United States Senate elections, 1922 and 1923

November 7, 1922^[1]

32 of the 96 seats in the United States Senate
(as well as special elections)
49 seats needed for a majority

	Majority party	Minority party

Leader	Henry Cabot Lodge (Unofficial)	Joseph Robinson
Party	Republican	Democratic
Leader's seat	Massachusetts	Arkansas
Seats before	60	36
Seats after	53	42
Seat change	7	6
Seats up	17	15
Races won	10	21

	Third party

Party	Farmer–Labor
Seats before	0
Seats after	1
Seat change	1
Seats up
Races won	1

Results including special elections
     Democratic gains      Democratic holds
     Republican gains      Republican holds
     Farmer–Labor gains      Farmer–Labor holds

Majority Leader (unofficial) before election

Henry Cabot Lodge
Republican

Elected Majority Leader (unofficial)

Henry Cabot Lodge
Republican

The United States Senate elections of 1922 and 1923^[1] were elections that occurred in the middle of Republican President Warren G. Harding's term. With the Republicans divided between conservative and progressive factions, the Democrats gained six net seats from the Republicans while the Farmer-Labor party gained one. The Republicans retained their Senate majority.

Gains and losses

Republicans gained two seats, defeating defeated incumbent Democrats Gilbert M. Hitchcock (Nebraska) and Atlee Pomerene (Ohio).

Democrats took one open seat in Indiana and defeated seven Republican incumbents:

T. Coleman du Pont (Delaware
Joseph I. France (Maryland)
Charles E. Townsend (Michigan)
Joseph S. Frelinghuysen (New Jersey)
William M. Calder (New York)
Miles Poindexter (Washington)
Howard Sutherland (West Virginia)

In Minnesota, the Farmer-Labor Party gained its first U.S. Senator, when Henrik Shipstead defeated incumbent Republican Frank B. Kellogg.

Change in Senate composition

Before the elections

At the beginning of 1922.

R₅₉ Ran	R₆₀ Retired	D₃₆ Retired	D₃₅ Retired	D₃₄ Ran	D₃₃ Ran	D₃₂ Ran	D₃₁ Ran	D₃₀ Ran	D₂₉ Ran
		D₁	D₂	D₃	D₄	D₅	D₆	D₇	D₈
D₁₈	D₁₇	D₁₆	D₁₅	D₁₄	D₁₃	D₁₂	D₁₁	D₁₀	D₉
D₁₉	D₂₀	D₂₁	D₂₂ Ran	D₂₃ Ran	D₂₄ Ran	D₂₅ Ran	D₂₆ Ran	D₂₇ Ran	D₂₈ Ran
R₅₈ Ran	R₅₇ Ran	R₅₆ Ran	R₅₅ Ran	R₅₄ Ran	R₅₃ Ran	R₅₂ Ran	R₅₁ Ran	R₅₀ Ran	R₄₉ Ran
Majority →
R₃₉	R₄₀	R₄₁	R₄₂	R₄₃	R₄₄ Ran	R₄₅ Ran	R₄₆ Ran	R₄₇ Ran	R₄₈ Ran
R₃₈	R₃₇	R₃₆	R₃₅	R₃₄	R₃₃	R₃₂	R₃₁	R₃₀	R₂₉
R₁₉	R₂₀	R₂₁	R₂₂	R₂₃	R₂₄	R₂₅	R₂₆	R₂₇	R₂₈
R₁₈	R₁₇	R₁₆	R₁₅	R₁₄	R₁₃	R₁₂	R₁₁	R₁₀	R₉
		R₁	R₂	R₃	R₄	R₅	R₆	R₇	R₈

After the general elections

D₃₈ Gain	D₃₇ Gain	D₃₆ Gain	D₃₅ Gain	D₃₄ Hold	D₃₃ Hold	D₃₂ Hold	D₃₁ Re-elected	D₃₀ Re-elected	D₂₉ Re-elected
		D₁	D₂	D₃	D₄	D₅	D₆	D₇	D₈
D₁₈	D₁₇	D₁₆	D₁₅	D₁₄	D₁₃	D₁₂	D₁₁	D₁₀	D₉
D₁₉	D₂₀	D₂₁	D₂₂ Re-elected	D₂₃ Re-elected	D₂₄ Re-elected	D₂₅ Re-elected	D₂₆ Re-elected	D₂₇ Re-elected	D₂₈ Re-elected
D₃₉ Gain	D₄₀ Gain	D₄₁ Gain	D₄₂ Gain, same as special	FL₁ Gain	R₅₃ Gain	R₅₂ Gain	R₅₁ Hold	R₅₀ Hold	R₄₉ Appointee elected, same as Special
Majority →
R₃₉	R₄₀	R₄₁	R₄₂	R₄₃	R₄₄ Re-elected	R₄₅ Re-elected	R₄₆ Re-elected	R₄₇ Re-elected	R₄₈ Re-elected
R₃₈	R₃₇	R₃₆	R₃₅	R₃₄	R₃₃	R₃₂	R₃₁	R₃₀	R₂₉
R₁₉	R₂₀	R₂₁	R₂₂	R₂₃	R₂₄	R₂₅	R₂₆	R₂₇	R₂₈
R₁₈	R₁₇	R₁₆	R₁₅	R₁₄	R₁₃	R₁₂	R₁₁	R₁₀	R₉
		R₁	R₂	R₃	R₄	R₅	R₆	R₇	R₈

After the special elections

		D₁ Hold	D₂	D₃	D₄	D₅	D₆	D₇	D₈
D₁₈	D₁₇	D₁₆	D₁₅	D₁₄	D₁₃	D₁₂	D₁₁	D₁₀	D₉
D₁₉	D₂₀	D₂₁	D₂₂	D₂₃	D₂₄	D₂₅	D₂₆	D₂₇	D₂₈
D₃₈	D₃₇	D₃₆	D₃₅	D₃₄	D₃₃	D₃₂	D₃₁	D₃₀	D₂₉
D₃₉	D₄₀	D₄₁	D₄₂ Gain, same as General	FL₁	R₅₃	R₅₂	R₅₁	R₅₀	R₄₉ Appointee elected, same as General
Majority →
R₃₉	R₄₀	R₄₁	R₄₂	R₄₃	R₄₄	R₄₅	R₄₆	R₄₇	R₄₈
R₃₈	R₃₇	R₃₆	R₃₅	R₃₄	R₃₃	R₃₂	R₃₁	R₃₀	R₂₉
R₁₉	R₂₀	R₂₁	R₂₂	R₂₃	R₂₄	R₂₅	R₂₆	R₂₇	R₂₈
R₁₈	R₁₇	R₁₆	R₁₅	R₁₄	R₁₃	R₁₂	R₁₁	R₁₀	R₉
		R₁ Hold	R₂ Appointee elected	R₃	R₄	R₅	R₆	R₇	R₈

Key:

D_#	Democratic
FL_#	Farmer–Labor
R_#	Republican

Race summaries

Special elections during the 67th Congress

In these special elections, the winners were seated during 1922 or before March 4, 1923; ordered by election date.

State	Incumbent			Results	Candidates
State	Senator	Party	Electoral history	Results	Candidates
Delaware (Class 1)	T. Coleman du Pont	Republican	1921 (Appointed)	Interim appointee lost election. New senator elected November 7, 1922. Democratic gain. Winner also elected to the next term, see below.	√ Thomas F. Bayard, Jr. (Democratic) 49.7% T. Coleman du Pont (Republican) 49.6%
Georgia (Class 3)	Rebecca Latimer Felton	Democratic	1922 (Appointed)	Interim appointee retired. New senator elected November 7, 1922. Democratic hold.	√ Walter F. George (Democratic) unopposed
Iowa (Class 2)	Charles A. Rawson	Republican	1922 (Appointed)	Interim appointee retired. New senator elected November 7, 1922. Republican hold.	√ Smith W. Brookhart (Republican) 63.1% Clyde L. Herring (Democratic) 36.9%
Pennsylvania (Class 1)	David A. Reed	Republican	1922 (Appointed)	Interim appointee elected November 7, 1922. Winner also elected to the next term, see below.	√ David A. Reed (Republican) 86.1% Rachel C. Robinson (Prohibitionist) 6.0% William J. VanEssen (Socialist) 5.6%
Pennsylvania (Class 3)	George W. Pepper	Republican	1922 (Appointed)	Interim appointee elected November 7, 1922.	√ George W. Pepper (Republican) 57.6% Fred B. Kerr (Democratic) 32.9%

Elections leading to the 68th Congress

In these general elections, the winners were elected for the term beginning March 4, 1923; ordered by state.

All of the elections involved the Class 1 seats.

State	Incumbent			Results	Candidates
State	Senator	Party	Electoral history	Results	Candidates
Arizona	Henry F. Ashurst	Democratic	1912 1916	Incumbent re-elected.	√ Henry F. Ashurst (Democratic) 65.0% James H. McClintock (Republican) 35.0%
California	Hiram W. Johnson	Republican	1916	Incumbent re-elected.	√ Hiram W. Johnson (Republican) 62.2% William J. Pearson (Democratic) 23.8% H. Clay Needham (Independent) 7.8% Upton Sinclair (Socialist) 6.3%
Connecticut	George P. McLean	Republican	1911 1916	Incumbent re-elected.	√ George P. McLean (Republican) 52.3% Thomas J. Spellacy (Democratic) 45.5%
Delaware	T. Coleman du Pont	Republican	1921 (Appointed)	Interim appointee lost election. New senator elected. Democratic gain.	√ Thomas F. Bayard, Jr. (Democratic) 49.8% T. Coleman du Pont (Republican) 49.4%
Florida	Park Trammell	Democratic	1916	Incumbent re-elected.	√ Park Trammell (Democratic) 88.0% W. C. Lawson (Independent) 11.7%
Indiana	Harry S. New	Republican	1916	Incumbent lost renomination. New senator elected. Democratic gain.	√ Samuel M. Ralston (Democratic) 50.9% Albert J. Beveridge (Republican) 47.8%
Maine	Frederick Hale	Republican	1916	Incumbent re-elected September 11, 1922.	√ Frederick Hale (Republican) 57.5% Oakley C. Curtis (Democratic) 42.5%
Maryland	Joseph I. France	Republican	1916	Incumbent lost re-election. New senator elected. Democratic gain.	√ William Cabell Bruce (Democratic) 52.6% Joseph I. France (Republican) 45.6%
Massachusetts	Henry Cabot Lodge	Republican	1893 1899 1905 1911 1916	Incumbent re-elected.	√ Henry Cabot Lodge (Republican) 47.6% William A. Gaston (Democratic) 46.8%
Michigan	Charles E. Townsend	Republican	1911 1916	Incumbent lost re-election. New senator elected. Democratic gain.	√ Woodbridge N. Ferris (Democratic) 50.6% Charles E. Townsend (Republican) 48.4%
Minnesota	Frank B. Kellogg	Republican	1916	Incumbent lost re-election. New senator elected. Farmer-Labor gain.	√ Henrik Shipstead (Farmer-Labor) 47.1% Frank B. Kellogg (Republican) 35.0% Anna D. Olesen (Democratic) 17.9%
Mississippi	John S. Williams	Democratic	1908 (Early) 1916	Incumbent retired. New senator elected. Democratic hold.	√ Hubert D. Stephens (Democratic) 92.8% John C. Cook (Republican) 5.3%
Missouri	James A. Reed	Democratic	1910 1916	Incumbent re-elected.	√ James A. Reed (Democratic) 51.9% R. R. Brewster (Republican) 47.3%
Montana	Henry L. Myers	Democratic	1911 1916	Incumbent retired. New senator elected. Democratic hold.	√ Burton K. Wheeler (Democratic) 55.4% Carl W. Riddick (Republican) 43.6%
Nebraska	Gilbert M. Hitchcock	Democratic	1911 1916	Incumbent lost re-election. New senator elected. Republican gain.	√ Robert B. Howell (Republican) 56.8% Gilbert M. Hitchcock (Democratic) 38.2%
Nevada	Key Pittman	Democratic	1913 (Special) 1916	Incumbent re-elected.	√ Key Pittman (Democratic) 62.8% Charles S. Chandler (Republican) 37.2%
New Jersey	Joseph S. Frelinghuysen	Republican	1916	Incumbent lost re-election. New senator elected. Democratic gain.	√ Edward I. Edwards (Democratic) 54.9% Joseph S. Frelinghuysen (Republican) 44.1%
New Mexico	Andrieus A. Jones	Democratic	1916	Incumbent re-elected.	√ Andrieus A. Jones (Democratic) 55.2% S. B. Davis, Jr. (Republican) 44.1%
New York	William M. Calder	Republican	1916	Incumbent lost re-election. New senator elected. Democratic gain.	√ Royal S. Copeland (Democratic) 52.6% William M. Calder (Republican) 41.0%
North Dakota	Porter J. McCumber	Republican	1899 1905 1911 1916	Incumbent lost renomination. New senator elected. Republican hold.	√ Lynn J. Frazier (Republican) 52.28% J. F. T. O'Connor (Democratic) 47.72%^[2]
Ohio	Atlee Pomerene	Democratic	1911 1916	Incumbent lost re-election. New senator elected. Republican gain.	√ Simeon D. Fess (Republican) 50.9% Atlee Pomerene (Democratic) 47.7%
Pennsylvania	David A. Reed	Republican	1922 (Appointed) 1922 (Special)	Interim appointee elected. Winner was also elected to finish the current term, see above.	√ David A. Reed (Republican) 55.6% Samuel L. Schull (Democratic) 30.1% William J. Burke (Progressive) 8.8%
Rhode Island	Peter G. Gerry	Democratic	1916	Incumbent re-elected.	√ Peter G. Gerry (Democratic) 52.2% R. Livingston Beeckman (Republican) 43.4%
Tennessee	Kenneth D. McKellar	Democratic	1916	Incumbent re-elected.	√ Kenneth D. McKellar (Democratic) 68.0% Newell Sanders (Republican) 32.0%
Texas	Charles A. Culberson	Democratic	1899 1905 1911 1916	Incumbent lost renomination. New senator elected. Democratic hold.	√ Earle B. Mayfield (Democratic) 66.6% George E. B. Peddy (Republican) 33.4%
Utah	William H. King	Democratic	1916	Incumbent re-elected.	√ William H. King (Democratic) 48.6% Ernest Bamberger (Republican) 48.2%
Vermont	Caroll S. Page	Republican	1908 (Special) 1910 1916	Incumbent retired. New senator elected. Republican hold.	√ Frank L. Greene (Republican) 67.9% William B. Mayo (Democratic) 32.1%
Virginia	Claude A. Swanson	Democratic	1910 (Appointed) 1911 (Appointed) 1912 (Special) 1916	Incumbent re-elected.	√ Claude A. Swanson (Democratic) 71.9% J. W. McGavock (Republican) 26.5% Matt N. Lewis (Independent) 1.62%
Washington	Miles Poindexter	Republican	1910 1916	Incumbent lost re-election. New senator elected. Democratic gain.	√ Clarence C. Dill (Democratic) 44.2% Miles Poindexter (Republican) 43.0% James A. Duncan (Farmer-Labor) 12.0%
West Virginia	Howard Sutherland	Republican	1916	Incumbent lost re-election. New senator elected. Democratic gain.	√ Matthew M. Neely (Democratic) 51.2% Howard Sutherland (Republican) 47.6%
Wisconsin	Robert M. La Follette Sr.	Republican	1905 1911 1916	Incumbent re-elected.	√ Robert M. La Follette Sr. (Republican) 80.6% Jesse J. Hooper (Independent) 16.6% Adolph R. Bucknam (Prohibitionist) 2.3%
Wyoming	John B. Kendrick	Democratic	1916	Incumbent re-elected.	√ John B. Kendrick (Democratic) 57.3% F. W. Mondell (Republican) 42.7%

Elections during the 68th Congress

In these special elections, the winners were seated after March 4, 1923.

State	Incumbent			Results	Candidates
State	Senator	Party	Electoral history	Results	Candidates
Minnesota (Class 2)	Knute Nelson	Republican	1895 1901 1907 1913 1918	Incumbent died April 28, 1923. New senator elected July 16, 1923. Farmer–Labor gain.	√ Magnus Johnson (Farmer–Labor) [Data unknown/missing. You can help!]
Vermont (Class 3)	William P. Dillingham	Republican	1900 (Special) 1902 1908 1914 1920	Incumbent died July 23, 1923. New senator elected November 7, 1923. Republican hold.	√ Porter H. Dale (Republican) 65.7% Park H. Pollard (Democratic) 33.7%^[3]

References

1 2 The election in Maine was on September 11, 1922 and there were special elections in 1922 and 1923 as well.
↑ http://www.ourcampaigns.com/RaceDetail.html?RaceID=268269
↑ "General Election Results - U.S. Senator - 1914-2014" (PDF). Office of the Vermont Secretary of State. Retrieved June 17, 2015.

United States Senate elections

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