United States Senate elections, 1796 and 1797

United States Senate elections, 1796 and 1797
United States
Dates vary by state

11 of the 32 seats in the United States Senate (plus special elections)
17 seats needed for a majority

  Majority party Minority party
 
Party Federalist Democratic-Republican
Last election 20 seats 10 seats
Seats before 19 12
Seats won 9 1
Seats after 20 10
Seat change Increase 1 Decrease 2
Seats up 8 3

Majority party before election

Federalist

Elected Majority party

Federalist

The United States Senate elections of 1796 and 1797 were elections for the United States Senate which, coinciding with John Adams's election as President, had the ruling Federalist Party gain one seat.

As these elections were prior to ratification of the seventeenth amendment, Senators were chosen by State legislatures.

Results summary

Senate Party Division, 5th Congress (1797–1799)

Change in Senate composition

Before the elections

After the August 2, 1796 admission of Tennessee.

DR6 DR5 DR4 DR3 DR2 DR1
DR7 DR8 DR9 DR10
Ran
DR11
Ran
DR12
Unknown
V1 F19
Resigned
F18
Resigned
F17
Ran
Majority →
F7 F8 F9 F10 F11 F12
Ran
F13
Ran
F14
Ran
F15
Ran
F16
Ran
F6 F5 F4 F3 F2 F1

Results of the elections

DR6 DR5 DR4 DR3 DR2 DR1
DR7 DR8 DR9 DR10
Re-elected
V2
DR Loss
V1 F20
Gain
F19
Hold
F18
Hold
F17
Re-elected
Majority →
F7 F8 F9 F10 F11 F12
Re-elected
F13
Re-elected
F14
Re-elected
F15
Re-elected
F16
Re-elected
F6 F5 F4 F3 F2 F1

Beginning of the next Congress

DR6 DR5 DR4 DR3 DR2 DR1
DR7 DR8 DR9 DR10
Hold
V2 F21
Gain
F20
Hold
F19
Hold
F18 F17
Majority →
F7 F8 F9 F10 F11 F12 F13 F14 F15 F16
F6 F5 F4 F3 F2 F1
Key:
DR# Democratic-Republican
F# Federalist
V# Vacant

Race summaries

Special elections during the 4th Congress

In these special elections, the winner was seated before March 4, 1797; ordered by election date.

State Incumbent Results Candidates
Senator Party Electoral history
Georgia
(Class 3)
George Walton Federalist 1795 (Appointed) Appointee retired when successor elected.
Winner elected February 20, 1796.
Democratic-Republican gain.
Josiah Tattnall (Democratic-Republican)
[Data unknown/missing. You can help!]
Connecticut
(Class 1)
Oliver Ellsworth Federalist 1788
1791
Incumbent resigned to become Chief Justice of the United States.
Winner elected May 12, 1796.
Federalist hold.
James Hillhouse (Federalist)
[Data unknown/missing. You can help!]
Massachusetts
(Class 1)
George Cabot Federalist 1790 Incumbent resigned June 9, 1796.
Winner elected June 11, 1796.
Federalist hold.
Benjamin Goodhue (Federalist)
[Data unknown/missing. You can help!]
Massachusetts
(Class 2)
Caleb Strong Federalist 1789
1793
Incumbent resigned June 1, 1796.
Winner elected June 11, 1796.
Federalist hold.
Theodore Sedgwick (Federalist)
[Data unknown/missing. You can help!]
Connecticut
(Class 3)
Jonathan Trumbull, Jr. Federalist 1794 or 1795 Incumbent resigned June 10, 1796 to become Lieutenant Governor of Connecticut.
Winner elected October 13, 1796.
Federalist hold.
Uriah Tracy (Federalist)
[Data unknown/missing. You can help!]
Vermont
(Class 1)
Moses Robinson Federalist 1791 (New state) Incumbent resigned October 15, 1796.
Winner elected October 18, 1796.
Federalist hold.
Isaac Tichenor (Federalist)
[Data unknown/missing. You can help!]
New York
(Class 3)
Rufus King Federalist 1789
1795
Incumbent resigned May 23, 1796 to become U.S. Minister to Great Britain.
Winner elected November 9, 1796.
Federalist hold.
John Laurance (Federalist)
[Data unknown/missing. You can help!]
Maryland
(Class 1)
Richard Potts Federalist 1793 (Special) Incumbent resigned October 24, 1796.
Winner elected November 30, 1796.
Federalist hold.
John Eager Howard (Federalist)
[Data unknown/missing. You can help!]
South Carolina
(Class 2)
Pierce Butler Democratic-
Republican
1789
1793
Incumbent resigned October 25, 1796.
Winner elected December 8, 1796.
Democratic-Republican hold.
John Hunter (Democratic-Republican)
[Data unknown/missing. You can help!]

Races leading to the 5th Congress

In these general elections, the winner was seated on March 4, 1797; ordered by state.

All of the elections involved the Class 1 seats.

State Incumbent Results Candidates
Senator Party Electoral history
Connecticut James Hillhouse Federalist 1796 (Special) Incumbent re-elected in 1797. James Hillhouse (Federalist)
[Data unknown/missing. You can help!]
Delaware Henry Latimer Federalist 1795 (Special) Incumbent re-elected in 1796. Henry Latimer (Federalist)
[Data unknown/missing. You can help!]
Maryland John Eager Howard Federalist 1796 (Special) Incumbent re-elected December 9, 1796. John Eager Howard (Federalist)
[Data unknown/missing. You can help!]
Massachusetts George Cabot Federalist 1790 Incumbent resigned June 9, 1796.
Winner elected June 11, 1796.
Federalist hold.
Winner also elected to finish the current term, see above.
Benjamin Goodhue (Federalist)
[Data unknown/missing. You can help!]
New Jersey John Rutherfurd Federalist 1790 Incumbent re-elected in 1796. John Rutherfurd (Federalist)
[Data unknown/missing. You can help!]
New York Aaron Burr Democratic-
Republican
1791 Incumbent lost re-election.
Winner elected January 24, 1797.
Federalist gain.
Philip Schuyler (Federalist)
[Data unknown/missing. You can help!]
Pennsylvania James Ross Federalist 1794 (Special) Incumbent re-elected in 1797. James Ross (Federalist)
[Data unknown/missing. You can help!]
Rhode Island Theodore Foster Federalist 1790
1791
Incumbent re-elected in 1797. Theodore Foster (Federalist)
[Data unknown/missing. You can help!]
Tennessee William Cocke Democratic-
Republican
1796 Legislature failed to elect.
Democratic-Republican loss.
Incumbent later appointed to continue term.[1]
None
Vermont Moses Robinson Federalist 1791 (New state) Incumbent resigned October 15, 1796.
Winner elected October 18, 1796.
Federalist hold.
Winner also elected to finish the current term, see above.
Isaac Tichenor (Federalist)
[Data unknown/missing. You can help!]
Virginia Stevens Mason Democratic-
Republican
1794 (Special) Incumbent re-elected in 1797. Stevens Mason (Democratic-Republican)
[Data unknown/missing. You can help!]

Special elections during the 5th Congress

In these special elections, the winners were seated after March 4, 1797, the beginning of the next Congress.

State Incumbent Results Candidates
Senator Party Electoral history
Tennessee
(Class 2)
William Blount Democratic-
Republican
1796 Incumbent expelled July 8, 1797.[2]
Winner elected July 8, 1797.
Democratic-Republican hold.
Joseph Anderson (Democratic-Republican)
[Data unknown/missing. You can help!]
Tennessee
(Class 1)
William Cocke Democratic-
Republican
1796
1797 (Appointed)
Appointee did not stand for election.
Winner elected September 26, 1797.
Democratic-Republican hold.
Andrew Jackson (Democratic-Republican)
[Data unknown/missing. You can help!]
Vermont
(Class 1)
Isaac Tichenor Federalist 1796 (Special) Incumbent resigned October 17, 1797 to become Governor of Vermont.
Winner elected October 17, 1797.
Federalist hold.
Nathaniel Chipman (Federalist)
[Data unknown/missing. You can help!]
Rhode Island
(Class 2)
William Bradford Federalist 1793 Incumbent resigned in October 1797.
Winner elected November 13, 1797.
Federalist hold.
Ray Greene (Federalist)
[Data unknown/missing. You can help!]
Maryland
(Class 3)
John Henry Federalist 1789
1795
Incumbent resigned July 10, 1797 to become Governor of Maryland.
Winner elected December 8, 1797.
Federalist hold.
James Lloyd (Federalist)
[Data unknown/missing. You can help!]

See also

References

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