Resident Commissioner of the Philippines

Resident Commissioner of the Philippines

Inaugural holder	Benito Legarda Pablo Ocampo
Formation	November 22, 1907
Final holder	Carlos P. Romulo
Abolished	July 4, 1946

The Resident Commissioner of the Philippines was a non-voting member of the United States House of Representatives sent by the Philippines from 1907 until its internationally recognized independence in 1946. It was similar to current non-voting members of Congress such as Resident Commissioner of Puerto Rico and delegates from Washington, D.C., Guam, the Northern Mariana Islands and other United States territories.

Like current non-voting members, Resident Commissioners could speak and otherwise participate in the business of the House, but did not have full voting rights. Two were sent until 1937 when after the establishment of the Commonwealth of the Philippines, the number was changed to one.^[1]

History

Philippine Commissioner J.M. Elizalde with future Philippine president Sergio Osmena and John W. Hausermann, (a Republican Party leader and goldmine owner in the Philippines), in 1938 or 1939, Library of Congress

The Philippines was a United States territory from 13 August 1898 until Philippine independence was internationally recognized on 4 July 1946.

The office was first created by the Philippine Organic Act (1902) section 8 and re-authorized on its subsequent replacements—the Jones Law of 1916 (known as the Philippine Autonomy Act) section 20, and the Tydings–McDuffie Act of 1934 (known as the Philippine Independence Act) section 7(5).

The procedures for appointment of the Resident Commissioners were ambiguous and a source of friction.^[2] Under the Insular Government, they were appointed by the American government-appointed Philippine Commission with agreement of the fully elected, fully Filipino Philippine Assembly. This conflict ended when the Tydings-McDuffle Act dissolved the Commission and replaced it with the Philippine Senate, the upper house of the new Philippine Commonwealth legislature.

Resident Commissioners

Territorial era
Picture	Resident Commissioner (lifespan)	Party	Term start	Term end	Notes
	Legarda, BenitoBenito Legarda (1853–1915)	Federalist (Republican)	000000001907-11-22-0000November 22, 1907 60th Congress	000000001912-03-03-0000March 3, 1912 62nd Congress	Retired
	Ocampo, PabloPablo Ocampo (1853–1925)	Democrat	000000001907-11-22-0000November 22, 1907 60th Congress	000000001909-11-22-0000November 22, 1909 61st Congress	Retired
	Quezón, Manuel L.Manuel L. Quezón (1878–1944)	Nacionalista	000000001909-11-23-0000November 23, 1909 61st Congress	000000001916-10-15-0000October 15, 1916 64th Congress	Retired
	Earnshaw, ManuelManuel Earnshaw (1862–1936)	Nonpartisan	000000001913-03-04-0000March 4, 1913 63rd Congress	000000001917-03-03-0000March 3, 1917 64th Congress	Retired
	de Veyra, Jaime C.Jaime C. de Veyra (1873–1963)	Nacionalista	000000001917-03-04-0000March 4, 1917 65th Congress	000000001923-03-04-0000March 4, 1923 67th Congress	Retired
	Yangco, Teodoro R.Teodoro R. Yangco (1861–1939)	Nonpartisan	000000001917-03-04-0000March 4, 1917 65th Congress	000000001920-03-03-0000March 3, 1920 66th Congress	Retired
	Gabaldón, IsauroIsauro Gabaldón (1875–1942)	Nacionalista	000000001920-03-04-0000March 4, 1920 68th Congress	000000001928-07-16-0000July 16, 1928 70th Congress	Resigned
	Guevara, PedroPedro Guevara (1879–1938)	Nacionalista	000000001923-03-04-0000March 4, 1923 67th Congress	000000001936-02-14-0000February 14, 1936 74th Congress	Retired
	Osías, CamiloCamilo Osías (1889–1976)	Nacionalista	000000001929-03-04-0000March 4, 1929 71st Congress	000000001935-01-03-0000January 3, 1935 73rd Congress	Retired
	Delgado, Francisco AfanFrancisco Afan Delgado (1886–1964)	Nacionalista	000000001935-01-03-0000January 3, 1935 67th Congress	000000001936-02-14-0000February 14, 1936 67th Congress	Retired
Commonwealth era
	Paredes, QuintínQuintín Paredes (1884–1973)	Nacionalista	000000001936-02-14-0000February 14, 1936 74th Congress	000000001938-09-29-0000September 29, 1938 75th Congress	Resigned
	Elizalde, Joaquín MiguelJoaquín Miguel Elizalde (1896–1965)	Nonpartisan	000000001938-09-29-0000September 29, 1938 76th Congress	000000001944-08-09-0000August 9, 1944 78th Congress	Resigned
	Romulo, Carlos P.Carlos P. Romulo (1899–1985)	Liberal	000000001944-08-10-0000August 10, 1944 78th Congress	000000001946-07-04-0000July 4, 1946 79th Congress	Resigned; final Philippine representative

References

↑ Dorothy B. Fujita-Rony (2003). American Workers, Colonial Power. University of California Press. ISBN 0-520-23095-7.
↑ Kramer, Paul Alexander (2006). The Blood of Government: Race, Empire, the United States, & the Philippines. University of North Carolina Press. p. 325. ISBN 9780807856536.

Lists of United States congressional delegations
States	Alabama (H, S) Alaska (H, S) Arizona (H, S) Arkansas (H, S) California (H, S) Colorado (H, S) Connecticut (H, S) Delaware (H, S) Florida (H, S) Georgia (H, S) Hawaii (H, S) Idaho (H, S) Illinois (H, S) Indiana (H, S) Iowa (H, S) Kansas (H, S) Kentucky (H, S) Louisiana (H, S) Maine (H, S) Maryland (H, S) Massachusetts (H, S) Michigan (H, S) Minnesota (H, S) Mississippi (H, S) Missouri (H, S) Montana (H, S) Nebraska (H, S) Nevada (H, S) New Hampshire (H, S) New Jersey (H, S) New Mexico (H, S) New York (H, S) North Carolina (H, S) North Dakota (H, S) Ohio (H, S) Oklahoma (H, S) Oregon (H, S) Pennsylvania (H, S) Rhode Island (H, S) South Carolina (H, S) South Dakota (H, S) Tennessee (H, S) Texas (H, S) Utah (H, S) Vermont (H, S) Virginia (H, S) Washington (H, S) West Virginia (H, S) Wisconsin (H, S) Wyoming (H, S)
Other	American Samoa District of Columbia Guam Northern Mariana Islands Puerto Rico U.S. Virgin Islands
Obsolete	Dakota Territory Northwest Territory Orleans Territory Philippines Southwest Territory
Lists of former House members List of former Senators

This article is issued from Wikipedia. The text is licensed under Creative Commons - Attribution - Sharealike. Additional terms may apply for the media files.

Resident Commissioner of the Philippines

History

Resident Commissioners

See also

References