United States Senate elections, 1926

November 2, 1926^[1]

32 of the 96 seats in the United States Senate
49 seats needed for a majority

	Majority party	Minority party

Leader	Charles Curtis	Joseph Robinson
Party	Republican	Democratic
Leader's seat	Kansas	Arkansas
Seats before	56	39
Seats after	50	45
Seat change	6	6
Seats up	25	7
Races won	19	13

	Third party

Party	Farmer–Labor
Last election	1 seat
Seats before	1
Seats after	1
Seat change
Seats up	0
Races won	0

Results including special elections
Democratic gains Republican gains
Democratic holds Republican holds

Majority Leader before election

Charles Curtis
Republican

Elected Majority Leader

Charles Curtis
Republican

The United States Senate elections of 1926 were elections for the United States Senate that occurred in the middle of Republican President Calvin Coolidge's second term. The Republican majority was reduced by six seats.

Gains and losses

Six Republican incumbents lost re-election to Democrats:

Arizona: Republican incumbent Ralph H. Cameron lost to Democrat Carl Hayden.
Kentucky: Republican incumbent Richard P. Ernst lost to Democrat Alben W. Barkley.
Maryland: Republican incumbent Ovington E. Weller lost to Democrat Millard E. Tydings.
Missouri: Republican interim appointee George H. Williams lost to Democrat Harry B. Hawes both to finish the term and to the next term.
New York: Republican incumbent James W. Wadsworth, Jr. lost to Democrat Robert F. Wagner.
Oklahoma: Republican incumbent John W. Harreld lost to Democrat Elmer Thomas.

An additional Democratic seat was gained in a special election:

Massachusetts: Republican interim appointee William M. Butler lost to Democrat David I. Walsh.

Five Republican incumbents lost renomination, but their seats were held by Republicans:

Colorado: Republican incumbent Rice W. Means lost renomination to Republican challenger Charles W. Waterman, who then won the general election.
Illinois: Republican incumbent William B. McKinley lost renomination to Republican challenger Republican challenger Frank L. Smith, who then won the general election.
Oregon: Republican incumbent Robert N. Stanfield lost renomination to Republican challenger Frederick Steiwer, who then won the general election.
Pennsylvania: Republican incumbent George W. Pepper lost renomination to Republican challenger William S. Vare, who then won the general election.
Wisconsin: Republican incumbent Irvine L. Lenroot lost renomination to Republican challenger John J. Blaine, who then won the general election.

No Democratic incumbents lost re-election or renomination. The only change in a Democratic seat was in Alabama, where Democrat Oscar Underwood retired and was replaced by Democrat Hugo L. Black.

No third party candidates won these elections. The sole third party incumbent (from the Farmer–Labor Party) was not up for election this year.

Results summary

All 32 Class 3 Senators were up for election in 1926; Class 3 consisted of 7 Democrats and 25 Republicans. Of the Senators not up for election, 32 Senators were Democrats, 31 Senators were Republicans and one Senator was a Farmer–Labor.

Parties		Democratic	Republican	Farmer–Labor	Other	Total
Parties						Total
Before these elections		39	56	1	—	96
Not up		32	31	1	—	64
	Class 1 (1922→1928)	21	10	1	—	32
	Class 2 (1924→1930)	11	21	—	—	33
Up		7	29	0	—	36
	Class 3 (1920→1926)	7	25	0	—	32
	Special: All classes	0	4	0	—	4

General election
Incumbent retired		1	1	—	—	2
	Held by same party	1	1	—	—	2
	Replaced by other party	0	0	—	—	0
	Result	1	1	—	—	2
Incumbent ran		6	24	—	—	30
	Won re-election	6	13	—	—	19
	Lost re-election	6 Republicans replaced by 6 Democrats	—	—	6
	Lost renomination but held by same party	0	5	—	—	5
	Result	12	19	—	—	31

Total elected		13	20	—	—	33
Net gain/loss		6	6

Nationwide vote		?	?	?	?	?
	Share	?	?	?	?	100%

Result		45	50	1	—	96

Change in Senate composition

Before the elections

At the beginning of 1926.

R₃₉ Ran	R₄₀ Ran	R₄₁ Ran	R₄₂ Ran	R₄₃ Ran	R₄₄ Ran	R₄₅ Ran	R₄₆ Ran	R₄₇ Ran	R₄₈ Ran
		D₁	D₂	D₃	D₄	D₅	D₆	D₇	D₈
D₁₈	D₁₇	D₁₆	D₁₅	D₁₄	D₁₃	D₁₂	D₁₁	D₁₀	D₉
D₁₉	D₂₀	D₂₁	D₂₂	D₂₃	D₂₄	D₂₅	D₂₆	D₂₇	D₂₈
D₃₈ Ran	D₃₇ Ran	D₃₆ Ran	D₃₅ Ran	D₃₄ Ran	D₃₃ Ran	D₃₂	D₃₁	D₃₀	D₂₉
D₃₉ Retired	FL₁	R₅₆ Retired	R₅₅ Ran	R₅₄ Ran	R₅₃ Ran	R₅₂ Ran	R₅₁ Ran	R₅₀ Ran	R₄₉ Ran
Majority →
R₃₈ Ran	R₃₇ Ran	R₃₆ Ran	R₃₅ Ran	R₃₄ Ran	R₃₃ Ran	R₃₂ Ran	R₃₁	R₃₀	R₂₉
R₁₉	R₂₀	R₂₁	R₂₂	R₂₃	R₂₄	R₂₅	R₂₆	R₂₇	R₂₈
R₁₈	R₁₇	R₁₆	R₁₅	R₁₄	R₁₃	R₁₂	R₁₁	R₁₀	R₉
		R₁	R₂	R₃	R₄	R₅	R₆	R₇	R₈

After the general elections

R₃₉ Re-elected	R₄₀ Re-elected	R₄₁ Re-elected	R₄₂ Re-elected	R₄₃ Re-elected	R₄₄ Re-elected	R₄₅ Hold	R₄₆ Hold	R₄₇ Hold	R₄₈ Hold
		D₁	D₂	D₃	D₄	D₅	D₆	D₇	D₈
D₁₈	D₁₇	D₁₆	D₁₅	D₁₄	D₁₃	D₁₂	D₁₁	D₁₀	D₉
D₁₉	D₂₀	D₂₁	D₂₂	D₂₃	D₂₄	D₂₅	D₂₆	D₂₇	D₂₈
D₃₈ Re-elected	D₃₇ Re-elected	D₃₆ Re-elected	D₃₅ Re-elected	D₃₄ Re-elected	D₃₃ Re-elected	D₃₂	D₃₁	D₃₀	D₂₉
D₃₉ Hold	D₄₀ Gain	D₄₁ Gain	D₄₂ Gain	D₄₃ Gain	D₄₄ Gain	D₄₅ Gain	FL₁	R₅₀ Ran	R₄₉ Hold
Majority →
R₃₈ Re-elected	R₃₇ Re-elected	R₃₆ Re-elected	R₃₅ Re-elected	R₃₄ Re-elected	R₃₃ Re-elected	R₃₂ Re-elected	R₃₁	R₃₀	R₂₉
R₁₉	R₂₀	R₂₁	R₂₂	R₂₃	R₂₄	R₂₅	R₂₆	R₂₇	R₂₈
R₁₈	R₁₇	R₁₆	R₁₅	R₁₄	R₁₃	R₁₂	R₁₁	R₁₀	R₉
		R₁	R₂	R₃	R₄	R₅	R₆	R₇	R₈

After the November special elections

		D₁	D₂	D₃	D₄	D₅	D₆	D₇	D₈
D₁₈	D₁₇	D₁₆	D₁₅	D₁₄	D₁₃	D₁₂	D₁₁	D₁₀	D₉
D₁₉	D₂₀	D₂₁	D₂₂	D₂₃	D₂₄	D₂₅	D₂₆	D₂₇	D₂₈
D₃₈	D₃₇	D₃₆	D₃₅	D₃₄	D₃₃	D₃₂	D₃₁	D₃₀	D₂₉
D₃₉	D₄₀	D₄₁	D₄₂	D₄₃	D₄₄	D₄₅ Gain, like general	D₄₆ Gain	FL₁	R₄₉ Hold, like general election
Majority →
R₃₉	R₄₀	R₄₁	R₄₂	R₄₃	R₄₄	R₄₅	R₄₆	R₄₇	R₄₈
R₃₈	R₃₇	R₃₆	R₃₅	R₃₄	R₃₃	R₃₂	R₃₁ Appointee elected	R₃₀	R₂₉
R₁₉	R₂₀	R₂₁	R₂₂	R₂₃	R₂₄	R₂₅	R₂₆	R₂₇	R₂₈
R₁₈	R₁₇	R₁₆	R₁₅	R₁₄	R₁₃	R₁₂	R₁₁	R₁₀	R₉
		R₁	R₂	R₃	R₄	R₅	R₆	R₇	R₈

At the beginning of the next Congress

		D₁	D₂	D₃	D₄	D₅	D₆	D₇	D₈
D₁₈	D₁₇	D₁₆	D₁₅	D₁₄	D₁₃	D₁₂	D₁₁	D₁₀	D₉
D₁₉	D₂₀	D₂₁	D₂₂	D₂₃	D₂₄	D₂₅	D₂₆	D₂₇	D₂₈
D₃₈	D₃₇	D₃₆	D₃₅	D₃₄	D₃₃	D₃₂	D₃₁	D₃₀	D₂₉
D₃₉	D₄₀	D₄₁	D₄₂	D₄₃	D₄₄	D₄₅	D₄₆	D₄₇ Challenged election	FL₁
Plurality →									R₄₈
R₃₉	R₄₀	R₄₁	R₄₂	R₄₃	R₄₄	R₄₅	R₄₆	R₄₇
R₃₈	R₃₇	R₃₆	R₃₅	R₃₄	R₃₃	R₃₂	R₃₁	R₃₀	R₂₉
R₁₉	R₂₀	R₂₁	R₂₂	R₂₃	R₂₄	R₂₅	R₂₆	R₂₇	R₂₈
R₁₈	R₁₇	R₁₆	R₁₅	R₁₄	R₁₃	R₁₂	R₁₁	R₁₀	R₉
		R₁	R₂	R₃	R₄	R₅	R₆	R₇	R₈

Key:

D_#	Democratic
FL_#	Farmer–Labor
R_#	Republican

Race summaries

Special elections during the 69th Congress

In these special elections, the winners were seated during 1926 or before March 4, 1927; ordered by election date.

State	Incumbent			Results	Candidates
State	Senator	Party	Electoral history	Results	Candidates
North Dakota (Class 3)	Gerald Nye	Republican	1926 (Appointed)	Interim appointee elected June 30, 1926. Winner was also elected to the next term, see below.	√ Gerald Nye (Republican) [Data unknown/missing. You can help!]
Maine (Class 2)	Bert M. Fernald	Republican	1916 (Special) 1918 1924	Incumbent died August 23, 1926. New senator elected September 13, 1926. Republican hold.	√ Arthur J. Gould (Republican) 71.8% Fulton J. Redman (Democratic) 28.2%
Iowa (Class 3)	David W. Stewart	Republican	1926 (Appointed)	Interim appointee elected November 2, 1926. Winner did not seek election to the next term, see below.	√ David W. Stewart (Republican) Unopposed
Indiana (Class 1)	Arthur Raymond Robinson	Republican	1925 (Appointed)	Interim appointee elected November 2, 1926.	√ Arthur Raymond Robinson (Republican) 50.6% Evans Woollen (Democratic) 48.4% Albert Stanley (Prohibitionist) 0.5% William O. Fogleson (Socialist) 0.5%
Massachusetts (Class 1)	William M. Butler	Republican	1924 (Appointed)	Interim appointee lost election. New senator elected November 2, 1926. Democratic gain.	√ David I. Walsh (Democratic) 52.0% William M. Butler (Republican) 46.5%
Missouri (Class 3)	George H. Williams	Republican	1925 (Appointed)	Interim appointee lost election. New senator elected November 2, 1926. Democratic gain. Winner also elected to the next term, see below.	√ Harry B. Hawes (Democratic) 52.1% George H. Williams (Republican) 47.9%

Elections leading to the 70th Congress

In these general elections, the winners were elected for the term beginning March 4, 1927; ordered by state.

All of the elections involved the Class 3 seats.

State	Incumbent			Results	Candidates
State	Senator	Party	Electoral history	Results	Candidates
Alabama	Oscar Underwood	Democratic	1914 1920	Incumbent retired. New senator elected. Democratic hold.	√ Hugo L. Black (Democratic) 80.9% E. H. Dryer (Republican) 19.1%
Arizona	Ralph H. Cameron	Republican	1920	Incumbent lost re-election. New senator elected. Democratic gain.	√ Carl Hayden (Democratic) 58.3% Ralph H. Cameron (Republican) 41.7%
Arkansas	Thaddeus H. Caraway	Democratic	1920	Incumbent re-elected.	√ Thaddeus H. Caraway (Democratic) 82.8% R. A. Jones (Republican) 17.2%
California	Samuel M. Shortridge	Republican	1920	Incumbent re-elected.	√ Samuel M. Shortridge (Republican) 63.1% John B. Elliott (Democratic) 36.9%
Colorado	Rice W. Means	Republican	1924 (Special)	Incumbent lost renomination. New senator elected. Republican hold.	√ Charles W. Waterman (Republican) 50.3% William E. Sweet (Democratic) 46.4%
Connecticut	Hiram Bingham III	Republican	1924 (Special)	Incumbent re-elected.	√ Hiram Bingham III (Republican) 63.3% Rollin U. Tyler (Democratic) 35.6%
Florida	Duncan U. Fletcher	Democratic	1908 1914 1920	Incumbent re-elected.	√ Duncan U. Fletcher (Democratic) 77.9% John M. Lindsay (Independent) 12.8%
Georgia	Walter F. George	Democratic	1922 (Special)	Incumbent re-elected.	√ Walter F. George (Democratic) Unopposed
Idaho	Frank R. Gooding	Republican	1920	Incumbent re-elected.	√ Frank R. Gooding (Republican) 45.4% H. F. Samuels (Progressive) 29.6% John F. Nugent (Democratic) 25.0%
Illinois	William B. McKinley	Republican	1920	Incumbent lost renomination, then died. New senator elected. Winner appointed to finish term, but was not seated for either appointment or for next term.^[2] Republican hold, although the Senate did not consider the winner to be a Senator.	√ Frank L. Smith (Republican) 46.9% George E. Brennan (Democratic) 43.1% Hugh S. Magill (Independent) 8.7%
Indiana	James E. Watson	Republican	1916 (Special) 1920	Incumbent re-elected.	√ James E. Watson (Republican) 50.0% Albert Stump (Democratic) 48.9% William H. Harris (Prohibitionist) 0.5% Forrest Wallace (Socialist) 0.5%
Iowa	David W. Stewart	Republican	1926 (Appointed)	Interim appointee retired. New senator elected. Republican hold. Winner did not run to finish the term, see above.	√ Smith W. Brookhart (Republican) 56.6% Claude R. Porter (Democratic) 43.4%
Kansas	Charles Curtis	Republican	1914 1920	Incumbent re-elected.	√ Charles Curtis (Republican), 63.6% Charles Stephens (Democratic) 34.7% M.L. Phillips (Socialist) 1.7%
Kentucky	Richard P. Ernst	Republican	1920	Incumbent lost re-election. New senator elected. Democratic gain.	√ Alben W. Barkley (Democratic) 51.8% Richard P. Ernst (Republican) 48.2%
Louisiana	Edwin S. Broussard	Democratic	1920	Incumbent re-elected.	√ Edwin S. Broussard (Democratic) Unopposed
Maryland	Ovington E. Weller	Republican	1920	Incumbent lost re-election. New senator elected. Democratic gain.	√ Millard E. Tydings (Democratic) 57.5% Ovington E. Weller (Republican) 41.4% William A. Toole (Socialist) 1.1%
Missouri	George H. Williams	Republican	1925 (Appointed)	Incumbent appointee lost election. New senator elected. Democratic gain. Winner also elected to finish the current term, see above.	√ Harry B. Hawes (Democratic) 51.3% George H. Williams (Republican) 47.7%
Nevada	Tasker L. Oddie	Republican	1920	Incumbent re-elected.	√ Tasker L. Oddie (Republican), 55.8% Raymond T. Baker (Democratic) 42.5%
New Hampshire	George H. Moses	Republican	1918 (Special) 1920	Incumbent re-elected.	√ George H. Moses (Republican), 62.3% Robert C. Murchie (Democratic) 37.7%
New York	James Wadsworth	Republican	1914 1920	Incumbent lost re-election. New senator elected. Democratic gain.	√ Robert F. Wagner (Democratic) 46.5% James Wadsworth (Republican) 42.4% Franklin W. Cristman (Indep. Republican) 8.2%
North Carolina	Lee S. Overman	Democratic	1903 1909 1914 1920	Incumbent re-elected.	√ Lee S. Overman (Democratic), 60.5% Johnson J. Hayes (Republican) 39.5%
North Dakota	Gerald P. Nye	Republican	1925 (Appointed) 1926 (Special)	Incumbent re-elected.	√ Gerald P. Nye (Republican), 69.6% Norris H. Nelson (Independent) 12.2% F. F. Burchard (Democratic) 8.7% C. P. Stone (Independent) 6.3%
Ohio	Frank B. Willis	Republican	1920	Incumbent re-elected.	√ Frank B. Willis (Republican), 53.2% Atlee Pomerene (Democratic) 46.6%
Oklahoma	John W. Harreld	Republican	1920	Incumbent lost re-election. New senator elected. Democratic gain.	√ Elmer Thomas (Democratic) 54.8% John W. Harreld (Republican) 44.7%
Oregon	Robert N. Stanfield	Republican	1920	Incumbent lost renomination, then ran as an Independent but lost re-election. New senator elected. Republican hold.	√ Frederick Steiwer (Republican) 39.8% Bert E. Haney (Democratic) 36.3% Robert N. Stanfield (Independent) 22.5%
Pennsylvania	George W. Pepper	Republican	1922 (Appointed) 1922 (Special)	Incumbent lost renomination. New senator elected. Senate refused to qualify winner due to charges of corruption and fraud concerning the election. Republican hold, but the Senate would later unseat the winner and declare the seat vacant.	√ William S. Vare (Republican) 54.6% William B. Wilson (Democratic) 43.1%
South Carolina	Ellison D. Smith	Democratic	1908 1914 1920	Incumbent re-elected.	√ Ellison D. Smith (Democratic) Unopposed
South Dakota	Peter Norbeck	Republican	1920	Incumbent re-elected.	√ Peter Norbeck (Republican), 59.5% C. J. Gunderson (Democratic) 33.3% Howard Platt (Independent) 7.2%
Utah	Reed Smoot	Republican	1903 1909 1914 1920	Incumbent re-elected.	√ Reed Smoot (Republican), 61.5% Ashby Snow (Democratic) 37.6%
Vermont	Porter H. Dale	Republican	1923 (Special)	Incumbent re-elected.	√ Porter H. Dale (Republican), 73.4% James E. Kennedy (Democratic) 26.5%
Washington	Wesley L. Jones	Republican	1908 1914 1920	Incumbent re-elected.	√ Wesley L. Jones (Republican), 51.3% A. Scott Bullitt (Democratic) 46.5%
Wisconsin	Irvine L. Lenroot	Republican	1920	Incumbent lost renomination. New senator elected. Republican hold.	√ John J. Blaine (Republican) 55.0% Charles D. Rosa (Independent) 20.3% Thomas M. Kearney (Democratic) 12.2% Leo Krzycki (Socialist) 5.7%

References

↑ There were also special elections in June, September, and November 1926.
↑ Frank L. Smith defeated William B. McKinley for the 1926 Republican nomination in Illinois and won the subsequent general election. McKinley died shortly before the end of his term, so Smith was appointed to replace him. When Smith presented his credentials to serve the remainder of McKinely's term, the Senate refused to seat him based on what it saw as an election rife with fraud and corruption. When Smith returned with his credentials for the term he was elected to, the Senate again refused to seat him for the same reasons. Smith and the Governor considered him to be the rightful senator, but he resigned February 9, 1928.

United States Senate elections

Special elections
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List of elections in the United States
House elections
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