United States Senate elections, 1808 and 1809

United States Senate elections, 1808 and 1809
United States
Dates vary by state

12 of the 34 seats in the United States Senate (plus special elections)
18 seats needed for a majority

  Majority party Minority party
 
Party Democratic-Republican Federalist
Last election 27 seats 7 seats
Seats before 28 6
Seats won 8 4
Seats after 27 7
Seat change Decrease 1 Increase 1
Seats up 9 3

Majority party before election

Democratic-Republican

Elected Majority party

Democratic-Republican

The United States Senate elections of 1808 and 1809 were elections that had the Federalist Party gain one seat in the United States Senate, and which coincided with the 1808 presidential election. The Federalists had gone into the elections with such a small share of Senate seats (6 out of 34, or 18%) that even if they had won every election, they would have still remained a minority caucus.

As these elections were prior to ratification of the seventeenth amendment, Senators were chosen by State legislatures.

Results summary

Senate Party Division, 11th Congress (1809–1811)

Change in Senate composition

Before the elections

DR7 DR6 DR5 DR4 DR3 DR2 DR1
DR8 DR9 DR10 DR11 DR12 DR13 DR14 DR15 DR16 DR17
Majority → DR18
DR27 DR26 DR25 DR24 DR23 DR22 DR21 DR20 DR19
DR28 F6 F5 F4 F3 F2 F1

Beginning of the next Congress

DR7 DR6 DR5 DR4 DR3 DR2 DR1
DR8 DR9 DR10 DR11 DR12 DR13 DR14 DR15 DR16 DR17
Majority → DR18
DR27
Hold
DR26
Hold
DR25
Hold
DR24
Re-elected
DR23
Re-elected
DR22
Re-elected
DR21
Re-elected
DR20
Re-elected
DR19
F7
Gain
F6
Hold
F5
Re-elected
F4
Re-elected
F3 F2 F1
Key:
DR# Democratic-Republican
F# Federalist
V# Vacant

Race summaries

Special elections during the preceding Congress

In these special elections, the winner was elected during 1808 or before March 4, 1809; ordered by election date.

State Incumbent Results Candidates
Senator Party Electoral
history
Massachusetts
(Class 1)
John Quincy Adams Federalist 1802 Incumbent resigned June 8, 1808, having broken with his party and lost re-election to the next term.
Winner elected June 9, 1808, having already won election to the next term.
Federalist hold
James Lloyd (Federalist)
[Data unknown/missing. You can help!]
Ohio
(Class 1)
John Smith Democratic-
Republican
1803 Incumbent resigned April 25, 1808, despite surviving an expulsion trial in the Senate.
Winner elected December 12, 1808.
Democratic-Republican hold
Return J. Meigs, Jr. (Democratic-Republican)
[Data unknown/missing. You can help!]
Pennsylvania
(Class 1)
Samuel Maclay Democratic-
Republican
1802 Incumbent resigned January 4, 1809, believing he would lose re-election.
Winner elected January 9, 1809, having already won election to the next term.
Democratic-Republican hold
Michael Leib (Democratic-Republican)
[Data unknown/missing. You can help!]

Races leading to the next Congress

In these general elections, the winner was seated on March 4, 1809; ordered by state.

All of the elections involved the Class 1 seats.

State Incumbent Results Candidates
Senator Party Electoral
history
Connecticut James Hillhouse Federalist 1796
1797
1803
Incumbent re-elected in 1809. James Hillhouse (Federalist)
[Data unknown/missing. You can help!]
Delaware Samuel White Federalist 1801 (Appointed)
1803
Incumbent re-elected in 1809. Samuel White (Federalist)
[Data unknown/missing. You can help!]
Maryland Samuel Smith Democratic-
Republican
1802 Incumbent re-elected in 1809. Samuel Smith (Democratic-Republican)
[Data unknown/missing. You can help!]
Massachusetts John Quincy Adams Federalist 1802 Incumbent lost re-election, then resigned.
Winner elected in 1808 and subsequently elected to finish the remaining term, see above.
Federalist hold.
James Lloyd (Federalist)
[Data unknown/missing. You can help!]
New Jersey John Condit Democratic-
Republican
1803 (Appointed)
1803 (Special)
Unknown if incumbent retired or lost re-election.
Winner elected in 1808 or 1809.
Democratic-Republican hold.
John Lambert (Democratic-Republican)
[Data unknown/missing. You can help!]
New York Samuel L. Mitchill Democratic-
Republican
1804 (Special) Incumbent lost re-election.
Winner elected February 7, 1809.
Democratic-Republican hold.
Obadiah German (Democratic-Republican) 52.4%
David Brooks (Federalist) 34.7%
Samuel L. Mitchill (Democratic-Republican) 12.9%[1]
Ohio Return J. Meigs, Jr. Democratic-
Republican
1808 (Special) Incumbent re-elected in 1809. Return J. Meigs, Jr. (Democratic-Republican)
Alexander Campbell (Democratic-Republican)
[Data unknown/missing. You can help!]
Pennsylvania Samuel Maclay Democratic-
Republican
1808 (Special) Incumbent retired.
Winner elected in 1808 and subsequently elected to finish the remaining term, see above.
Democratic-Republican hold.
Michael Leib (Democratic-Republican)
Joseph Hemphill (Federalist) 19.05%
John D. Coxe (Constitutional) 8.73%
Not voting 0.79%
Rhode Island Benjamin Howland Democratic-
Republican
1804 (Special) Unknown if incumbent retired or lost re-election.
Winner elected in 1808 or 1809.
Federalist gain
Francis Malbone (Federalist)
[Data unknown/missing. You can help!]
Tennessee Joseph Anderson Democratic-
Republican
1797 (Special)
1799 (Resigned)
1799 (Special)
1803
Incumbent re-elected in 1809. Joseph Anderson (Democratic-Republican)
[Data unknown/missing. You can help!]
Vermont Jonathan Robinson Democratic-
Republican
1807 (Special) Incumbent re-elected in 1809. Jonathan Robinson (Democratic-Republican)
[Data unknown/missing. You can help!]
Virginia Andrew Moore Democratic-
Republican
1804 (Appointed)
1804 (Resigned)
1804 (Special)
Unknown in incumbent retired or lost re-election.
Winner elected in 1808 or 1809.
Democratic-Republican hold.
Stevens Mason (Democratic-Republican)
[Data unknown/missing. You can help!]

Special elections during the next Congress

In this special election, the winner was elected in 1809 after March 4; ordered by election date.

State Incumbent Results Candidates
Senator Party Electoral
history
Tennessee
(Class 2)
Daniel Smith Democratic-
Republican
1798 (Special)
1799 (Resigned)
1804
Incumbent resigned March 31, 1809.
Winner elected April 11, 1809.
Democratic-Republican hold.
Jenkin Whiteside (Democratic-Republican)
[Data unknown/missing. You can help!]
Rhode Island
(Class 1)
Francis Malbone Federalist 1808 Newly seated incumbent died.
Winner elected June 26, 1809.
Federalist hold.
Christopher G. Champlin (Federalist)
[Data unknown/missing. You can help!]
Ohio
(Class 3)
Stanley Griswold Democratic-
Republican
1809 (Appointed) Incumbent appointee retired.
Winner elected December 11, 1809.
Democratic-Republican hold.
Alexander Campbell (Democratic-Republican)
[Data unknown/missing. You can help!]
Georgia
(Class 3)
John Milledge Democratic-
Republican
1806 (Special)
1806
Incumbent resigned November 14, 1809.
Winner elected November 27, 1809.
Democratic-Republican hold.
Charles Tait (Democratic-Republican)
[Data unknown/missing. You can help!]
New Jersey
(Class 2)
John Condit Democratic-
Republican
1803 (Appointed)
1803 (Special)
1809 (Retired or lost)
1809 (Appointed)
Incumbent appointee elected November 2, 1809. John Condit (Democratic-Republican)
[Data unknown/missing. You can help!]

See also

References

  1. "NY US Senate". Our Campaigns. Retrieved February 23, 2015.
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