richard and Linda Thompson, can be found on their album Shoot Out the Lights and is sometimes sung by Richard Thompson in his live performances. The song lyrics are about the singer's desire to "ride on the Wall of Death one more time," saying not to waste time on the other (carnival) rides, because the Wall of Death "is the nearest to being alive."^[16]

The Irish-American band Gaelic Storm references the Wall of Death in their song "Cyclone McLusky" from the 2010 album Cabbage.

In The Simpsons Movie, Homer makes use of the same scientific principles as the wall of death when riding a motorbike around the dome encasing Springfield.

The British band Django Django's music video for their song WOR was filmed at a Well of Death show at the Maha Kumbh Mela Grounds in Allahabad and features interviews with some of the drivers.

A wall of death photo was one of National Geographic's most popular photos from 2009.^[17]

References

• Riders of the Maut Ka Kuan

Further reading

• Ford, Allan, and Corble, Nick, Riding the Wall of Death, 2006, Tempus Publishing (ISBN 0-7524-3791-7)
• Ford, Allan, and Corble, Nick You Can't Wear Out An Indian Scout - Indians and the Wall of Death, 2009, Amberley Publishing (ISBN 978-1848680944)
• Gaylin, David, The Harley-Davidson Reader, Motorbooks (ISBN 978-0-7603-2591-9)