United States Senate elections, 1932 and 1933

November 8, 1932^[1]

32 of the 96 seats in the United States Senate
49 seats needed for a majority

	Majority party	Minority party

Leader	Joseph Robinson	Charles McNary
Party	Democratic	Republican
Leader's seat	Arkansas	Oregon
Seats before	47	48
Seats after	59^[2]	36^[2]
Seat change	12	12
Seats up	16	16
Races won	28	5

	Third party

Party	Farmer–Labor
Seats before	1
Seats after	1
Seat change
Seats up	0
Races won	0

Results including special elections
Democratic gain Republican gain
Democratic hold Republican hold

Majority Leader before election

James Watson
Republican

Elected Majority Leader

Joseph Robinson
Democratic

The United States Senate elections of 1932^[1] coincided with Democrat Franklin Delano Roosevelt's crushing defeat of incumbent Herbert Hoover in the presidential election. With the Hoover administration widely blamed for the Great Depression, Republicans lost twelve seats and control of the chamber.

This was the first time since the 1920 elections that the victorious party defended all of their own seats and achieved a pickup in the double-digits. Senator Reed Smoot (R-UT) lost re-election: his Hawley-Smoot tariff is often cited by economists as one of the factors contributing to the depression.

Gains and losses

Incumbents who lost renomination

Democrats took three seats from Republican incumbents:

California: Two-term Republican Samuel M. Shortridge lost renomination to Tallant Tubbs, who in turn, lost the general election to Democrat William G. McAdoo.
Iowa: One-term Republican Smith W. Brookhart lost renomination to Henry Field, who in turn, lost the general election to Democrat Richard L. Murphy.
Wisconsin: One-term Republican John J. Blaine lost renomination to John B. Chapple, who in turn, lost the general election to Democrat F. Ryan Duffy.

Incumbents who lost re-election

Democrats defeated eight Republican incumbents:

Connecticut: Two-term Republican Hiram Bingham lost to Democratic challenger, Augustine Lonergan.
Idaho: One-term Republican John Thomas lost to Democratic challenger, James Pope.
Illinois: One-term Republican Otis F. Glenn lost to Democratic challenger, William H. Dieterich.
Indiana: Three-term Republican James E. Watson lost to Democratic challenger, Frederick Van Nuys.
Nevada: Two-term Republican Tasker L. Oddie lost to Democratic challenger, Patrick A. McCarran.
New Hampshire: Three-term Republican George H. Moses lost to Democratic challenger Fred H. Brown.
Utah: Five-term Republican Reed Smoot lost to Democratic challenger Elbert D. Thomas.
Washington: Four-term Republican Wesley L. Jones lost to Democratic challenger Homer T. Bone.

Milestones

First election in which a Senate leader lost re-election: Majority Leader James E. Watson (R-IN)
First woman to be elected to a full term in the Senate: Hattie Caraway (D-AR)
Last Democrat (as of 2017) to be elected from Kansas: George McGill (D-KS)

Change in Senate composition

Before the elections

Going into the November 1932 elections.

R₃₉ Ran	R₄₀ Ran	R₄₁ Ran	R₄₂ Ran	R₄₃ Ran	R₄₄ Ran	R₄₅ Ran	R₄₆ Ran	R₄₇ Ran
		D₁	D₂	D₃	D₄	D₅	D₆	D₇	D₈
D₁₈	D₁₇	D₁₆	D₁₅	D₁₄	D₁₃	D₁₂	D₁₁	D₁₀	D₉
D₁₉	D₂₀	D₂₁	D₂₂	D₂₃	D₂₄	D₂₅	D₂₆	D₂₇	D₂₈
D₃₈ Ran	D₃₇ Ran	D₃₆ Ran	D₃₅ Ran	D₃₄ Ran	D₃₃ Ran	D₃₂ Ran	D₃₁	D₃₀	D₂₉
D₃₉ Ran	D₄₀ Ran	D₄₁ Ran	D₄₂ Ran	D₄₃ Ran	D₄₄ Ran	D₄₅ Ran	D₄₆ Retired	D₄₇ Retired	FL₁
Plurality →									R₄₈ Ran
R₃₈ Ran	R₃₇ Ran	R₃₆ Ran	R₃₅ Ran	R₃₄ Ran	R₃₃ Ran	R₃₂	R₃₁	R₃₀	R₂₉
R₁₉	R₂₀	R₂₁	R₂₂	R₂₃	R₂₄	R₂₅	R₂₆	R₂₇	R₂₈
R₁₈	R₁₇	R₁₆	R₁₅	R₁₄	R₁₃	R₁₂	R₁₁	R₁₀	R₉
		R₁	R₂	R₃	R₄	R₅	R₆	R₇	R₈

Result of the general elections

D₃₉ Re-elected	D₄₀ Re-elected	D₄₁ Re-elected	D₄₂ Re-elected	D₄₃ Re-elected	D₄₄ Re-elected	D₄₅ Hold	D₄₆ Hold	D₄₇ Hold	D₄₈ Gain
		D₁	D₂	D₃	D₄	D₅	D₆	D₇	D₈
D₁₈	D₁₇	D₁₆	D₁₅	D₁₄	D₁₃	D₁₂	D₁₁	D₁₀	D₉
D₁₉	D₂₀	D₂₁	D₂₂	D₂₃	D₂₄	D₂₅	D₂₆	D₂₇	D₂₈
D₃₈ Re-elected	D₃₇ Re-elected	D₃₆ Re-elected	D₃₅ Re-elected	D₃₄ Re-elected	D₃₃ Re-elected	D₃₂ Re-elected	D₃₁	D₃₀	D₂₉
Majority →									D₄₉ Gain
D₅₈ Gain	D₅₇ Gain	D₅₆ Gain	D₅₅ Gain	D₅₄ Gain	D₅₃ Gain	D₅₂ Gain	D₅₁ Gain	D₅₀ Gain
D₅₉ Gain	FL₁	R₃₆ Re-elected	R₃₅ Re-elected	R₃₄ Re-elected	R₃₃ Re-elected	R₃₂ Re-elected	R₃₁	R₃₀	R₂₉
R₁₉	R₂₀	R₂₁	R₂₂	R₂₃	R₂₄	R₂₅	R₂₆	R₂₇	R₂₈
R₁₈	R₁₇	R₁₆	R₁₅	R₁₄	R₁₃	R₁₂	R₁₁	R₁₀	R₉
		R₁	R₂	R₃	R₄	R₅	R₆	R₇	R₈

Key:

D_#	Democratic
FL_#	Farmer-Labor
R_#	Republican

Complete list of races

All races are general elections for class 3 seats, unless noted.

Elections during the 72nd Congress

In these elections, the winners were seated during 1932 or in 1933 before March 4; ordered by election date.

State	Incumbent			Results	Candidates
State	Senator	Party	Electoral history	Results	Candidates
Arkansas (Class 3)	Hattie W. Caraway	Democratic	1931 (Appointed)	Interim appointee elected January 12, 1932. Democratic hold. Winner was subsequently re-elected in November.	√ Hattie W. Caraway (D) 91.6% Rex Floyd (I) 5.2% Sam D. Carson (I) 3.2%^[3]
Colorado (Class 3)	Walter Walker	Democratic	1929 (Appointed)	Interim appointee lost election to finish the term. New senator elected November 8, 1932. Republican gain. Winner was not elected to the next term, see below.	√ Karl C. Schuyler (Republican) 48.76% Walter Walker (Democratic) 48.51% Carle Whitehead (Socialist) 2.73%^[4]</ref>
New Jersey (Class 2)	W. Warren Barbour	Republican	1931 (Appointed)	Interim appointee elected November 8, 1932.	√ W. Warren Barbour (Republican) 49.6% Percy H. Stewart (Democratic) 48.5%
North Carolina (Class 3)	Cameron A. Morrison	Democratic	1930 (Appointed)	Interim appointee lost nomination to finish the term. New senator elected November 8, 1932. Democratic hold. Winner was also elected to next term, see below.	√ Robert R. Reynolds (Democratic) 68.7% Jake F. Newell (Republican) 31.3%^[5]
Georgia (Class 2)	John S. Cohen	Democratic	1932 (Appointed)	Interim appointee retired. New senator elected January 12, 1933. Democratic hold.	√ Richard Russell, Jr. (Democratic) Unopposed

Elections leading to the 73rd Congress

All elections are for Class 3 seats.

State	Incumbent			Results	Candidates
State	Senator	Party	Electoral history	Results	Candidates
Alabama	Hugo L. Black	Democratic	1926	Incumbent re-elected.	√ Hugo L. Black (Democratic) 86.3% J. Theodore Johnson (Republican) 13.8%
Arizona	Carl Hayden	Democratic	1926	Incumbent re-elected.	√ Carl Hayden (Democratic) 66.7% Ralph H. Cameron (Republican) 32.1%
Arkansas	Hattie W. Caraway	Democratic	1931 (Appointed)	Interim appointee elected.	√ Hattie W. Caraway (Democratic) 89.5% John W. White (Republican) 10.5%
California	Samuel M. Shortridge	Republican	1920 1926	Incumbent lost renomination. New senator elected. Democratic gain.	√ William G. McAdoo (Democratic) 43.4% Tallant Tubbs (Republican) 30.8% Robert P. Shuler (Prohibition) 25.8%
Colorado	Walter Walker	Democratic	1932 (Appointed)	Interim appointee retired. New senator elected to next term. Democratic hold. Winner was not elected to finish the term, see above.	√ Alva B. Adams (Democratic) 52.23% Karl C. Schuyler (Republican) 45.78% Carle Whitehead (Socialist) 1.99%^[4]
Connecticut	Hiram Bingham III	Republican	1924 (Special) 1926	Incumbent lost re-election. New senator elected. Democratic gain.	√ Augustine Lonergan (Democratic) 48.5% Hiram Bingham III (Republican) 47.7%
Florida	Duncan U. Fletcher	Democratic	1909 (Appointed) 1909 (Special) 1914 1920 1926	Incumbent re-elected.	√ Duncan U. Fletcher (Democratic) 99.8%
Georgia	Walter F. George	Democratic	1922 (Special) 1926	Incumbent re-elected.	√ Walter F. George (Democratic) 92.8% James W. Arnold (Republican) 7.2%
Idaho	John Thomas	Republican	1928 (Appointed) 1928 (Special)	Incumbent lost re-election. New senator elected. Democratic gain.	√ James Pope (Democratic) 55.7% John Thomas (Republican) 42.3%
Illinois	Otis F. Glenn	Republican	1928 (Special)	Incumbent lost re-election. New senator elected. Democratic gain.	√ William H. Dieterich (Democratic) 52.2% Otis F. Glenn (Republican) 46.0%
Indiana	James E. Watson	Republican	1916 (Special) 1920 1926	Incumbent lost re-election. New senator elected. Democratic gain.	√ Frederick Van Nuys (Democratic) 55.6% James E. Watson (Republican) 42.3%
Iowa	Smith W. Brookhart	Republican	1926	Incumbent lost renomination. Incumbent lost re-election as an Independent. New senator elected. Democratic gain.	√ Richard L. Murphy (Democratic) 54.9% Henry Field (Republican) 40.8%
Kansas	George McGill	Democratic	1930 (Special)	Incumbent re-elected.	√ George McGill (Democratic) 45.7% Ben S. Paulen (Republican) 42.0%
Kentucky	Alben W. Barkley	Democratic	1926	Incumbent re-elected.	√ Alben W. Barkley (Democratic) 59.2% M. H. Thatcher (Republican) 40.5%
Louisiana	Edwin S. Broussard	Democratic	1920 1926	Incumbent lost renomination. New senator elected. Democratic hold.	√ John H. Overton (Democratic) Unopposed
Maryland	Millard E. Tydings	Democratic	1926	Incumbent re-elected.	√ Millard E. Tydings (Democratic) 66.2% Wallace Williams (Republican) 31.2%
Missouri	Harry B. Hawes	Democratic	1926 (Special) 1926	Incumbent retired. New senator elected. Democratic hold. Incumbent then resigned and winner was appointed to finish the current term.	√ Bennett Champ Clark (Democratic) 63.2% Henry Kiel (Republican) 35.9%
Nevada	Tasker L. Oddie	Republican	1920 1926	Incumbent lost re-election. New senator elected. Democratic gain.	√ Patrick A. McCarran (Democratic) 52.1% Tasker L. Oddie (Republican) 47.9%
New Hampshire	George H. Moses	Republican	1918 (Special) 1920 1926	Incumbent lost re-election. New senator elected. Democratic gain.	√ Fred H. Brown (Democratic) 50.4% George H. Moses (Republican) 49.3%
New York	Robert F. Wagner	Democratic	1926	Incumbent re-elected.	√ Robert F. Wagner (Democratic) 55.8% George Z. Medalie (Republican) 38.6%
North Carolina	Cameron A. Morrison	Democratic	1930 (Appointed)	Interim appointee lost nomination. New senator elected. Democratic hold. Winner was also elected to finish the current term, see above.	√ Robert R. Reynolds (Democratic) 68.6% Jake F. Newell (Republican) 31.4%^[5]
North Dakota	Gerald P. Nye	Republican	1925 (Appointed) 1926 (Special)	Incumbent re-elected.	√ Gerald P. Nye (Republican) 72.3% P. W. Lanier (Democratic) 27.5%
Ohio	Robert J. Bulkley	Democratic	1930 (Special)	Incumbent re-elected.	√ Robert J. Bulkley (Democratic) 52.5% Gilbert Bettman (Republican) 45.8%
Oklahoma	Elmer Thomas	Democratic	1926	Incumbent re-elected.	√ Elmer Thomas (Democratic) 65.6% Wirt Franklin (Republican) 33.7%
Oregon	Frederick Steiwer	Republican	1926	Incumbent re-elected.	√ Frederick Steiwer (Republican) 52.7% Walter B. Gleason (Democratic) 38.9%
Pennsylvania	James J. Davis	Republican	1930 (Special)	Incumbent re-elected.	√ James J. Davis (Republican) 49.3% Lawrence H. Rupp (Democratic) 43.2%
South Carolina	Ellison D. Smith	Democratic	1909 1914 1920 1926	Incumbent re-elected.	√ Ellison D. Smith (Democratic) Unopposed
South Dakota	Peter Norbeck	Republican	1920 1926	Incumbent re-elected.	√ Peter Norbeck (Republican) 53.8% U.S.G. Cherry (Democratic) 44.6%
Utah	Reed Smoot	Republican	1903 1909 1914 1920 1926	Incumbent lost re-election. New senator elected. Democratic gain.	√ Elbert D. Thomas (Democratic) 56.7% Reed Smoot (Republican) 41.7%
Vermont	Porter H. Dale	Republican	1909 (Appointed) 1923 (Special) 1926	Incumbent re-elected.	√ Porter H. Dale (Republican) 55.1% Fred C. Martin (Democratic) 44.9%
Washington	Wesley L. Jones	Republican	1909 1914 1920 1926	Incumbent lost re-election. New senator elected. Democratic gain. Incumbent then died November 19, 1932 and Elijah S. Grammer (R) was appointed to finish the current term.	√ Homer T. Bone (Democratic) 60.6% Wesley L. Jones (Republican) 32.7%
Wisconsin	John J. Blaine	Republican	1926	Incumbent lost renomination. New senator elected. Democratic gain.	√ F. Ryan Duffy (Democratic) 57.0% John B. Chapple (Republican) 36.2% Emil Seidel (Socialist) 6.1%

Election during the 73rd Congress

In this special election, the winner was elected in 1933 after March 4.

State	Incumbent			Results	Candidates
State	Senator	Party	Electoral history	Results	Candidates
Virginia (Class 1)	Harry F. Byrd	Democratic	1933 (Appointed)	Claude A. Swanson (D) had resigned March 4, 1933 to become U.S. Secretary of the Navy. Interim successor was appointed March 4, 1933 to continue the term. Appointee elected November 7, 1933. Democratic hold.	√ Harry F. Byrd (Democratic) 71.31% Henry A. Wise (Republican) 26.67% John M. Daniel (Independent) 0.92% Elizabeth L. Otey (Socialist) 0.68% Newman H. Raymond (Prohibition) 0.42%^[6]

Complete list of races

Arizona

United States Senate election in Arizona, 1932^[7]
Party		Candidate	Votes	%
	Democratic	Carl T. Hayden	74,310	66.67%
	Republican	Ralph H. Cameron	35,737	32.06%
	Socialist	Lester B. Woolever	1,110	1.00%
	Communist	Edward Haustgen	306	0.28%
Majority			38,573	34.61%
Turnout			111,463
	Democratic gain from Republican		Swing

New York

Democratic ticket		Republican ticket		Socialist ticket		Law Preservation ticket		Communist ticket		Socialist Labor ticket
Robert F. Wagner	2,532,905	George Z. Medalie	1,751,186	Charles Solomon	143,282	D. Leigh Colvin	74,611	William Weinstone	27,956	Jeremiah D. Crowley^[8]

Pennsylvania

General election results^[9]
	Candidate	Votes	%
Republican	James J. Davis (incumbent)	1,375,489	49.46%
Democratic	Lawrence H. Rupp	1,200,760	43.18%
Prohibition	Edwin J. Fithian	106,602	3.83%
Socialist	William J. Van Essen	91,456	3.29%
Communist	Harry M. Wicks	6,426	0.23%
N/A	Others	145	0.01%

South Carolina

South Carolina U.S. Senate Election, 1932
Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±
	Democratic	Ellison D. Smith (incumbent)	104,472	98.1	-1.9
	Republican	Clara Harrigal	1,976	1.9	+1.9
Majority			102,496	96.2	-3.8
Turnout			106,448
	Democratic hold

65+% won by Smith

Vermont

United States Senate election in Vermont, 1932^[10]
Party		Candidate	Votes	%
	Republican	Porter H. Dale (inc.)	74,319	55.1%
	Democratic	Fred C. Martin	60,455	44.9%
Total votes			134,774	100.0%

Virginia (Special)

United States Senate special election in Virginia, 1933^[6]
Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±
	Democratic	Harry F. Byrd, Sr. (inc.)	119,377	71.31%	-28.53%
	Republican	Henry A. Wise	44,648	26.67%	+26.67%
	Independent	John M. Daniel	1,543	0.92%
	Socialist	Elizabeth L. Otey	1,130	0.68%	+0.68%
	Prohibition	Hewman H. Raymond	704	0.42%	+0.42%
Majority			74,729	44.64%	-55.04%
Turnout			167,402
	Democratic hold

References

1 2 There were special elections in January 1932, November 1932, January 1933, and November 1933.
1 2 "U.S. Senate: Party Division". U.S. Senate. Retrieved April 18, 2017.
↑ "AR US Senate Special" – via OurCampaigns.com.
1 2 "CO US Senate Special" – via OurCampaigns.com.
1 2 "NC US Senate Special" – via OurCampaigns.com.
1 2 "VA US Senate Special". Retrieved January 15, 2014 – via OurCampaigns.com.
↑ "AZ US Senate" – via OurCampaigns.com.
↑ Jeremiah D. Crowley, of Marcellus, ran also for State Engineer in 1910; for Lieutenant Governor in 1912, 1914 and 1920; and for Governor in 1916, 1922, 1926 and 1930
↑ "Statistics of the Congressional and Presidential Election of November 8, 1932" (PDF). Office of the Clerk of the U.S. House. Retrieved July 8, 2014.
↑ "General Election Results - U.S. Senator - 1914-2014" (PDF). Office of the Vermont Secretary of State. Retrieved June 17, 2015.

United States Senate elections
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United States Senate elections, 1932 and 1933

Gains and losses

Incumbents who lost renomination

Incumbents who lost re-election

Milestones

Change in Senate composition

Before the elections

Result of the general elections

Complete list of races

Elections during the 72nd Congress

Elections leading to the 73rd Congress

Election during the 73rd Congress

Complete list of races

Arizona

New York

Pennsylvania

South Carolina

Vermont

Virginia (Special)

See also

References