United States Senate elections, 1802 and 1803

United States Senate elections, 1802 and 1803
United States
Dates vary by state
11 of the 32 seats in the United States Senate (plus special elections)
17 seats needed for a majority

  Majority party Minority party
 
Party Democratic-Republican Federalist
Last election 15 seats 17 seats
Seats before 17 15
Seats won 7 3
Seats after 22 9
Seat change Increase 5 Decrease 6
Seats up 2 9
Majority party before election

Democratic-Republican

 Elected Majority party

Democratic-Republican

The United States Senate elections of 1802 and 1803 were elections for the United States Senate which had the Democratic-Republican Party assume an overwhelming control thereof.

As these election were prior to ratification of the seventeenth amendment, Senators were chosen by State legislatures.

Change in Senate composition

Before the elections

DR6 DR5 DR4 DR3 DR2 DR1
DR7 DR8 DR9 DR10 DR11 DR12 DR13 DR14 DR15 DR16
Ran
Majority → DR17
Ran
F7
Ran		 F8
Ran		 F9
Ran		 F10
Ran		 F11
Ran		 F12
Unknown		 F13
Unknown		 F14
Unknown		 F15
Retired
F6 F5 F4 F3 F2 F1

Beginning of the 8th Congress

DR6 DR5 DR4 DR3 DR2 DR1
DR7 DR8 DR9 DR10 DR11 DR12 DR13 DR14 DR15 DR16
Re-elected
Majority → DR17
Re-elected
F7
Re-elected		 F8
Re-elected		 F9
Hold		 V1
Fed loss		 DR22
Gain		 DR21
Gain		 DR20
Gain		 DR19
Gain		 DR18
Gain
F6 F5 F4 F3 F2 F1

Beginning of the 1st session, October 17, 1803

DR7 DR6 DR5 DR4 DR3 DR2 DR1
DR8 DR9 DR10 DR11 DR12 DR13 DR14 DR15 DR16 DR17
Majority → DR18
F8 F9 DR25
Gain		 DR24
Gain		 DR23
Gain		 DR22
Hold		 DR21 DR20 DR19
F7 F6 F5 F4 F3 F2 F1
Key:
DR# Democratic-Republican
F# Federalist
V# Vacant

Race summaries

Special elections during the 7th Congress

In these special elections, the winner was seated before March 4, 1803; ordered by election date.

State Incumbent Results Candidates
Senator Party Electoral history
New York
(Class 3)		 John Armstrong, Jr. Democratic-Republican 1801 (Special) Incumbent resigned February 5, 1802.
Winner elected February 23, 1802.
Democratic-Republican hold.		 √ DeWitt Clinton (Democratic-Republican)
[Data unknown/missing. You can help!]
New Hampshire
(Class 3)		 James Sheafe Federalist 1801 Incumbent resigned June 14, 1802.
Winner elected June 17, 1802.
Federalist hold.		 √ William Plumer (Federalist)
[Data unknown/missing. You can help!]
South Carolina
(Class 3)		 John E. Colhoun Democratic-Republican 1800 Incumbent died October 26, 1802.
Winner elected November 4, 1802.
Democratic-Republican hold.		 √ Pierce Butler (Democratic-Republican)
[Data unknown/missing. You can help!]

Races leading to the 8th Congress

In these general elections, the winner was seated on March 4, 1803; ordered by state.

All of the elections involved the Class 1 seats.

State Incumbent Results Candidates
Senator Party Electoral history
Connecticut James Hillhouse Federalist 1796 Incumbent re-elected in 1803. √ James Hillhouse (Federalist)
[Data unknown/missing. You can help!]
Delaware Samuel White Federalist 1801 (Appointed) Incumbent re-elected in 1803. √ Samuel White (Federalist)
[Data unknown/missing. You can help!]
Maryland John E. Howard Federalist 1796 (Special)
1796		 Unknown if incumbent retired or lost re-election.
Winner elected in 1802.
Democratic-Republican gain		 √ Samuel Smith (Democratic-Republican)
[Data unknown/missing. You can help!]
Massachusetts Jonathan Mason Federalist 1800 (Special) Unknown if incumbent retired or lost re-election.
Winner's election date unknown.
Federalist hold.		 √ John Quincy Adams (Federalist)
[Data unknown/missing. You can help!]
New Jersey Aaron Ogden Federalist 1801 (Special) Incumbent lost re-election.
Legislature failed to elect.
Federalist loss.		 None.
New York Gouverneur Morris Federalist 1800 (Special) Incumbent lost re-election.
Winner elected February 1, 1803.
Democratic-Republican gain		 √ Theodorus Bailey (Democratic-Republican)
Gouverneur Morris (Federalist)
[Data unknown/missing. You can help!]
Pennsylvania James Ross Federalist 1794 (Special)
1797		 Incumbent retired.
Winner elected December 14, 1802.
Democratic-Republican gain		 √ Samuel Maclay (Democratic-Republican) 59.46%
Isaac Weaver (Democratic-Republican) 25.23%
William Maclay (Democratic-Republican) 9.91%
Not voting 5.41%
Rhode Island Theodore Foster Federalist 1796 Incumbent retired.
Winner's election date unknown.
Democratic-Republican gain		 √ Samuel J. Potter (Democratic-Republican)
[Data unknown/missing. You can help!]
Tennessee Joseph Anderson Democratic-
Republican		 1799 (Special) Incumbent re-elected in 1803. √ Joseph Anderson (Democratic-Republican)
[Data unknown/missing. You can help!]
Vermont Nathaniel Chipman Federalist 1797 (Special) Incumbent lost re-election.
Winner elected in 1802.
Democratic-Republican gain		 √ Israel Smith (Democratic-Republican), 111
Abel Spencer (Federalist), 79
Scattering, 6.[1]
Virginia Stevens Mason Democratic-
Republican		 1794 (Special)
1797		 Incumbent re-elected in 1803. √ Stevens Mason (Democratic-Republican)
[Data unknown/missing. You can help!]

Special elections during the 8th Congress

In this special election, the winner was seated in 1803 some time after March 4.

State Incumbent Results Candidates
Senator Party Electoral history
Ohio
(Class 1)		 New seat Ohio joined the Union in 1803.
Winner elected April 1, 1803.
Democratic-Republican gain.		 √ John Smith (Democratic-Republican)
Ohio
(Class 3)		 New seat Ohio joined the Union in 1803.
Winner elected April 1, 1803.
Democratic-Republican gain.		 √ Thomas Worthington (Democratic-Republican)
New Jersey
(Class 1)		 John Condit Democratic-Republican 1803 (Appointed) Legislature had failed to elect.
Condit was then appointed September 1, 1803 to continue the term.
He was then elected November 3, 1803.[2]		 √ John Condit (Democratic-Republican) Unanimous.
Virginia
(Class 1)		 John Taylor Democratic-Republican 1792 (Special)
1793		 Predecessor Stevens T. Mason (DR) had died May 10, 1803, having just begun the new term.
Interim appointee served from June 4, 1803, and did not seek election to finish the term.
Winner elected December 7, 1803.
Democratic-Republican hold.		 √ Abraham B. Venable (Democratic-Republican) Unanimous[3]

Complete list of races

New Jersey (special)

The New Jersey legislature had failed to elect by March 4, 1803. The governor appointed John Condit (DR) September 1, 1803 to continue the term. Condit was then unanimously elected November 3, 1803 to finish the term. No vote totals were recorded.[4]

Ohio

Ohio joined the Union in 1803. New Democratic-Republican senators were elected April 1, 1803. Official records indicate that John Smith and Thomas Worthington were elected, and that Smith received the "long" term, while Worthington received the "short" one. They do not indicate if there were other candidates, or what the vote totals were.[5]

Vermont

Federalist Senator Nathaniel Chipman lost re-election to Democratic-Republican Israel Smith. Smith received 102 votes in the Vermont House of Representatives and 9 from the Governor and Council.[1] Spencer received 75 votes from the House and 4 from the Governor and Council.[1]

Virginia

Two-term Democratic-Republican incumbent Stevens Mason was re-elected in 1803.

Virginia (special)

Democratic-Republican Senator Stevens T. Mason died May 10, 1803, having just begun the new term. John Taylor (DR) was appointed but chose not to run to finish the term. Abraham B. Venable (DR) was elected December 7, 1803 as the unanimous choice of the Virginia General Assembly. No vote totals were recorded.[3]

See also

References

  1. 1 2 3 "Bennington: October 25, 1802". City Gazette. Charleston, South Carolina. November 20, 1802. p. 2 – via GenealogyBank.com. (Subscription required (help)).
  2. ↑ http://www.ourcampaigns.com/CandidateDetail.html?CandidateID=112577
  3. 1 2 "Richmond: December 10, 1803". Wilmington, North Carolina: Wilmington Gazette. December 27, 1803. p. 4. (Subscription required (help)). Mr. Taylor having declined to serve longer, Abraham B. Venable, esq., was on Wednesday last unanimously elected by the General Assembly in the room of Mr. Taylor.
  4. ↑ New Jersey Legislature (1804). Minutes and Proceedings of the Joint Meeting, November 3, 1803. Trenton, NJ: Sherman, Mershon & Thomas. p. 44.
  5. ↑ Taylor, William A. (1900). Ohio in Congress from 1803 to 1901. Columbus, Ohio: Century Publishing Co. p. 97 – via Google books.

Sources

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