United States Senate elections, 1940 and 1941

United States Senate elections, 1940 and 1941
United States
November 5, 1940[1]

32 of the 96 seats in the United States Senate
49 seats needed for a majority

  Majority party Minority party
 
Leader Alben Barkley Charles McNary
Party Democratic Republican
Leader's seat Kentucky Oregon
Seats before 69 24
Seats won 66 27
Seat change Decrease 2 Increase 3
Popular vote 19,715,831 19,831,926
Percentage 47.5% 47.8%
Seats up 23 7
Races won 21 10

  Third party Fourth party Fifth party
 
Party Farmer–Labor Progressive Independent
Seats before 1 1 1
Seats won 0 1 1
Seat change Decrease 1 Steady Steady
Popular vote 310,875[2] 605,609 ?
Percentage 25.7%[2] 1.5% ?
Seats up 1 1 0
Races won 0 1 0

Results including special elections
     Democratic hold      Democratic gain
     Republican hold      Republican gain
     Progressive hold

Majority Leader before election

Alben Barkley
Democratic

Elected Majority Leader

Alben Barkley
Democratic

The United States Senate elections of 1940[1] coincided with the election of Franklin D. Roosevelt to his third term as President.

Although Roosevelt was re-elected, support for his administration had dropped somewhat after eight years, and the Republican opposition gained three seats from the Democrats. However, the New Dealers regained firm control of both the US House of Representative and US Senate because Progressives dominated the election.[3] The Minnesota Farmer–Labor Party also disappeared from the Senate, as Henrik Shipstead joined the Republican party and Ernest Lundeen had died during the preceding term.

Gains and losses

Republicans had a net gain of three seats in the general election, plus one more in a November special election.

Three came from wins over Democrats:

  1. Indiana: First-term Democrat Sherman Minton narrowly lost to Republican Raymond E. Willis.
  2. Nebraska: First-term Democrat Edward R. Burke lost renomination to R. L. Cochran, who then lost the general election to Republican Hugh Butler.
  3. Ohio: First-term Democrat A. Victor Donahey retired and was replaced by Republican Harold H. Burton.

Republicans picked up a seat from Farmer–Labor when an incumbent changed party:

  1. Minnesota: Three-term Farmer–Labor Henrik Shipstead was re-elected, but changed party to Republican.

Democrats did win one seat from a Republican:

  1. Delaware: Two-term Republican John G. Townsend, Jr. lost to Democrat James M. Tunnell.

Also, in a special election, Republicans gained an additional seat from the Democrats:

  1. Illinois: Democratic interim appointee James M. Slattery lost to Republican C. Wayland Brooks.

Change in Senate composition

Before the elections

  D1 D2 D3 D4 D5 D6 D7 D8
D18 D17 D16 D15 D14 D13 D12 D11 D10 D9
D19 D20 D21 D22 D23 D24 D25 D26 D27 D28
D38 D37 D36 D35 D34 D33 D32 D31 D30 D29
D39 D40 D41 D42 D43 D44 D45 D46 D47
Ran
D48
Ran
Majority → D49
Ran
D58
Ran
D57
Ran
D56
Ran
D55
Ran
D54
Ran
D53
Ran
D52
Ran
D51
Ran
D50
Ran
D59
Ran
D60
Ran
D61
Ran
D62
Ran
D63
Ran
D64
Ran
D65
Ran
D66
Ran
D67
Ran
D68
Retired
R19
Ran
R20
Ran
R21
Ran
R22
Ran
R23
Ran
R24
Retired
FL1
Ran
P1
Ran
I1 D69
Retired
R18
Ran
R17 R16 R15 R14 R13 R12 R11 R10 R9
R1 R2 R3 R4 R5 R6 R7 R8

Result of the general elections

  D1 D2 D3 D4 D5 D6 D7 D8
D18 D17 D16 D15 D14 D13 D12 D11 D10 D9
D19 D20 D21 D22 D23 D24 D25 D26 D27 D28
D38 D37 D36 D35 D34 D33 D32 D31 D30 D29
D39 D40 D41 D42 D43 D44 D45 D46 D47
Re-elected
D48
Re-elected
Majority → D49
Re-elected
D58
Re-elected
D57
Re-elected
D56
Re-elected
D55
Re-elected
D54
Re-elected
D53
Re-elected
D52
Re-elected
D51
Re-elected
D50
Re-elected
D59
Re-elected
D60
Re-elected
D61
Re-elected
D62
Re-elected
D63
Hold
D64
Hold
D65
Hold
D66
Hold
D67
Gain
I1
R19
Re-elected
R20
Re-elected
R21
Re-elected
R22
Hold
R23
Hold
R24
Gain
R25
Gain
R26
Gain
R27
Gain
P1
Re-elected
R18
Re-elected
R17 R16 R15 R14 R13 R12 R11 R10 R9
R1 R2 R3 R4 R5 R6 R7 R8

Result of the special elections

  D1 D2 D3 D4 D5 D6 D7 D8
D18 D17 D16 D15 D14 D13 D12 D11 D10 D9
D19 D20 D21 D22 D23 D24 D25 D26 D27 D28
D38 D37 D36 D35 D34 D33 D32 D31 D30 D29
D39 D40 D41 D42 D43 D44 D45 D46 D47 D48
Majority → D49
Appointee elected
D58 D57 D56 D55 D54 D53 D52 D51 D50
D59 D60 D61 D62 D63 D64 D65 D66 I1 P1
R19 R20 R21 R22 R23 R24 R25 R26
Appointee elected
R27
Hold
R28
Gain
R18 R17 R16 R15 R14 R13 R12 R11 R10 R9
R1 R2 R3 R4 R5 R6 R7 R8
Key:
D# Democratic
FL# Farmer–Labor
P# Progressive
R# Republican
I# Independent
V# Vacant

Race summaries

Special elections during the 76th Congress

In these special elections, the winner was seated during 1940 or before January 3, 1941; ordered by election date.

State Incumbent Results Candidates
Senator Party Electoral history
Idaho
(Class 2)
John W. Thomas Republican 1928 (Appointed)
1928 (Special)
1932 (Lost)
1940 (Appointed)
Interim appointee elected November 5, 1940. John W. Thomas (Republican) 53.0%
Glen H. Taylor (Democratic) 47.1%
Illinois
(Class 2)
James M. Slattery Democratic 1939 (Appointed) Interim appointee lost election to finish term.
New senator elected November 5, 1940.
Republican gain.
C. Wayland Brooks (Republican) 50.1%
James M. Slattery (Democratic) 49.6%
Kentucky
(Class 2)
Happy Chandler Democratic 1939 (Appointed) Interim appointee elected November 5, 1940. Happy Chandler (Democratic) 58.3%
Walter B. Smith (Republican) 41.7%
Vermont
(Class 3)
Ernest W. Gibson, Jr. Republican 1940 (Appointed) Interim appointee retired.
New senator elected November 5, 1940.
Republican hold.
George D. Aiken (Republican) 61.6%
Herbert B. Comings (Democratic) 38.4%

Races leading to the 77th Congress

In these general elections, the winners were elected for the term beginning January 3, 1941; ordered by state.

All of the elections involved the Class 1 seats.

State Incumbent Results Candidates
Senator Party Electoral
history
Arizona Henry F. Ashurst Democratic 1912
1916
1922
1928
1934
Incumbent lost renomination.
New senator elected.
Democratic hold.
Ernest W. McFarland (Democratic) 71.6%
I. A. Jennings (Republican) 28.0%
A. Walter Gehres (Prohibition) 0.4%
California Hiram W. Johnson Republican 1916
1922
1928
1934
Incumbent re-elected. Hiram W. Johnson (Republican) 82.5%
Fred Dyster (Prohibition) 13.5%
Anita Whitney (Communist) 3.6%
Connecticut Francis T. Maloney Democratic 1934 Incumbent re-elected. Francis T. Maloney (Democratic) 53.2%
Paul L. Cornell (Republican) 45.7%
Delaware John G. Townsend, Jr. Republican 1928
1934
Incumbent lost re-election.
New senator elected.
Democratic gain.
James M. Tunnell (Democratic) 50.6%
John G. Townsend, Jr. (Republican) 47.3%
William F Allen (Liberal Democratic) 2.1%
Florida Charles O. Andrews Democratic 1936 (Special) Incumbent re-elected. Charles O. Andrews (Democratic)
Unopposed
Indiana Sherman Minton Democratic 1934 Incumbent lost re-election.
New senator elected.
Republican gain.
Raymond E. Willis (Republican) 50.5%
Sherman Minton (Democratic) 49.1%
Carl W. Thompson (Prohibition) 0.3%
John H. Kingsbury (Socialist) 0.1%
Maine Frederick Hale Republican 1916
1922
1928
1934
Incumbent retired.
New senator elected.
Republican hold.
Ralph O. Brewster (Republican) 58.6%
Louis J. Brann (Democratic) 41.3%
Maryland George L. P. Radcliffe Democratic 1934 Incumbent re-elected. George L. P. Radcliffe (Democratic) 64.7%
Harry W. Nice (Republican) 33.5%
Massachusetts David I. Walsh Democratic 1926 (Special)
1928
1934
Incumbent re-elected. David I. Walsh (Democratic) 55.6%
Henry Parkman, Jr. (Republican) 42.8%
Michigan Arthur H. Vandenberg Republican 1928 (Appointed)
1928 (Special)
1928
1934
Incumbent re-elected. Arthur H. Vandenberg (Republican) 52.7%
Frank Fitzpatrick (Democratic) 47.0%
Minnesota Henrik Shipstead Farmer–Labor 1922
1928
1934
Incumbent re-elected as a Republican.
Republican gain.
Henrik Shipstead (Republican) 53.0%
Elmer Austin Benson (Farmer–Labor) 25.7%
John E. Regan (Democratic) 20.6%
Mississippi Theodore G. Bilbo Democratic 1934 Incumbent re-elected. Theodore G. Bilbo (Democratic)
Unopposed
Missouri Harry S. Truman Democratic 1934 Incumbent re-elected. Harry S. Truman (Democratic) 51.2%
Manvel H. Davis (Republican) 48.7%
W. F. Rinck (Socialist) 0.1%
Theodore Baeff (Socialist Labor) 0.01%
Montana Burton K. Wheeler Democratic 1922
1928
1934
Incumbent re-elected. Burton K. Wheeler (Democratic) 73.4%
E. K. Cheadle (Republican) 26.6%
Nebraska Edward R. Burke Democratic 1934 Incumbent lost renomination.
New senator elected.
Republican gain.
Hugh Butler (Republican) 57.0%
R. L. Cochran (Democratic) 41.5%
Nevada Key Pittman Democratic 1913 (Special)
1916
1922
1928
1934
Incumbent re-elected.
Winner died November 10, 1940 and Berkeley L. Bunker (D) was appointed both to finish the term and to start the next term.
Key Pittman (Democratic) 60.5%
Samuel Platt (Republican) 39.5%
New Jersey W. Warren Barbour Republican 1931 (Appointed)
1932 (Special)
1936 (Lost)
1938 (Special)
Incumbent re-elected. W. Warren Barbour (Republican) 55.1%
James H. R. Cromwell (Democratic) 44.1%
New Mexico Dennis Chavez Democratic 1935 (Appointed)
1936 (Special)
Incumbent re-elected. Dennis Chavez (Democratic) 56.0%
Albert K. Mitchell (Republican) 44.1%
New York James M. Mead Democratic 1938 (Special) Incumbent re-elected. James M. Mead (Democratic) 53.3%
Bruce Barton (Republican) 46.7%
North Dakota Lynn J. Frazier Republican (Nonpartisan League) 1922
1928
1934
Incumbent lost renomination.
New senator elected.
Republican hold.
William Langer (Republican-NPL) 38.1%
William Lemke (Independent) 35.1%
Charles V. Vogel (Democratic) 26.5%
Ohio A. Victor Donahey Democratic 1934 Incumbent retired.
New senator elected.
Republican gain.
Harold H. Burton (Republican) 52.4%
John McSweeney (Democratic) 47.6%
Pennsylvania Joseph F. Guffey Democratic 1934 Incumbent re-elected. Joseph F. Guffey (Democratic) 51.8%
Jay Cooke (Republican) 47.4%
Rhode Island Peter G. Gerry Democratic 1916
1922
1928 (Lost)
1934
Incumbent re-elected. Peter G. Gerry (Democratic) 55.2%
James O. McManus (Republican) 44.8%
Tennessee Kenneth D. McKellar Democratic 1916
1922
1928
1934
Incumbent re-elected. Kenneth D. McKellar (Democratic) 70.8%
Howard H. Baker, Sr. (Republican) 29.2%
Texas Tom Connally Democratic 1928
1934
Incumbent re-elected. Tom Connally (Democratic) 94.3%
George I. Shannon (Republican) 5.7%
Utah William H. King Democratic 1916
1922
1928 (Lost)
1934
Incumbent lost renomination.
New senator elected.
Democratic hold.
Abe Murdock (Democratic) 62.9%
Philo T. Farnsworth, Jr. (Republican) 37.2%
Vermont Warren R. Austin Republican 1931 (Special)
1934
Incumbent re-elected. Warren R. Austin (Republican) 66.5%
Ona S. Searles (Democratic) 33.6%
Virginia Harry F. Byrd Democratic 1933 (Appointed)
1933 (Special)
1934
Incumbent re-elected. Harry F. Byrd (Democratic) 93.3
Washington Lewis B. Schwellenbach Democratic 1934 Incumbent retired.
New senator elected.
Democratic hold.
Incumbent resigned December 16, 1940.
Winner appointed to finish the term.
Monrad Wallgren (Democratic) 54.2%
Stephen F. Chadwick (Republican) 45.8%
West Virginia Rush Holt Democratic 1934 Incumbent lost renomination.
New senator elected.
Democratic hold.
Harley M. Kilgore (Democratic) 56.3%
Thomas Sweeney (Republican) 43.7%
Wisconsin Robert M. La Follette Jr. Progressive 1925 (Special)
1928
1934
Incumbent re-elected. Robert M. La Follette Jr. (Progressive) 45.3%
Fred H. Clausen (Republican) 41.4%
James E. Finnegan (Democratic) 13.2%
Wyoming Joseph C. O'Mahoney Democratic 1933 (Appointed)
1934
Incumbent re-elected. Joseph C. O'Mahoney (Democratic) 58.7%
Milward Simpson (Republican) 41.3%

Elections during the 77th Congress

In these elections, the winners were elected in 1941 after January 3; sorted by election date.

State Incumbent Results Candidates
Senator Party Electoral history
Texas
(Class 2)
Andrew Jackson Houston Democratic 1941 (Appointed) Interim appointee died June 26, 1941.
New senator elected August 4, 1941.
Democratic hold.
W. Lee O'Daniel (Democratic)
[Data unknown/missing. You can help!]
Mississippi
(Class 2)
James Eastland Democratic 1941 (Appointed) Interim appointee retired.
New senator elected September 29, 1941.
Democratic hold.
Wall Doxey (Democratic)
[Data unknown/missing. You can help!]
South Carolina
(Class 2)
Roger C. Peace Democratic 1941 (Appointed) Interim appointee retired.
New senator elected November 5, 1941.
Democratic hold.
Burnet R. Maybank (Democratic)
[Data unknown/missing. You can help!]

Arizona

United States Senate election in Arizona, 1940[4]
Party Candidate Votes % ±
Democratic Ernest McFarland 101,495 71.61%
Republican Irving A. Jennings, Sr. 39,657 27.98%
Prohibition A. Walter Gehres 579 0.41%
Majority 61,838 43.63%
Turnout 141,731
Democratic gain from Republican Swing

Connecticut

United States Senate election in Connecticut, 1940[5]
Party Candidate Votes % ±
Democratic Francis T. Maloney 416,740 53.15%
Republican Paul L. Cornell 358,313 45.70%
Socialist Kenneth W. Thurlow 6,557 0.84%
Socialist Labor James A. Hutchin 1,343 0,17%
Communist Isadore Wofsy 1,114 0,14%
Majority 58,427 12.45%
Turnout 784,067
Democratic hold

Massachusetts

United States Senate election in Massachusetts, 1940[6]
Party Candidate Votes % ±
Democratic David I. Walsh 1,088,838 55.64
Republican Henry Parkman, Jr. 838,122 42.38
Prohibition George L. Thompson 9,632 0.49
Communist Philip Frankfeld 9,465 0.48
Socialist George Lyman Paine 6,876 0.35
Socialist Labor Horace I. Hillis 4,133 0.21

Missouri

Missouri United States Senate election, 1940[2]
Party Candidate Votes %
Democratic Harry S. Truman (incumbent) 930,775 51.17
Republican Manvel H. Davis 886,376 48.73
Socialist W.F. Rinck 1,669 0.09
Socialist Labor Theodore Baeff 196 0.01
Total votes 1,819,016 100

Montana

United States Senate election in Montana, 1940[2]
Party Candidate Votes % ±
Democratic Burton K. Wheeler (inc.) 176,753 73.43% +3.29%
Republican E. K. Cheadle 63,941 26.57% -2.17%
Majority 112,812 46.87% +5.47%
Turnout 240,694
Democratic hold Swing

New York

The whole ticket nominated by Democrats and American Laborites was elected.

Democratic ticket Republican ticket American Labor ticket Prohibition ticket
James M. Mead 2,893,407 Bruce Barton 2,868,252 James M. Mead 381,359 Stephen W. Paine 4,944

Pennsylvania

General election results[2]
Party Candidate Votes % ±
Democratic Joseph F. Guffey (inc.) 2,069,980 51.79% +1.01%
Republican Jay Cooke 1,893,104 47.36% -0.90%
Socialist David H.H. Felix 15,449 0.39% 0.00%
Prohibition H. B. Mansell 11,113 0.28% -0.40%
Communist Carl Reeve 4,761 0.12% -0.09%
Socialist Labor Frank Knotek 2,503 0.06% -0.10%
N/A Other 110 0.00% N/A
Totals 3,997,020 100.00%

Vermont

United States Senate election in Vermont, 1940[7]
Party Candidate Votes % ±
Republican Warren Austin (inc.) 93,283 66.4
Democratic Ona S. Searles 47,101 33.6
Total votes 140,384 100

Vermont (Special)

United States Senate special election in Vermont, 1940[7]
Party Candidate Votes % ±
Republican George Aiken 87,150 61.6%
Democratic Herbert B. Comings 54,263 38.4%
Total votes 141,413 100.0%

Virginia

United States Senate election in Virginia, 1940[2]
Party Candidate Votes % ±
Democratic Harry F. Byrd, Sr. (inc.) 274,260 93.32% +17.36%
Independent Hilliard Berstein 11,159 3.80%
Independent Alice Burke 8,250 2.81%
Write-ins 212 0.07% +0.05%
Majority 263,101 89.53% +34.50%
Turnout 293,881
Democratic hold

See also

References

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