United States Senate elections, 1894 and 1895

United States Senate elections, 1894 and 1895
United States
Dates vary by state

30 of the 88 seats in the U.S. Senate
(as well as special elections)

45 seats needed for a majority

  Majority party Minority party
 
Party Republican Democratic
Seats before 37 44
Seats won 18 10
Seats after 39 40
Seat change Increase 2 Decrease 4
Seats up 16 14

  Third party Fourth party
 
Party Populist Silver Republican
Seats before 3 1
Seats won 1 0
Seats after 4 1
Seat change Increase 1 Steady
Seats up 0 0

Majority Party before election

Democratic

Elected Majority Party

Republican

The United States Senate elections of 1894 and 1895 were a slight Republican victory. It was a different story in the House where Democrats suffered massive losses. The senators elected went on to serve in the 54th Congress.

As these elections were prior to the ratification of the seventeenth amendment, senators were chosen by state legislatures.

Results summary

Senate Party Division, 54th Congress (1895–1897)

Change in Senate composition

Before the elections

D1 D2 D3 D4
D14 D13 D12 D11 D10 D9 D8 D7 D6 D5
D15 D16 D17 D18 D19 D20 D21 D22 D23 D24
D34
Ran
D33
Ran
D32
Ran
D31
Ran
D30 D29 D28 D27 D26 D25
D35
Ran
D36
Ran
D37
Ran
D38
Ran
D39
Unknown
D40
Unknown
D41
Unknown
D42
Retired
D43
Retired
V1
Majority with vacancies → V2
R35
Retired
R36
Retired
R37
Retired
SR1 P1 P2 P3 D44
Retired
V3
R34
Unknown
R33
Ran
R32
Ran
R31
Ran
R30
Ran
R29
Ran
R28
Ran
R27
Ran
R26
Ran
R25
Ran
R15 R16 R17 R18 R19 R20 R21 R22
Ran
R23
Ran
R24
Ran
R14 R13 R12 R11 R10 R9 R8 R7 R6 R5
R1 R2 R3 R4

Result of the general elections

D1 D2 D3 D4
D14 D13 D12 D11 D10 D9 D8 D7 D6 D5
D15 D16 D17 D18 D19 D20 D21 D22 D23 D24
D34
Re-elected
D33
Re-elected
D32
Re-elected
D31
Re-elected
D30 D29 D28 D27 D26 D25
D35
Hold
D36
Hold
D37
Hold
D38
Hold
D39
Hold
D40
Retired
P4
Gain
P3 V4
R Loss
V1
No majority V2
R35
Hold
R36
Hold
R37
Gain
R38
Gain
R39
Gain
SR1 P1 P2 V3
R34
Hold
R33
Hold
R32
Hold
R31
Hold
R30
Hold
R29
Re-elected
R28
Re-elected
R27
Re-elected
R26
Re-elected
R25
Re-elected
R15 R16 R17 R18 R19 R20 R21 R22
Re-elected
R23
Re-elected
R24
Re-elected
R14 R13 R12 R11 R10 R9 R8 R7 R6 R5
R1 R2 R3 R4

Beginning of the next Congress

D1 D2 D3 D4
D14 D13 D12 D11 D10 D9 D8 D7 D6 D5
D15 D16 D17 D18 D19 D20 D21 D22 D23 D24
D34 D33 D32 D31 D30 D29 D28 D27 D26 D25
D35 D36 D37 D38 D39 P4 P3 P2 P1 V1
Plurality ↓ SR1
R35 R36 R37 R38 R39
Gain
from D
R40
Gain
from V
R41
Gain
from V
R42
Gain
from V
S1
Change
from R
R34 R33 R32 R31 R30 R29 R28 R27 R26 R25
R15 R16 R17 R18 R19 R20 R21 R22 R23 R24
R14 R13 R12 R11 R10 R9 R8 R7 R6 R5
R1 R2 R3 R4
Key:
D# Democratic
P# Populist
R# Republican
S# Silver
SR# Silver Republican
V# Vacant

Race summaries

Elections during the 53rd Congress

In these elections, the winners were seated during 1894 or in 1895 before March 4; ordered by election date.

State Incumbent Results Candidates
Senator Party Electoral history
Mississippi
(Class 2)
Edward C. Walthall Democratic 1885 (Appointed)
1886 (Special)
1889
1892 (for term beginning 1895)
Incumbent resigned due to ill health.
New senator elected February 7, 1894.
Democratic hold.
Walthall, however, had already been re-elected to next term.[1]
Anselm J. McLaurin (Democratic)
[Data unknown/missing. You can help!]
Louisiana
(Class 2)
Donelson Caffery Democratic 1892 (Appointed) Interim appointee elected May 23, 1894.[2] Donelson Caffery (Democratic)
[Data unknown/missing. You can help!]
Louisiana
(Class 3)
Newton C. Blanchard Democratic 1894 (Appointed) Interim appointee elected May 23, 1894.[3] Newton C. Blanchard (Democratic)
[Data unknown/missing. You can help!]
Georgia
(Class 2)
Patrick Walsh Democratic 1894 (Appointed) Interim appointee elected November 7, 1894.[4] Patrick Walsh (Democratic)
[Data unknown/missing. You can help!]
North Carolina
(Class 3)
Thomas Jarvis Democratic 1894 (Appointed) Unknown if interim appointee retired or lost election to finish the term.
New senator elected November 7, 1894.
Republican gain.
New senator qualified January 23, 1895.
Jeter Pritchard (Republican)
[Data unknown/missing. You can help!]
Montana
(Class 1)
Vacant Legislature had failed to elect.
New senator elected January 16, 1895.
Lee Mantle (Republican)
[Data unknown/missing. You can help!]
Wyoming
(Class 1)
Vacant Legislature had failed to elect.
New senator elected January 23, 1895.
Clarence D. Clark (Republican)
[Data unknown/missing. You can help!]
California
(Class 3)
George C. Perkins Republican 1893 (Appointed) Interim appointee elected January 23, 1895.[5] George C. Perkins (Republican)
[Data unknown/missing. You can help!]
Michigan
(Class 1)
John Patton Jr. Republican 1894 (Appointed) Interim appointee lost election to finish the term.
New senator elected January 24, 1895.
Republican hold.
Julius C. Burrows (Republican)
[Data unknown/missing. You can help!]
Washington
(Class 1)
Vacant Legislature had failed to elect.
New senator elected February 1, 1895.
John L. Wilson (Republican)
[Data unknown/missing. You can help!]

Elections leading to the 54th Congress

In these general elections, the winners were elected for the term beginning March 4, 1895; ordered by state.

All of the elections involved the Class 2 seats.

State Incumbent Results Candidates
Senator Party Electoral
history
Alabama John Tyler Morgan Democratic 1876
1882
1888
Incumbent re-elected in 1894. John Tyler Morgan (Democratic)
[Data unknown/missing. You can help!]
Arkansas James Berry Democratic 1885 (Special)
1889
Incumbent re-elected in 1895. James Berry (Democratic)
[Data unknown/missing. You can help!]
Colorado Edward O. Wolcott Republican 1889 Incumbent re-elected in 1895. Edward O. Wolcott (Republican)
[Data unknown/missing. You can help!]
Delaware Anthony C. Higgins Republican 1888 or 1889 Incumbent lost re-election.
Failure to elect.
Republican loss.
Anthony C. Higgins (Republican)
[Data unknown/missing. You can help!]
Georgia Patrick Walsh Democratic 1894 (Special) Incumbent lost renomination.
New senator elected in 1894.
Democratic hold.
Augustus Bacon (Democratic)
[Data unknown/missing. You can help!]
Illinois Shelby M. Cullom Republican 1882
1888
Incumbent re-elected in 1894. Shelby M. Cullom (Republican)
[Data unknown/missing. You can help!]
Idaho George Shoup Republican 1890 Incumbent re-elected in 1895. George Shoup (Republican)
[Data unknown/missing. You can help!]
Iowa James F. Wilson Republican 1888 Incumbent retired.
New senator elected January 17, 1894.[6]
Republican hold.
John H. Gear (Republican)
Horace Boies (Democratic)
Kansas John Martin Democratic 1893 (Special) Unknown if incumbent retired or lost re-election.
New senator elected in January 1895.
Republican gain.
Lucien Baker (Republican)
[Data unknown/missing. You can help!]
Kentucky William Lindsay Democratic 1893 (Special) Incumbent re-elected January 17, 1894.[7] William Lindsay (Democratic)
[Data unknown/missing. You can help!]
Louisiana Donelson Caffery Democratic 1891 (Appointed)
1894
Incumbent re-elected May 14, 1894.[8] Donelson Caffery (Democratic) 97
Jones 21
Allen Barksdale 7[8]
Maine William P. Frye Republican 1881 (Special)
1883
1889
Incumbent re-elected in 1895. William P. Frye (Republican)
[Data unknown/missing. You can help!]
Massachusetts George Frisbie Hoar Republican 1877
1883
1889
Incumbent re-elected in 1895. George Frisbie Hoar (Republican)
[Data unknown/missing. You can help!]
Michigan James McMillan Republican 1889 Incumbent re-elected in 1895. James McMillan (Republican)
[Data unknown/missing. You can help!]
Minnesota William D. Washburn Republican 1888 Incumbent lost re-election.
New senator elected in 1895.
Republican hold.
Knute Nelson (Republican)
William D. Washburn (Republican)
[Data unknown/missing. You can help!]
Mississippi Anselm J. McLaurin Democratic 1894 Incumbent retired as predecessor had already been elected to the next term.
Predecessor elected early January 20, 1892.[1]
Democratic hold.
Edward C. Walthall (Democratic)
Clerk Lewis
C.E. Hooker[1]
Montana Thomas C. Power Republican 1890 Incumbent retired.
New senator elected in January 1895.[9]
Republican hold.
Thomas H. Carter (Republican)
[Data unknown/missing. You can help!]
Nebraska Charles F. Manderson Republican 1883
1888
Unknown if incumbent retired or lost re-election.
New senator elected January 15, 1895.
Republican hold.
John M. Thurston (Republican)
William Jennings Bryan (Democratic)
[Data unknown/missing. You can help!]
New Hampshire William E. Chandler Republican 1887 (Special)
1889 (Legislature failed to elect)
1889 (Special)
Incumbent re-elected in 1895. [Data unknown/missing. You can help!]
New Jersey John R. McPherson Democratic 1877
1883
1889
Unknown if incumbent retired or lost re-election.
New senator elected in 1895.
Republican gain.
William Joyce Sewell (Republican)
[Data unknown/missing. You can help!]
North Carolina Matt W. Ransom Democratic 1872 (Special)
1876
1883
1889
Incumbent lost re-election.
New senator elected in 1894.
Populist gain.
Marion Butler (Populist)
Matt W. Ransom (Democratic)
[Data unknown/missing. You can help!]
Oregon Joseph N. Dolph Republican 1882
1888
Incumbent lost re-election.
New senator elected February 23, 1895.[10]
Republican hold.
George W. McBride (Republican)
Joseph N. Dolph (Republican)
[Data unknown/missing. You can help!]
Rhode Island Nathan F. Dixon III Republican 1889 (Special) Incumbent retired.
New senator elected in 1894.
Republican hold.
George P. Wetmore (Republican)
[Data unknown/missing. You can help!]
South Carolina Matthew Butler Democratic 1876
1882
1888
Incumbent lost renomination.
New senator elected in 1894.
Democratic hold.
Benjamin Tillman (Democratic)
[Data unknown/missing. You can help!]
South Dakota Richard F. Pettigrew Republican 1889 Incumbent re-elected in 1894. Richard F. Pettigrew (Republican)
[Data unknown/missing. You can help!]
Tennessee Isham G. Harris Democratic 1877
1883
1889
Incumbent re-elected in 1895. Isham G. Harris (Democratic)
[Data unknown/missing. You can help!]
Texas Richard Coke Democratic 1876
1882
1888
Incumbent retired.
New senator elected in 1894.
Democratic hold.
Horace Chilton (Democratic)
[Data unknown/missing. You can help!]
Virginia Eppa Hunton Democratic 1892 (Appointed)
1893 (Special)
Incumbent retired.
New senator was already elected early December 19, 1893.[11]
Democratic hold.
Thomas S. Martin (Democratic)
[Data unknown/missing. You can help!]
West Virginia Johnson N. Camden Democratic 1893 (Special) Incumbent lost re-election.
New senator elected January 23, 1895.[12]
Republican gain.
Stephen B. Elkins (Republican) 60 votes
Johnson N. Camden (Democratic) 29 votes
Neal (Populist) 2 votes.[12]
Wyoming Joseph M. Carey Republican 1890 Incumbent lost re-election.
New senator elected in 1895.
Republican hold.
Francis E. Warren (Republican)
Joseph M. Carey (Republican)

Elections during the 54th Congress

There were no elections in 1895 after March 4.

See also

Notes

  1. 1 2 3 "GEORGE AND WALTHALL ELECTED". The New York Times. January 20, 1892. p. 1.
  2. Byrd, p. 114.
  3. Byrd, p. 115.
  4. Byrd, p. 96.
  5. Byrd, p. 83.
  6. Clark, p. 234.
  7. Kleber, John E. The Kentucky Encyclopedia. p. 558.
  8. 1 2 "MR. CAFFREY HIS OWN SUCCESSOR". The New York Times. May 15, 1894. p. 1.
  9. Goodspeed, p. 457.
  10. "George Wycliffe McBride". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. United States Congress. Retrieved October 27, 2016.
  11. ""TWO VIRGINIA SENATORS ELECTED"". The New York Times. December 20, 1893.
  12. 1 2 "Elkins Elected in West Virginia". The New York Times. January 24, 1895. p. 5.

References

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