Waco 10
| Waco 10 | |
|---|---|
 | |
| Waco 10 giving joy rides. | |
| Role | light passenger transport |
| Manufacturer | Advance Aircraft Waco Aircraft Company |
| Designer | Charles Meyers |
| First flight | 1927 |
| Introduction | 1927 |
| Produced | 1927–1933 |
| Number built | 1,623 |
| Unit cost |
$2,145 minus engine & prop |
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The Waco 10/GXE/Waco O series was a range of three-seat open-cockpit biplanes built by the Advance Aircraft Company, later the Waco Aircraft Company.
Design and development
The Waco 10 was a larger span development of the Waco 9, both single-engined three-seat single-bay biplanes constructed around steel-tube frames. The wing covering was fabric, and both upper and lower planes carried ailerons, which were strut linked. The two passengers sat side by side in a cockpit under the upper wing and ahead of the pilot, who had a separate cockpit. It had a split-axle fixed undercarriage and a tailwheel. The main undercarriage was fitted with hydraulic shock absorbers, unusual at the time on a light aircraft. The fin could be trimmed on the ground to offset engine torque, and the tailplane could be trimmed in flight. Initially it was powered by a Curtiss OX-5 water-cooled 90° V-8 engine producing 90 hp (67 kW).
Its first flight was in 1927. It was numerically the most important type to be built by Waco, with at least 1,623 built over a period of 7 years from 1927 to 1933 and was fitted with a very large variety of engines of radial and V configuration.
Operational history
The Waco 10 turned out to have excellent handling, and there was a ready supply of war-surplus Curtiss engines. It was widely used for the popularisation of aeronautics through barnstorming and joyrides, and was also much used as a trainer and by small operators for charter flights.
Survivors and aircraft on display
Variants
In 1928, after the Waco 10 had entered production, Waco changed its designation system so that the basic model 10, powered by a 90 hp (67 kW) Curtiss OX-5 engine became the GXE. The OX-5 was also used in the Waco 9, and this led to the confusing popular description of both aircraft as Waco 90, after the power.
Later aircraft used a three-letter designation, the first denoting the engine, the second, S or T meaning Straight or Tapered wing and the final O indicating it belongs to the Waco O series for open cockpit. An -A suffix indicated an armed variant intended for export.
| Early name | post 1928 name | Popular/ alternative name | engine | power (hp) | power (kW) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 10 | GXE | 90 | Curtiss OX-5 | 90 | 67 |
| 10-W | ASO | 220-T | Wright J-5 | 220 | 164 |
| ATO | Wright J-5 | 220 | 164 | ||
| BSO | BS-165 | Wright R-540A | 165 | 123 | |
| BSO-A | Wright R-540A | 165 | 123 | ||
| CSO | C-225 | Wright R-760 | 225 | 168 | |
| CTO | Wright R-760 | 225 | 168 | ||
| 10-H | DSO | Hispano-Suiza 8A or E | 150/180 | 112/134 | |
| HSO | Packard DR-980 Diesel | 225 | 168 | ||
| HTO | Packard DR-980 Diesel | 225 | 168 | ||
| JTO | Wright R-975 | 300 | 225 | ||
| JYO | Wright R-975 | 300 | 225 | ||
| KSO | Kinner K-5 | 100 | 75 | ||
| OSO | Kinner C-5 | 210 | 157 | ||
| PSO | Jacobs LA-1 | 140/170 | 127/104 | ||
| QSO | Continental A-70 | 165 | 123 | ||
| RSO | Warner Scarab | 110 | 82 | ||
| 240-A | Continental W-670 | 240 | 179 |
Apart from the Curtiss and Hispano-Suiza, all of these engines were air-cooled radials.
Other engines were fitted experimentally, without unique designations, including Rausie, Siemans, and the 115 hp (86 kW) Milwaukee Tank engine. This was an air-cooled version of the Curtiss OX-5, and was intended as an aircraft engine.
Two mailplane derivatives from the O series (types JYM and JWM) were single seaters with a 14" stretch in the fuselage.
In the 1990s The WACO Aircraft Company of Quillayute Airport in Forks, Washington offered a kit version of the ATO model, featuring completely re-drawn plans, a book of plans for the small parts and an instruction manual.[20]
The WACO 240-A was a straight-wing fighter, built for export, powered by 240 hp Wright engine. At least six were bought by Cantonese Chinese aviation. They were armed with twin .30 Browning machine guns and had racks for five 25 lb or two 100 lb bombs.[21]
There was also an export model WACO Pursuit 300T-A, with 300 hp Wright or Wasp Jr engine.[21]
Specifications (Waco GXE)
Data from Aerofiles[22]
General characteristics
- Crew: one
- Capacity: two passengers
- Payload: 825 pounds (including pilot, fuel and oil) (374 kg)
- Length: 23 ft 6 in (7.16 m)
- Wingspan: 30 ft 7 in (9.32 m)
- Height: 9 ft 0 in (2.74 m)
- Airfoil: Aeromarine 2A
- Empty weight: 1199 lb (545 kg)
- Loaded weight: 2025 lb (920 kg)
- Powerplant: 1 × Curtiss OX-5, 90 hp (67 kW)
Performance
- Maximum speed: 97 mph (156 km/h)
- Cruise speed: 84 mph (135 km/h)
- Stall speed: 37 mph (60 km/h)
- Range: 380 miles (610 km)
- Rate of climb: 500 ft/min (2.54 m/s)
References
Notes
- 1 2 3 4 "Historic Aircraft Restoration Museum". Fairchild24.com. Retrieved 2012-08-07.
- ↑ "Waco 10 (GXE) – Canada Aviation and Space Museum". Aviation.technomuses.ca. Retrieved 2012-08-07.
- ↑ "1928 Waco GXE Eagles Mere Air Museum". eaglesmereairmuseum.org/index.shtml. Retrieved 2014-03-21.
- ↑ Scott Rose, warbirdsresourcegroup.org (2002-03-18). "Vintage Registry - A Warbirds Resource Group Site - Waco". Vintage.warbirdregistry.org. Retrieved 2012-08-07.
- ↑ Federal Aviation Administration (August 2012). "Make / Model Inquiry Results N5852". Retrieved 7 August 2012.
- ↑ "WACO GXE - Western Antique Aeroplane & Automobile Museum". Waaamuseum.org. Retrieved 2013-08-05.
- ↑ Pilot, December 2011, p.49
- ↑ Federal Aviation Administration (August 2012). "Make / Model Inquiry Results N8529". Retrieved 7 August 2012.
- ↑ "Waco 10/ATO". Airventuremuseum.org. Retrieved 2012-08-07.
- ↑ "** Master Aircraft List **". Airventuremuseum.org. Retrieved 2012-08-07.
- ↑ "WACO ATO "Taperwing" - Western Antique Aeroplane & Automobile Museum". Waaamuseum.org. Retrieved 2013-08-05.
- ↑ Transport Canada (August 2012). "Canadian Civil Aircraft Register". Retrieved 7 August 2012.
- ↑ "WACO Taperwing A.T.O. > Vintage Wings of Canada". Vintagewings.ca. Retrieved 2012-08-07.
- ↑ Federal Aviation Administration (August 2012). "Make / Model Inquiry Results N13918". Retrieved 7 August 2012.
- ↑ "WACO CTO "Taper Wing" - Western Antique Aeroplane & Automobile Museum". Waaamuseum.org. Retrieved 2013-08-05.
- ↑ Historic Aircraft Restoration Museum, Museum Hangar 1, John Cournoyer's Wonderful Wacos, retrieved 5 August 2013
- ↑ "WACO CSO - Western Antique Aeroplane & Automobile Museum". Waaamuseum.org. Retrieved 2013-08-05.
- ↑ "Where is it now. Collections from the Former Ohio History of Flight Museum". Ohio History Connnection Blog. Ohio History Connection. Retrieved 21 June 2017.
- ↑ "WACO DSO - Western Antique Aeroplane & Automobile Museum". Waaamuseum.org. Retrieved 2013-08-05.
- ↑ Purdy, Don: AeroCrafter - Homebuilt Aircraft Sourcebook, Fifth Edition, page 288. BAI Communications, 15 July 1998. ISBN 0-9636409-4-1
- 1 2 Forman, Harrison. American warplanes in China, "Popular aviation" September 1934, pp.151-152
- ↑ Aerofiles (April 2009). "Waco". Retrieved 2009-06-10.
Bibliography
- Aerofiles
- Juptner, Joseph P. U.S. Civil Aircraft Vol. 1 Los Angeles, California: Aero Publishers, Inc., 1962. Library of Congress # 62-15967.
- Brandly, Raymond H. Waco Aircraft Production 1923-1942 Troy, Ohio: Waco Aircraft Co., 1986 (2nd Edition). ISBN 0-9602734-5-X, ISBN 978-0-9602734-5-4
- Kobernuss, Fred O. Waco - Symbol of Courage and Excellence unk : Mystic Bay Publisher, 1999. ISBN 1-887961-01-1.
External links
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