United States Senate elections, 1834 and 1835

United States Senate elections, 1834 and 1835
United States
Dates vary by state
16 of the 48 seats in the United States Senate (plus special elections)
25 seats needed for a majority

  Majority party Minority party
 
Party Anti-Jacksonian Jacksonian
Last election 23 seats 21 seats
Seats before 26 20
Seats won 6 8
Seats after 24 22
Seat change Decrease 2 Increase 1
Seats up 8 7
  Third party
 
Party Nullifier
Last election 2 seats
Seats before 2
Seats won 1
Seats after 2
Seat change Steady
Seats up 1
Majority party before election

Anti-Jacksonian

 Elected Majority party

Anti-Jacksonian

The United States Senate elections of 1834 and 1835 were elections that had the Anti-Jackson coalition maintain control of the United States Senate. However, during the 24th Congress, the Jacksonian coalition gained control of the Senate.

As this election was prior to ratification of the seventeenth amendment, Senators were chosen by State legislatures.

Results summary

Senate Party Division, 24th Congress (1835–1837)

Change in Senate composition

Before the elections

After the January 20, 1835 special election in Maine.

AJ1 AJ2 AJ3 AJ4
AJ14 AJ13 AJ12 AJ11 AJ10 AJ9 AJ8 AJ7 AJ6 AJ5
AJ15 AJ16 AJ17 AJ18 AJ19
Ran		 AJ20
Ran		 AJ21
Ran		 AJ22
Ran		 AJ23
Unknown		 AJ24
Unknown
Majority → AJ25
Retired
J15
Ran		 J16
Ran		 J17*
Ran		 J18
Ran		 J19
Ran		 J20
Unknown		 N1 N2
Ran		 AJ26
Retired
J14
Ran		 J13 J12 J11 J10 J9 J8 J7 J6 J5
J1 J2 J3 J4
 Note:
  • J17 (Maine class 2 seat): Anti-Jacksonian incumbent resigned January 1, 1835, presumably before the election for the next term. A Jacksonian successor was elected January 20, 1835 to finish the term and for the next term. The seat is therefore labelled as Jacksonian "before the election" in this table.

As a result of the elections

AJ1 AJ2 AJ3 AJ4
AJ14 AJ13 AJ12 AJ11 AJ10 AJ9 AJ8 AJ7 AJ6 AJ5
AJ15 AJ16 AJ17 AJ18 AJ19
Re-elected		 AJ20
Re-elected		 AJ21
Re-elected		 AJ22
Hold		 AJ23
Gain		 AJ24*
Gain
Plurality →
J15
Re-elected		 J16
Re-elected		 J17*
Re-elected		 J18
Re-elected		 J19
Gain		 J20
Gain		 J21
Gain		 N1 N2
Re-elected		 V1*
Loss
J14
Re-elected		 J13 J12 J11 J10 J9 J8 J7 J6 J5
J1 J2 J3 J4
 Notes:
  • AJ24 (Virginia class 1 seat): John Tyler (J) was re-elected as an Anti-Jacksonian.
  • V1 (Louisiana class 2 seat): Winner was elected but resigned without having been seated.
  • J17 (Maine class 2 seat): Anti-Jacksonian incumbent resigned January 1, 1835, presumably before the election for the next term. A Jacksonian successor was elected January 20, 1835 to finish the term and for the next term. The seat is therefore labelled as a Jacksonian "re-election" in this table.
Key:
AJ# = Anti-Jacksonian
J# = Jacksonian
N# = Nullfier
V# = Vacant

Race summaries

Special elections during the 23rd Congress

In these special elections, the winners were seated during 1834 or before March 4, 1835; ordered by election date.

State Incumbent Results Candidates
Senator Party Electoral history
Virginia
(Class 2)		 William Rives Jacksonian 1832 (Special) Incumbent resigned February 22, 1834.
Successor elected February 26, 1834.
Winner was also elected to the next term, see below.
Anti-Jacksonian gain.		 √ Benjamin W. Leigh (Anti-Jacksonian)
[Data unknown/missing. You can help!]
Pennsylvania
(Class 3)		 William Wilkins Jacksonian 1832 Incumbent resigned June 30, 1834 to become U.S. Minister to Russia.
Winner elected December 6, 1834.
Jacksonian hold.		 √ James Buchanan (Jacksonian) 66 (49.62%)[1]
Amos Ellmaker (Anti-Jacksonian) 31 (23.31%)
James Clarke (Jacksonian) 26 (19.55%)
Joseph Lawrence (Anti-Jacksonian) 6 (4.51%)
Joel Sutherland (Jacksonian) 1 (0.75%)
Not voting 3 (2.26%)
Georgia
(Class 3)		 John Forsyth Jacksonian 1829 (Special)
1831		 Incumbent resigned June 27, 1834 to become U.S. Minister to Spain.
Winner elected January 12, 1835.
Jacksonian hold.		 √ Alfred Cuthbert (Jacksonian)
[Data unknown/missing. You can help!]
Maryland
(Class 3)		 Ezekiel F. Chambers Anti-Jacksonian 1826 (Special)
1831		 Incumbent resigned December 20, 1834 to become judge of the Maryland Court of Appeals.
Winner elected January 13, 1835.
Anti-Jacksonian hold.		 √ Robert Henry Goldsborough (Anti-Jacksonian)
[Data unknown/missing. You can help!]
Maine
(Class 2)		 Peleg Sprague Anti-Jacksonian 1826 (Special)
1831		 Incumbent resigned December 20, 1834 to become judge of the Maryland Court of Appeals.
Winner elected January 20, 1835.
Winner was also elected to the next term, see below.
Jacksonian gain.		 √ John Ruggles (Jacksonian)
[Data unknown/missing. You can help!]

Races leading to the 24th Congress

In these general elections, the winner was seated on March 4, 1835; ordered by state.

All of the elections involved the Class 2 seats.

State Incumbent Results Candidates
Senator Party Electoral
history
Alabama William R. King Jacksonian 1819
1822
1828		 Incumbent re-elected in 1834. √ William R. King (Jacksonian)
[Data unknown/missing. You can help!]
Delaware John M. Clayton Anti-Jacksonian 1827 (Special)
1829		 Incumbent re-elected in 1835. √ John M. Clayton (Anti-Jacksonian)
[Data unknown/missing. You can help!]
Georgia John Pendleton King Jacksonian 1833 (Special) Incumbent re-elected in 1834. √ John Pendleton King (Jacksonian)
[Data unknown/missing. You can help!]
Illinois John M. Robinson Jacksonian 1830 (Special) Incumbent re-elected in 1835. √ John M. Robinson (Jacksonian)
[Data unknown/missing. You can help!]
Kentucky George M. Bibb Jacksonian 1829 Unknown if incumbent ran for re-election.
Winner elected in 1835.
Anti-Jacksonian gain.		 √ John J. Crittenden (Anti-Jacksonian)
[Data unknown/missing. You can help!]
Louisiana George A. Waggaman Anti-Jacksonian 1831 (Special) Unknown if incumbent ran for re-election.
Winner elected in 1835, but due to ill-health, resigned without having been seated.
Anti-Jacksonian loss.		 √ Charles Gayarré (Jacksonian)
[Data unknown/missing. You can help!]
Maine John Ruggles Jacksonian 1835 (Special) Incumbent re-elected in 1835 √ John Ruggles (Jacksonian)
[Data unknown/missing. You can help!]
Massachusetts Nathaniel Silsbee Anti-Jacksonian 1826 (Special)
1828		 Incumbent retired.
Winner elected in 1835.
Anti-Jacksonian hold.		 √ John Davis (Anti-Jacksonian)
[Data unknown/missing. You can help!]
Mississippi George Poindexter Anti-Jacksonian 1830 (Appointed)
? (Special)		 Incumbent lost re-election.
Winner elected in 1835.
Jacksonian gain.		 √ Robert J. Walker (Jacksonian)
[Data unknown/missing. You can help!]
New Hampshire Samuel Bell Anti-Jacksonian 1823 Incumbent retired.
Winner elected in 1835.
Jacksonian gain.		 √ Henry Hubbard (Jacksonian)
[Data unknown/missing. You can help!]
New Jersey Theodore Frelinghuysen Anti-Jacksonian 1828 Unknown if incumbent ran for re-election.
Winner elected in 1835.
Jacksonian gain.		 √ Garret D. Wall (Jacksonian)
[Data unknown/missing. You can help!]
North Carolina Bedford Brown Jacksonian 1829 (Special) Incumbent re-elected in 1835. √ Bedford Brown (Jacksonian)
[Data unknown/missing. You can help!]
Rhode Island Nehemiah R. Knight Anti-Jacksonian 1821 (Special)
1823
1829		 Incumbent re-elected in 1835. √ Nehemiah R. Knight (Anti-Jacksonian)
[Data unknown/missing. You can help!]
South Carolina John C. Calhoun Nullifier 1832 (Special) Incumbent re-elected in 1834. √ John C. Calhoun (Nullifier)
[Data unknown/missing. You can help!]
Tennessee Hugh Lawson White Jacksonian 1825 (Special)
1829		 Incumbent re-elected in 1835 as Anti-Jacksonian.
Anti-Jacksonian gain.		 √ Hugh Lawson White (Anti-Jacksonian)
[Data unknown/missing. You can help!]
Virginia Benjamin W. Leigh Anti-Jacksonian 1834 (Special) Incumbent re-elected in 1835. √ Benjamin W. Leigh (Anti-Jacksonian)
[Data unknown/missing. You can help!]

Special elections during the 24th Congress

In this special election, the winner was seated in 1835 after March 4; ordered by election date.

State Incumbent Results Candidates
Senator Party Electoral history
Connecticut
(Class 1)		 Nathan Smith Anti-Jacksonian 1832 Incumbent died December 6, 1835.
Successor elected December 21, 1835.
Jacksonian gain.		 √ John M. Niles (Jacksonian)
[Data unknown/missing. You can help!]

See also

References

  1. ↑ "U.S. Senate Election - 6 December 1834" (PDF). Wilkes University. Retrieved December 22, 2013.
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