William Hurrell Mallock

William H. Mallock

Cabinet card of Mallock, by Elliott & Fry, circa 1880's.
Born William Hurrell Mallock
(1849-02-07)7 February 1849
Cheriton Bishop, Devon
Died 2 April 1923(1923-04-02) (aged 74)
Wincanton, Somerset
Nationality British
Alma mater Balliol College, Oxford
Occupation Novelist, sociologist, lecturer and economist
Parent(s) Rev. William Mallock and Margaret Froude
Relatives William Froude, Richard Hurrell Froude, James Anthony Froude, Mary Margaret Mallock (sister)

William Hurrell Mallock (7 February 1849 – 2 April 1923) was an English novelist and economics writer.

Biography

"Is life worth living?"
W. H. Mallock as caricatured by Spy in Vanity Fair, December 30, 1882.

A nephew of the historian Froude,[1] he was educated privately and then at Balliol College, Oxford. He won the Newdigate Prize in 1872 for his poem The Isthmus of Suez[2] and took a second class in the final classical schools in 1874, securing his Bachelor of Arts degree from Oxford University. Mallock never entered a profession, though at one time he considered the diplomatic service. He attracted considerable attention by his satirical novel, largely a symposium like Plato's Republic, The New Republic (1877),[3][4][5] conceived while he was a student at Oxford, in which he introduced characters easily recognized as such prominent individuals as Benjamin Jowett, Matthew Arnold, Violet Fane, Thomas Carlyle,[6] and Thomas Henry Huxley.[7] Although the book was not well received by critics at first,[8] it did cause instant scandal, particularly concerning the portrait of literary scholar Walter Pater:[9]

His [Pater's] first main work, Studies in the History of the Renaissance was published in 1873. Over the next three or four years it became the focus of considerable hostility towards Pater, principally reviewers objected to its amoral hedonism. Moreover, Pater was the subject of a cruel satire in W. H. Mallock's The New Republic which was published in Belgravia in 1876-7 and in book form in 1877. He appeared there as 'Mr. Rose'—an effete, impotent, sensualist with a perchant for erotic literature and beautiful young men. In the second edition of the Renaissance the 'Conclusion' was removed, partly in response to the public ridicule, but mainly because of pressure brought to bear on Pater within Oxford by figures such as Benjamin Jowett. In particular, the discovery of his 'relationship' with William Money Hardinge, a Balliol undergraduate, threatened Pater with a sexual scandal.[10]
Mallock later in life.

Mallock's book appeared during the competition for the Oxford Professorship of Poetry and played a role in convincing Pater to remove himself from consideration.[11][12][13] A few months later Pater published what may have been a subtle riposte: "A Study of Dionysus: The Spiritual Form of Fire and Dew."[14] "Mallock's New Republic was an essential book to Ronald [Knox], perhaps his favourite work of secular literature outside the classics."[15]

His keen logic and gift for acute exposition and criticism were displayed in later years both in fiction and in controversial works. In a series of books dealing with religious questions he insisted on dogma as the basis of religion and on the impossibility of founding religion on purely scientific data. In Is Life Worth Living?[16] (1879) and the satirical novel The New Paul and Virginia (1878) he attacked positivist theories[17][18] and defended the Roman Catholic Church;[19][20][21][22] one of his uncles, Hurrell Froude, had been a founder of the Oxford Movement.

In a volume on the intellectual position of the Church of England, Doctrine and Doctrinal Disruption (1900), he advocated the necessity of a strictly defined creed. Later volumes on similar topics were Religion as a Credible Doctrine (1903) and The Reconstruction of Belief (1905). He also authored articles, being a frequent contributor to many newspapers and magazines, including The Forum, National Review, Public Opinion, Contemporary Review, and Harper’s Weekly. One in particular, directed against Thomas Huxley's agnosticism, appeared in the April 1889 issue of The Fortnightly Review,[23] being Mallock's response to a controversy between, among others, Huxley and the Bishop of Peterborough.[24]

He published several works on economics,[25] directed against radical and socialist[26] theories: Social Equality (1882), Property and Progress (1884), Labor and the Popular Welfare (1893), Classes and Masses (1896), Aristocracy and Evolution (1898), and A Critical Examination of Socialism (1908) – and later visited the United States in order to deliver a series of lectures[27][28][29][30][31][32][33] on the subject:

The Civic Federation of New York, an influential body which aims, in various ways, at harmonising apparently divergent industrial interests in America, having decided on supplementing its other activities by a campaign of political and economic education, invited me, at the beginning of the year 1907, to initiate a scientific discussion of socialism in a series of lectures or speeches, to be delivered under the auspices of certain of the great Universities in the United States. This invitation I accepted, but, the project being a new one, some difficulty arose as to the manner in which it might best be carried out – whether the speeches or lectures should in each case be new, dealing with some fresh aspect of the subject, or whether they should be arranged in a single series to be repeated without substantial alteration in each of the cities visited by me. The latter plan was ultimately adopted, as tending to render the discussion of the subject more generally comprehensible to each local audience. A series of five lectures,[34][35] substantially the same, was accordingly delivered by me in New York, Cambridge, Chicago, Philadelphia, and Baltimore.[36]

Among his anti-socialist works should be classed his novel, The Old Order Changes (1886). His other novels are A Romance of the Nineteenth Century (1881), A Human Document (1892), The Heart of Life (1895), Tristram Lacy (1899), The Veil of the Temple (1904), and An Immortal Soul (1908).

Mallock is given prominent space in Russell Kirk's The Conservative Mind:[37]

How is one to sum up the work of W. H. Mallock, which fills twenty-seven volumes, exclusive of ephemerae? Mallock is remembered chiefly for one book, The New Republic, and that his first, composed while he still was at Oxford – "the most brilliant novel ever written by an undergraduate," says Professor Tillotson, justly.[38] (It is also the most brilliant accomplishment in its genre, after Thomas Love Peacock; and perhaps it is equal to Peacock at his best.) But other books of Mallock's are worth looking into still — his theological and philosophical studies, his didactic novels, his zealous volumes of political expostulation and social statistics, even his books of verse.

"He had astonishing acuteness, great argumentative power, wide and accurate knowledge, excellent style," Saintsbury says of Mallock. "He might have seemed — he did seem, I believe, to some – to have in him the making of an Aristophanes or a Swift of not so much lessened degree... And yet after the chiefly scandalous success of The New Republic he never 'came off.' To attribute this to the principles he advocated is to nail on those who dislike those principles their own favourite gibe of 'the stupid party.' We know brains when we see them, even if they belong to the enemy. Exactly what was the flaw, the rot, the 'dram of eale,' I do not know – it lay in faults of taste and temper, perhaps."[39] In the past two or three years, interest in Mallock has revived somewhat, probably stimulated by that conservative revival for which Mallock hoped, and the lines of which he predicted. Is Life Worth Living?, Social Equality, and The Limits of Pure Democracy, together with Mallock's charming autobiography, are especially deserving of attention from anyone interested in the conservative mind. Mallock died in 1923, half forgotten even then; but he has had no equal among English conservative thinkers since. He spent his life in a struggle against moral and political radicalism: for bulk and thoroughness, quite aside from Mallock's gifts of wit and style, his work is unexcelled among the body of conservative writings in any country.

By inheritance a country gentleman of ancient family, by inclination a poet, Mallock turned himself into a pamphleteer and a statistician on the Benthamite pattern, all for the sake of the old English life that he describes lovingly in his Memoirs of Life and Literature – the splendid houses, the good talk, the wines and dinners, the tranquillity of immemorial ways. This may be the conservatism of enjoyment, but Mallock defended it by the conservatism of the intellect. For its sake he spent his life among blue-books and reports of the income-tax commissioners; he accomplished unassisted what the research staff of the Conservative Political Centre now carries on as a body. "Throughout almost all his books is to be noticed the aspiration after a Truth which will give the soul something more than 'a dusty answer'; it is everywhere evident," says Sir John Squire. In the search for this truth, he assailed some of the most formidable personages of his day – Huxley, Spencer, Jowett, Kidd, Webb, Shaw.[40] And none of these writers, not even Bernard Shaw, came off well from a bout with Mallock.

In boyhood, Mallock "unconsciously assumed in effect, if not in so many words, that any revolt or protest against the established order was indeed an impertinence, but was otherwise of no great importance." His first aspiration as a conservative was the restoration of classical taste in poetry. But as he grew, he came to realize "that the whole order of things—literary, religious, and social—which the classical poetry assumed, and which I had previously taken as impregnable, was being assailed by forces which it was impossible any longer to ignore." He turned to the defense of orthodox religion against the positivists and other worshippers of skeptical science.[41]
Mallock, by Elliott & Fry.

He published a volume of Poems in 1880. His 1878 book Lucretius included some verse translations from the Roman poet, which he followed with Lucretius on Life and Death in 1900, a book of verse paraphrases in a style modeled after the Rubaiyat of Omar Khayyam by Edward FitzGerald. (A second edition was issued in 1910.)

Ironically, this last work came to be highly regarded by freethinkers and other religious skeptics. Corliss Lamont includes portions of the third canto in his A Humanist Funeral Service. Mallock himself, in his introduction, seems to be offering it, somewhat condescendingly, for the use of such non-Christians when he writes:

Those, however, who... are adherents of the principles which [Lucretius] shares with the latest scientists of to-day, can hardly find the only hope which is open to them expressed by any writer with a loftier and more poignant dignity than that with which they will find it expressed by the Roman disciple of Epicurus.[42]

Artist Tom Phillips used Mallock's A Human Document as the basis for his project A Humument,[43] in which he took a copy of the novel and constructed a work of art using its pages.[44]

Trivia

The popular English novelist Ouida (Maria Louise Ramé) dedicated her book of essays Views and Opinions (1895) to Mallock — "To W. H. Mallock. As a slight token of personal regard and intellectual admiration."[45]

Works

As editor

Articles

Translations

See also

References

  1. ↑ "Mallock, William Hurrell." In: New American Supplement to the Latest Edition of the Encyclopædia Britannica, Vol. IV, Ed. by Day Otis Kellog. New York: The Werner Company, 1897, p. 1976.
  2. ↑ Mallock, William H. (1871). The Isthmus of Suez. Oxford: T. Shrimpton & Son.
  3. ↑ Russell, Frances Theresa (1920). Satire in the Victorian Novel. New York: The Macmillan Company.
  4. ↑ Sewall, John S. (1879). "The New Era of Intolerance," New Englander and Yale Review, Vol. XXXVIII, No. 150, pp. 339–349.
  5. ↑ Daiches, David (1951). "Malicious Panorama of Late Victorian Thought," New Republic, Vol. 124, No. 9, p. 26.
  6. ↑ Cumming, Mark (2004). "Mallock, William Hurrell." In: The Carlyle Encyclopedia. Fairleigh Dickinson University Press, p. 333.
  7. ↑ Patrick, J. Max (1956). "The Portrait of Huxley in Mallock’s ‘New Republic’," Nineteenth Century Fiction, Vol. XI, No. 1, pp. 61–69.
  8. ↑ Margolis, John D. (1967). "W. H. Mallock's The New Republic: A Study in Late Victorian Satire," English Literature in Transition, 1880-1920, Vol. 10, No. 1, pp. 10–25.
  9. ↑ In the words of James Huneker: "rather cruelly treated." — "On Rereading Mallock." In: Unicorns. New York: Charles Scribner's Sons, 1917, p. 153.
  10. ↑ Guy, Josephine M. (1998). The Victorian Age: An Anthology of Sources and Documents. London: Routledge.
  11. ↑ Greenslet, Ferris (1905). "Oxford." In: Walter Pater. New York: McClure, Phillips & Co., pp. 17–37.
  12. ↑ Wright, Thomas (1907). "The New Republic." In: The Life of Walter Pater. New York: G.P. Putnam's Sons, pp. 10–18.
  13. ↑ Thomas, Edward (1913). "Middle Life." In: Walter Pater: A Critical Study. London: Martin Secker, pp. 41–53.
  14. ↑ Pater, Walter Horatio (1876). "A Study of Dionysus: The Spiritual Form of Fire and Dew," Fortnightly Review, Vol. XX, No. 120, pp. 752–772 (Rep. in Greek Studies; a Series of Essays. London: Macmillan & Co., 1920, pp. 9–52).
  15. ↑ Evelyn Waugh (1959), Ronald Knox: A Biography, 1988 reprint, London: Cassell, Book III, "The Hidden Stream", Ch. 1, "Nova Conspersio 1917-1926", p. 188, ISBN 0-304-31475-7 .
  16. ↑ Jacobi, Mary Putnam (1879). The Value of Life; a Reply to Mr. Mallock's Essay "Is Life Worth Living"? New York: G. P. Putnam's Sons.
  17. ↑ Lucas, John (1966). "Tilting at the Moderns: W.H. Mallock’s Criticism of the Positivist Spirit," Renaissance and Modern Studies, Vol. X, No. 1, pp. 88–143.
  18. ↑ Christensen, John M. (1978). "New Atlantis Revisited: Science and the Victorian Tale of the Future," Science Fiction Studies, Vol. V, No. 3, pp. 243–249.
  19. ↑ Reynolds, Henry Robert (1878). "Mr. Mallock's Claim on Behalf of the Church of Rome," The Contemporary Review, Vol. XXXII, pp. 626–638.
  20. ↑ Conder, Eustace R. (1878). "The Faith of the Future," The Contemporary Review, Vol. XXXII, pp. 638–646.
  21. ↑ Onahan, Mary Josephine (1893). "Why Not the Pope, Mr. Mallock?," The Globe, Vol. IV, No. 13, pp. 468–472.
  22. ↑ "Catholicism and Mr. W. H. Mallock", The Dublin Review, Vol. XXXII, No. 2, April, 1879, pp. 261–280.
  23. ↑ "'Cowardly Agnosticism,' A Word With Prof. Huxley," [reprinted in Popular Science Monthly, Volume 35, June 1889, pp. 225–251].
  24. ↑ Christianity and Agnosticism: A Controversy. New York: Humboldt Publishing Co., 1889.
  25. ↑ Lynd, Helen Merrill (1945). England in the Eighteen Eighties. London: Oxford University Press, pp. 74–76.
  26. ↑ Ford, D. J. (1974). "W. H. Mallock and Socialism in England, 1880-1918." In: Kenneth D. Brown (ed.), Essays in Anti-Labor History: Responses to the Rise of Labor in Britain. London: Archon Books, pp. 317–342.
  27. ↑ Scudder, M. E. (1907). "Mr. Mallock on Socialism," The Independent, Vol. LXII, No. 3038, pp. 448–449.
  28. ↑ "Socialistic Fallacies," The Argus, 29 June 1907, p. 7.
  29. ↑ "Socialism Impractical, W.H. Mallock Declares," The New York Times, 10 February 1907.
  30. ↑ "Mallock Talks on Socialism," The New York Times, 13 February 1907.
  31. ↑ Wilshire, Gaylord (1907). "What Socialism Gives to Genius," The New York Times, February 16, p. 6.
  32. ↑ Wilshire, Gaylord (1907). "The Individual and Society," The New York Times, February 20, p. 8.
  33. ↑ "Socialism Based on a Fallacy," The New York Times, 20 February 1907.
  34. ↑ Mallock, William H. (1907). Socialism. New York: The National Civic Federation.
  35. ↑ Hillquit, Morris (1907). Mr. Mallock's "Ability". New York: Socialist Literature Co.
  36. ↑ Mallock, William H. (1908). A Critical Examination of Socialism. London: John Murray, p. vii.
  37. ↑ Cheek, Lee (2012). "W. H. Mallock Revisited," The Imaginative Conservative, January 3.
  38. ↑ Tillotson, Geoffrey (1951). Criticism and the Nineteenth Century. London: Athlone Press, p. 124.
  39. ↑ Sainstsbury, George (1923). A Second Scrap Book. London: Macmillan & Co., pp. 178–180.
  40. ↑ Fuchs, James (1926). The Socialism of Shaw. New York: Vanguard Press.
  41. ↑ Kirk, Russell (1960). The Conservative Mind. Chicago: Henry Regnery Company, pp. 450–452.
  42. ↑ Mallock (1900), p. xxi.
  43. ↑ Phillips, Tom (1980). A Humument: A Treated Victorian Novel, London: Thames and Hudson.
  44. ↑ Traister, Daniel. "W.H. Mallock and A Human Document," at Humument.com.
  45. ↑ Ouida (1895). Views and Opinions. London: Methuen & Co.
  46. ↑ Qualls, Barry V. (1978). "W.H. Mallock's Every Man his Own Poet," Victorian Poetry, Vol. XVI, pp. 176–187.
  47. ↑ "A Criticism of 'The New Paul and Virginia'," The Popular Science Monthly, Supplement, 1878, pp. 475–477.
  48. ↑ "Is Life Worth Living?, by William Hurrell Mallock," The Century Magazine, September 1879, pp. 788–789.
  49. ↑ French edition La Vie Vaut-elle la Peine de Vivre? Étude sur la Morale Positiviste. Paris: Pedone-Lauriel, 1904.
  50. ↑ "A Romance of the Nineteenth Century," The Literary News, Vol. II, 1881, pp. 236–237.
  51. ↑ Boodle, R.W. (1881). "Mr. Mallock's A Romance of the Nineteenth Century," Canadian Monthly and National Review, Vol. VII, pp. 322–327.
  52. ↑ "Social Equality, by William Hurrell Mallock," The Century Magazine, December 1882, p. 307.
  53. ↑ "Social Equality," Library of the World's Best Literature, Vol. XXX, 1898, pp. 553–554.
  54. ↑ Hawthorne, Julian (1887). "Mr. Mallock’s Missing Science." In: Confessions and Criticism. Boston: Ticknor & Company, pp. 163–171.
  55. ↑ French edition L'Égalité Sociale: Étude sur une Science qui nous Manque. Paris: Firmin-Didot, 1883.
  56. ↑ Mann, Henry (1885). "A Reply to Mr. Mallock." In: Features of Society in Old and New England. Providence: Sydney S. Rider, 1885.
  57. ↑ MacCarthy, John (1887). "Mr. Mallock on the Labor and Social Movements," The American Catholic Quarterly Review, Vol. XII, pp. 85–110.
  58. ↑ Price, L. L. (1894). "Labor and Popular Welfare," The International Journal of Ethics, Vol. IV, No. 4, pp. 529–530.
  59. ↑ Breckenridge, Roeliff M. (1894). "Labor and the Popular Welfare," Political Science Quarterly, Vol. IX, No. 3, pp. 555–557.
  60. ↑ Cummings, John (1894). "Labor and the Popular Welfare by W.H. Mallock," Journal of Political Economy, Vol. 2, No. 2, pp. 309–312.
  61. ↑ "Rousseaunism Revisited," The Quarterly Review, Vol. CLXXIX, July/October 1894, pp. 414–438.
  62. ↑ Macdonell, Annie (1895). "Mr. Mallock's New Novel," The Bookman, Vol. II, No. 1, p. 41.
  63. ↑ "The Heart of Life," The Literary News, Vol. XVI, No. 9, September, 1895, pp. 257–258.
  64. ↑ Hull, E. R. (1896). "Mr. Mallock as a Defender of Natural Religion," The American Catholic Quarterly Review, Vol. XXI, pp. 618–635.
  65. ↑ Virtue, G. O. (1896). "Classes and Masses or Wealth, Hopes and Welfare in the United Kingdom: A Handbook of Social Facts for Practical Thinkers and Speakers by W. H. Mallock," Journal of Political Economy, Vol. 4, No. 4, pp. 535–537.
  66. ↑ Ball, Sidney (1897). "Classes and Masses," The International Journal of Ethics, Vol. VII, No. 3, pp. 383–385.
  67. ↑ "The Classes and the Masses," The Bookman, June 1898, p. 78.
  68. ↑ "Aristocracy and Evolution, by William Hurrell Mallock," The Outlook, 15 October 1898, p. 442.
  69. ↑ Crook, J. W. (1899). "Aristocracy and Evolution," Annals of the American Academy of Political Science, Vol. XIII, pp. 104–106.
  70. ↑ Veblen, Thorstein B. (1898). "Aristocracy and Evolution: A Study of the Rights, the Origin, and the Social Functions of the Wealthier Classes by W. H. Mallock," Journal of Political Economy, Vol. 6, No. 3, pp. 430–435.
  71. ↑ "Tristram Lacy, or The Individualist, by W.H. Mallock," The Bookman, September 1899, p. 87.
  72. ↑ Wyman, Rev. Henry H. (1902). "Doctrine Versus Doctrinal Disruption," The Catholic World, Vol, LXXV, pp. 642–646.
  73. ↑ O’Neill, Rev. John (1906). "Religion as a Credible Doctrine," Part II, The Irish Ecclesiastical Record, Vol. XIX, pp. 21–30, 113–131.
  74. ↑ Wenley, R. M. (1904). "Religion as a Credible Doctrine," The American Journal of Theology, Vol. VIII, No. 2, pp. 357–360.
  75. ↑ Brosnahan, Timothy (1903). "Mr. W.H. Mallock’s Entanglement," The Messenger, Vol. XXXIX, No. 3, pp. 245–262.
  76. ↑ Fox, James J. (1903). "Mr. William H. Mallock’s Defense of Religion," The Catholic World, Vol. LXXVII, No. 458, pp. 143–154.
  77. ↑ Fitzsimmons, Rev. S. (1904). "Mr. Mallock on Science and Religion," The American Catholic Quarterly Review, Vol. XXIX, pp. 74–92.
  78. ↑ Driscoll, John T. (1903). "Philosophy and Science at the Dawn of the Twentieth Century," The North American Review, Vol. CLXXVI, No. 556, pp. 422–435.
  79. ↑ "Science Versus Religion," The Literary Digest, 11 June 1904, p. 859.
  80. ↑ Barry, William (1904). "Mr. Mallock's Apology for Religion," The Bookman, July 1904, pp. 135–136.
  81. ↑ Driscoll, John D. (1904). "Mr. Mallock and the Philosophy of Theism," The Catholic World, Vol. LXXX, No. 475, pp. 1–10.
  82. ↑ Driscoll, John T. (1906). "Mr. Mallock and the Science-Philosophy," The Catholic World, Vol. LXXXII, No. 492, pp. 721–733.
  83. ↑ Wyman, Rev. Henry H. (1906)."Mr. Mallock's Psychology: A Scientific Argument," The American Ecclesiastical Review, Vol. XXXIV, No. 4, pp. 372–376.
  84. ↑ Abbott, Lyman (1908). "Socialism," The Outlook, Vol. LXXXVIII, No. 10, pp. 537–540.
  85. ↑ Hoxie, R. F. (1908). "A Critical Examination of Socialism by W. H. Mallock," Journal of Political Economy, Vol. 16, No. 8, pp. 540–542.
  86. ↑ "Socialism," The Dublin Review, Vol. CXLII, No. 285, April 1908, pp. 421–422.
  87. ↑ Chamberlain, John (1989). "A Reviewers Notebook: A Critical Examination of Socialism," The Freeman, Vol. XXXIX, No. 10.
  88. ↑ Young, Allyn A. (1911). "Mr. Mallock as Statistician and British Income Statistics," The Quarterly Journal of Economics, Vol. XXV, No. 2, pp. 376–386.
  89. ↑ Le Rossignol, J. E. (1911). "The Nation as a Business Firm," The American Economic Review, Vol. I, No. 2, pp. 399–402.
  90. ↑ Wicker, George Ray (1911). "The Nation as a Business Firm," Political Science Quarterly, Vol. XXVI, No. 3, pp. 532–533.
  91. ↑ Cross, Ira B. (1912). "The Nation as a Business Firm," Annals of the American Academy of Political Science, Vol. XXXIX, pp. 207–208.
  92. ↑ "The Limits of Pure Democracy," The International Journal of Ethics, Vol. XXVIII, July , 1918, pp. 567–568.
  93. ↑ Durant, Will (1918). "Stimulating Because Untrue," The Dial, Vol. LXV, pp. 115–117.
  94. ↑ Yarros, Victor S. (1920). "Recent Assaults on Democracy." In: Our Revolution; Essays in Interpretation. Boston: Richard G. Badger, pp. 115–128.
  95. ↑ West, Henry Litchfield. "A Lift of Enjoyment and Endeavor," The Bookman, Vol. LII, No. 3, p. 269.
  96. ↑ "Memoirs of Life and Literature," The North American Review, Vol. CCXII, No. 780, November, 1920, pp. 713–716.
  97. ↑ More, Paul Elmer (1920). "A Tory Unabashed," The Weekly Review, Vol. III, No. 76, p. 377.
  98. ↑ "A Crusader in Behalf of Conservatism," Current Opinion, Vol. LXIX, 1920, pp. 851–853.
  99. ↑ Bevington, Louisa Sarah (1879). "Modern Atheism and Mr. Mallock," "Conclusion", The Nineteenth Century, Vol. VI, pp. 585–603, 999–1020.
  100. ↑ Rep. in The New York Times, 21 April 1878.
  101. ↑ Rep. in The Popular Science Monthly, Supplement, Vol. XIII-XVIII, 1878.
  102. ↑ Rep. in The Eclectic Magazine, Vol. XXX, July/December 1879.
  103. ↑ Rep. in The Library Magazine, Vol. II, 1880.
  104. ↑ Rep. in The Library Magazine, Vol. VI, 1880.
  105. ↑ Romanes, George J. (1887). "What is the Object of Life?," The Forum, Vol. III, pp. 345–352.
  106. ↑ Le Sueur, William Dawson (1889). “Mr. Mallock on Optimism,” Popular Science Monthly, Vol. XXXV, pp. 531–541.
  107. ↑ Buckley, Catherine (1978). "Morris and his Critics," Journal of William Morris Society, Vol. III, No. 4, pp. 14–19.
  108. ↑ Rep. in The Eclectic Magazine, Vol. LVI, July/December 1892.
  109. ↑ Rep. in The Living Age, Vol. CXCIII, 1892.
  110. ↑ Moffat, Robert Scott (1894). "Mr. W. H. Mallock on the Living Wage," The Free Review, Vol. II, pp. 17–35.
  111. ↑ Spencer, Herbert (1898). "What is Social Evolution?," The Nineteenth Century, Vol. XLIV, pp. 348–358.
  112. ↑ "The Intellectual Future of Catholicism," The Tablet, 4 November 1899, p. 738–739.
  113. ↑ Fox, James J. (1902). "Mr. W. H. Mallock on 'The Conflict of Science and Religion'," The Catholic World, Vol. LXXIV, pp. 424–432.
  114. ↑ Maher, Michael (1902). "Reply to Mr. W. H. Mallock’s Criticism." In: Psychology, Empirical and Rational. London: Longmans, Green & Co., pp. 603–610.
  115. ↑ Candler, H. (1902). "Mrs. Gallup’s Cypher Story: A Reply to Mr. Mallock," The Nineteenth Century and After, Vol. LI, pp. 39–49.
  116. ↑ Myers, F. W. H. (1903). Human Personality, Vol. II. New York & Bombay: Longmans, Green & Co.
  117. ↑ Greg, Walter W. (1903). "Facts and Fancies in Baconian Theory," The Library, New Series, Vol. IV, pp. 47–62.
  118. ↑ Withworth, W. Allen (1904). "Free Thought in the Church England, a Reply," The Nineteenth Century and After, Vol. LVI, pp. 737–745.
  119. ↑ Smith, H. Maynard (1904). "Mr. Mallock and the Bishop of Worcester," The Nineteenth Century and After, Vol. LVI, pp. 746–755.
  120. ↑ Christison, J. Sanderson (1905). "Science and Immortality," The North American Review, Vol. CLXXX, No. 583, pp. 842–855.
  121. ↑ Sullivan, William L. (1906). "Mr. Mallock on the Naturalness of Christianity," The Catholic World, Vol. LXXXII, pp. 527–536.
  122. ↑ Wilson, A. J. (1906). "Mr. W. H. Mallock Statistical Abstract," The Investors’ Review, Vol. XVII, No. 418, pp. 2–6.
  123. ↑ Rep. in The Living Age, Vol. XXXII, July/September 1906.
  124. ↑ Sharp, Clifford (1908). "A Challenge to Mr. Mallock," The New Age, Vol. II, No. 23, p. 449.
  125. ↑ Smith, Robert H. (1911). "Distribution of Income in Great Britain and Incidence of Income Tax," The Quarterly Journal of Economics, Vol. XXV, pp. 216–238.
  126. ↑ Rep. in The Living Age, Vol. CCLXXIII, 1912.
  127. ↑ Rep. in The Living Age, Vol. CCLXXIV, 1912.
  128. ↑ Rep. in The Living Age, Vol. CCLXXIV, 1912.
  129. ↑ Rep. in The Living Age, Vol. CCLXXVII, 1913.

Further reading

  • Adams, Amy Belle (1934). The Novels of William Hurrell Mallock. University of Maine Studies, Second Series, No. 30. Orono: University of Maine Press.
  • Bain, James Tom (1972). The Social Conservatism of W.H. Mallock. Thesis (M.A.): Tulane University.
  • Brown, Douglas P. (2004). The Formation of the Thought of a Young English Conservative: W. H. Mallock and the Contest for Cultural and Socio-Economic Authority, 1849-1884. Ph.D. dissertation, University of Missouri.
  • Buckley, Jerome (1964). The Victorian Temper. New York: Vintage Books.
  • Burn, W. L. (1949). "English Conservatism," The Nineteenth Century, Vol. CXLV, pp. 1–11, 67–76.
  • Chisholm, Hugh, (1911) "Mallock, William H.," Encyclopædia Britannica, 11th ed., Cambridge University Press, p. 492.
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