Vivian (hurricane)
| Vivian | ||
|---|---|---|
| Period | 25 to 27 February 1990 | |
| Wind speeds (general) | 120 to 160 km/h | |
| Peak wind speed | 268 km/h | |
| Lowest air pressure | 940 hPa | |
| Regions affected | British Isles, France, Benelux, Germany, Switzerland | |
| Fatalities | 64 | |
| Cost of damage | c. 1.11B €
1.5 B euros of insured damage in Germany[1] | |
Vivian was one of a series of severe hurricanes in 1990. It struck large parts of Europe from 25 to 27 February 1990 and cost 64 people their lives. A few days later it was followed by Wiebke. After Hurricane Andrew in 1992 (26.5 B. USD), Daria in 1990 and Lothar in 1999 (each costing c. B USD), and the West European Hurricane of 1987 (4.3 B USD) Vivian/Wiebke was one of the most expensive Atlantic storms in history, costing 4 B USD of insurance payments.[2] In his report Winter storms in Europe - History from 1703 to 2012 (Winterstürme in Europa - Historie von 1703 bis 2012), Aon Benfield assessed the cost of insurance payouts for storm damage in Germany as 1.5 billion euros.[3]
Area
Apart from Germany (15 deaths), other countries affected badly were the United Kingdom, Ireland, France, the Netherlands, Belgium and Switzerland.
In Hamburg there were several successive storm surges. Thanks to the storms, the Rosenmontag parade in Düsseldorf was postponed until May, whilst in Cologne it went ahead with high safety precautions.
References
- ↑ "Winterstürme in Europa. Historie von 1703 bis 2012" (PDF) (in German). Aon Benfield. Jan 2013. pp. 18–19. Retrieved 11 Mar 2014.
- ↑ Natur- und Man-made-Katastrophen 2001: Man-made-Schäden einer neuen Dimension. In: sigma 1/2002, Schweizerische Rückversicherungs-Gesellschaft, pS. 23.
- ↑ "Winterstürme in Europa. Historie von 1703 bis 2012" (PDF) (in German). Aon Benfield. Jan 2013. pp. 18–19. Retrieved 11 Mar 2014.
External links
- DWD, Extreme Wetter- und Witterungsereignisse im 20. Jahrhundert (pdf file; 412 kB)
- Archived [Date missing], at www.munichre.com Error: unknown archive URL (pdf file; 2,30 MB)
- Wie viel "Störung" verträgt der Wald? Text und Audio zu einer Langzeitstudie der Eidgenössischen Forschungsanstalt für Wald, Schnee und Landschaft über die Folgen von Vivian..