United States Senate elections, 1816 and 1817

United States Senate elections, 1816 and 1817
United States
Dates vary by state

12 of the 36 seats in the United States Senate (plus special elections)
19 seats needed for a majority

  Majority party Minority party
 
Party Democratic-Republican Federalist
Last election 26 seats 11 seats
Seats before 23 12
Seats won 9 3
Seats after 25 13
Seat change Increase 2 Increase 1
Seats up 9 2

Majority party before election

Democratic-Republican

Elected Majority party

Democratic-Republican

The United States Senate elections of 1816 and 1817 were elections for the United States Senate that had the Democratic-Republican Party gain a net of two seats from the admission of a new state, and which coincided with the presidential election.

As these elections were prior to ratification of the seventeenth amendment, Senators were chosen by state legislatures.

Results summary

Senate Party Division, 15th Congress (1817–1819)

Change in Senate composition

Before the elections

Composition after June 12, 1816 election in Massachusetts.

DR8 DR7 DR6 DR5 DR4 DR3 DR2 DR1
DR9 DR10 DR11 DR12 DR13 DR14 DR15 DR16 DR17 DR18
Majority → DR19
F9 F10 F11 F12 V1 DR23 DR22 DR21 DR20
F8 F7 F6 F5 F4 F3 F2 F1

Beginning of the next Congress

DR9 DR8 DR7 DR6 DR5 DR4 DR3 DR2 DR1
DR10 DR11 DR12 DR13 DR14 DR15*
Gain
DR16*
Gain
DR17*
Re-elected
DR18
Hold
DR19
Hold
Majority → DR20
Hold
F10 F11
Hold
F12
Gain
F13
Gain
DR25
Gain
DR24
Gain
DR23
Hold
DR22
Hold
DR21
Hold
F9 F8 F7 F6 F5 F4 F3 F2 F1
Note:
  • DR15 and DR16 (Indiana seats): The new state of Indiana elected two Democratic-Republicans to the new seats on December 11, 1816.
  • DR17 (Tennessee seat): Legislature failed to elect, then the incumbent was appointed to start the term.
Key:
DR# Democratic-Republican
F# Federalist
V# Vacant

Race summaries

Bold states link to specific election articles.

Special elections during the preceding Congress

In these special elections, the winners were seated during 1816 or before March 4, 1817; ordered by election date.

State Incumbent Results Candidates
Senator Party Electoral history
Virginia
(Class 2)
Vacant William B. Giles (DR) had resigned March 3, 1815.
Winner elected January 3, 1816 despite being unqualified to serve due to young age.
Democratic-Republican gain.
Armistead Mason (Democratic-Republican)
[Data unknown/missing. You can help!]
Maryland
(Class 1)
Vacant The Maryland General Assembly failed to elect in time for the March 4, 1815 beginning of the term.
Winner elected January 29, 1816.
Federalist gain.
Robert Harper (Federalist)
[Data unknown/missing. You can help!]
Massachusetts
(Class 1)
Christopher Gore Federalist 1813 (Appointed)
1815 (Special)
Incumbent resigned May 30, 1816, unhappy with the politics of Washington and suffering from poor health.
Winner elected June 12, 1816.
Federalist hold.
Eli P. Ashmun (Federalist)
[Data unknown/missing. You can help!]
Georgia
(Class 2)
William Wyatt Bibb Democratic-Republican 1813 (Special) Incumbent resigned November 9, 1816.
Winner elected November 13, 1816.
Winner was also elected to the next term, see below.
Democratic-Republican hold.
George M. Troup (Democratic-Republican)
[Data unknown/missing. You can help!]
North Carolina
(Class 2)
James Turner Democratic-Republican 1804
1811
Incumbent resigned November 21, 1816 due to ill health.
Winner elected December 4, 1816.
Winner was also elected to the next term, see below.
Democratic-Republican hold.
Montfort Stokes (Democratic-Republican)
[Data unknown/missing. You can help!]
South Carolina
(Class 2)
John Taylor Democratic-Republican 1810 (Special)
1810
Incumbent resigned November 1816.
Winner elected December 4, 1816.
Winner was also elected to the next term, see below.
Democratic-Republican hold.
William Smith (Federalist)
[Data unknown/missing. You can help!]
Kentucky Martin D. Hardin Federalist 1814 (Appointed) Incumbent appointee elected December 5, 1816. Martin D. Hardin (Democratic-Republican)
[Data unknown/missing. You can help!]
Indiana
(Class 1)
New seat Indiana was admitted to the Union December 11, 1816.
Winner elected that day.
Democratic-Republican gain.
James Noble (Democratic-Republican)
[Data unknown/missing. You can help!]
Indiana
(Class 3)
New seat Indiana was admitted to the Union December 11, 1816.
Winner elected that day.
Democratic-Republican gain.
Waller Taylor (Democratic-Republican)
[Data unknown/missing. You can help!]
Maryland
(Class 1)
Robert Goodloe Harper Federalist 1816 (Special) Incumbent resigned December 6, 1816.
Winner elected December 20, 1816.
Federalist hold.
Alexander Hanson (Federalist)
[Data unknown/missing. You can help!]

Races leading to the next Congress

In these general elections, the winner was seated on March 4, 1817; ordered by state.

All of the elections involved the Class 2 seats.

State Incumbent Results Candidates
Senator Party Electoral
history
Delaware William H. Wells Federalist 1799 (Special)
1799
1804 (Resigned)
1813 (Special)
Incumbent retired.
Winner elected in 1817.
Federalist hold.
Nicholas Van Dyke
[Data unknown/missing. You can help!]
Georgia William Wyatt Bibb Democratic-Republican 1813 (Special) Resigned November 9, 1816.
Winner elected November 13, 1816.
Winner was also elected to finish the previous term, see above.
Democratic-Republican hold.
George M. Troup (Democratic-Republican)
[Data unknown/missing. You can help!]
Kentucky Martin D. Hardin Federalist November 13, 1816 (Appointed)
1816 (Special)[1]
Unknown if incumbent ran for re-election.
Winner elected in 1817.
Democratic-Republican gain.
John J. Crittenden (Democratic-Republican)
[Data unknown/missing. You can help!]
Louisiana James Brown Democratic-Republican 1813 (Special) Incumbent lost re-election.
Winner elected in 1816 or 1817.
Democratic-Republican hold.
William C. C. Claiborne (Democratic-Republican)
[Data unknown/missing. You can help!]
Massachusetts Joseph Bradley Varnum Democratic-Republican 1811 Unknown if incumbent ran for re-election.
Winner elected in 1816 or 1817.
Federalist gain.
Harrison Gray Otis (Federalist)
[Data unknown/missing. You can help!]
New Hampshire Thomas W. Thompson Federalist 1814 (Special) Unknown if incumbent ran for re-election.
Winner elected in 1816 or 1817.
Democratic-Republican gain.
David L. Morril (Democratic-Republican)
[Data unknown/missing. You can help!]
New Jersey John Condit Democratic-Republican 1809 (Special)
1810
Unknown if incumbent ran for re-election.
Winner elected in 1816 or 1817.
Democratic-Republican hold.
Mahlon Dickerson (Democratic-Republican)
[Data unknown/missing. You can help!]
North Carolina James Turner Democratic-Republican 1804
1810
Resigned November 21, 1816 due to ill health.
Winner elected December 4, 1816.
Winner was also elected to finish the previous term, see above.
Democratic-Republican hold.
Montfort Stokes (Democratic-Republican)
[Data unknown/missing. You can help!]
Rhode Island Jeremiah Howell Democratic-Republican 1810 Incumbent retired.
Winner elected in 1816 or 1817.
Federalist gain.
James Burrill, Jr. (Federalist)
[Data unknown/missing. You can help!]
South Carolina John Taylor Democratic-Republican 1810 (Special)
1810
Incumbent resigned November 1816.
Winner elected December 4, 1816.
Winner was also elected to the previous term, see above.
Democratic-Republican hold.
William Smith (Federalist)
[Data unknown/missing. You can help!]
Tennessee John Williams Democratic-Republican 1815 (Special) Unknown if incumbent ran for re-election.
Legislature failed to elect.
Incumbent was then appointed to start the term.
Democratic-Republican loss.
John Williams (Democratic-Republican)
[Data unknown/missing. You can help!]
Virginia Armistead T. Mason Democratic-Republican 1816 (Special) Unknown if incumbent ran for re-election, but he was an unsuccessful candidate for the U.S. House of Representatives.
Winner elected in 1816 or 1817.
Democratic-Republican hold.
John W. Eppes[2] (Democratic-Republican)
[Data unknown/missing. You can help!]

Special elections during the next Congress

In these special elections, the winners were elected in 1817 after March 4; ordered by election date.

State Incumbent Results Candidates
Senator Party Electoral history
Tennessee
(Class 2)
John Williams Democratic-Republican 1815 (Special) Legislature had failed to elect and the incumbent was then appointed to start the term.
Incumbent was then re-elected October 2, 1817 to complete the term.
John Williams (Democratic-Republican)
[Data unknown/missing. You can help!]
New Hampshire
(Class 3)
Jeremiah Mason Federalist 1813 (Special) Incumbent resigned June 16, 1817.
Winner elected June 27, 1817.
Democratic-Republican gain.
Clement Storer (Democratic-Republican)
[Data unknown/missing. You can help!]
Vermont
(Class 3)
Dudley Chase Democratic-Republican 1813 Resgined November 3, 1817.
Winner elected November 4, 1817.
Democratic-Republican hold.
James Fisk (Democratic-Republican)
[Data unknown/missing. You can help!]
Mississippi
(Class 1)
New state Mississippi was admitted as a new state.
Winner elected December 10, 1817.
Democratic-Republican gain.
Walter Leake (Democratic-Republican)
[Data unknown/missing. You can help!]
Mississippi
(Class 2)
New state Mississippi was admitted as a new state.
Winner elected December 10, 1817.
Democratic-Republican gain.
Thomas Williams (Democratic-Republican)
[Data unknown/missing. You can help!]

See also

References

  1. Byrd, page 110.
  2. "VA US Senate". Our Campaigns. January 11, 2008. Retrieved March 16, 2015.
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