United States Senate elections, 1928

United States Senate elections, 1928
United States
November 6, 1928[1]

32 of the 96 seats in the U.S. Senate
49 seats needed for a majority

  Majority party Minority party
 
Leader James Watson Joseph Robinson
Party Republican Democratic
Leader's seat Indiana Arkansas
Seats before 47 46
Seats after 53 39
Seat change Increase 6 Decrease 6
Seats up 12 19
Races won 18 13

  Third party
 
Party Farmer–Labor
Seats before 1
Seats after 1
Seat change Steady
Seats up 1
Races won 1

Results including special elections
     Democratic gains      Democratic holds
     Republican gains      Republican holds
     Farmer–Labor gains      Farmer–Labor holds

Majority Leader before election

Charles Curtis
Republican

Elected Majority Leader

James Watson
Republican

The United States Senate elections of 1928 were elections that coincided with the presidential election of Republican Herbert Hoover. The strong economy helped the Republicans to gain seven seats from the Democrats.

Senate Majority leader, Republican Charles Curtis of Kansas, was not up for election this cycle, but he was elected U.S. Vice President. He resigned March 3, 1929, so his seat was vacant at the beginning of the next Congress (March 4, 1929) until April 1, 1929, when a Republican was appointed to continue the term.

Gains and losses

Republicans gained five seats by defeating five Democratic incumbents:

  1. Delaware: Democratic incumbent Thomas F. Bayard, Jr. lost re-election to Republican challenger John G. Townsend, Jr..
  2. Maryland: Democratic incumbent William Cabell Bruce lost re-election to Republican challenger Phillips Lee Goldsborough.
  3. New Jersey: Democratic incumbent Edward I. Edwards lost re-election to Republican challenger Hamilton F. Kean.
  4. Rhode Island: Democratic incumbent Peter G. Gerry lost re-election to Republican challenger Felix Hebert.
  5. West Virginia: Democratic incumbent Matthew M. Neely lost re-election to Republican challenger Henry D. Hatfield.

Republicans gained one seat from a Democratic incumbent appointee who had lost nomination:

  1. Ohio (Special): Democratic incumbent appointee Cyrus Locher lost nomination to Graham P. Hunt to finish the term. Hunt then lost the general election to Republican Theodore E. Burton.

Republicans gained one seat from a retiring Democratic incumbent:

  1. Missouri: Democratic incumbent James A. Reed retired and was replaced by Republican Roscoe C. Patterson.

Republicans gained one seat from a vacancy:

  1. Illinois (Special): The Senate refused to seat Republican incumbent Frank L. Smith after his 1926 election. He resigned February 9, 1928, leaving the seat vacant. Republican Otis F. Glenn won a special election to finish the term ending March 3, 1933.

Republicans held two seats from retiring Republican incumbents:

  1. Connecticut: Republican incumbent George P. McLean retired and was replaced by Republican Frederic C. Walcott.

Democrats gained no seats.

Democrats held 1 seat from a retiring Democratic incumbent:

  1. Texas: Democratic incumbent Earle Bradford Mayfield retired and was replaced by Democrat Tom Connally.

Change in Senate composition

Before the elections

At the beginning of 1928.

  D1 D2 D3 D4 D5 D6 D7 D8
D18 D17 D16 D15 D14 D13 D12 D11 D10 D9
D19 D20 D21 D22 D23 D24 D25 D26 D27 D28
Ran
D38
Ran
D37
Ran
D36
Ran
D35
Ran
D34
Ran
D33
Ran
D32
Ran
D31
Ran
D30
Ran
D29
Ran
D39
Ran
D40
Ran
D41
Ran
D42
Ran
D43
Ran
D44
Ran
D45
Ran
D46
Retired
FL1
Ran
V1
Plurality ↓ V2
R39
Ran
R40
Ran
R41
Ran
R42
Ran
R43
Ran
R44
Ran
R45
Ran
R46
Ran
R47
Retired
R38
Ran
R37
Ran
R36
Ran
R35 R34 R33 R32 R31 R30 R29
R19 R20 R21 R22 R23 R24 R25 R26 R27 R28
R18 R17 R16 R15 R14 R13 R12 R11 R10 R9
R1 R2 R3 R4 R5 R6 R7 R8

After the general elections

  D1 D2 D3 D4 D5 D6 D7 D8
D18 D17 D16 D15 D14 D13 D12 D11 D10 D9
D19 D20 D21 D22 D23 D24 D25 D26 D27 D28
Re-elected
D38
Re-elected
D37
Re-elected
D36
Re-elected
D35
Re-elected
D34
Re-elected
D33
Re-elected
D32
Re-elected
D31
Re-elected
D30
Re-elected
D29
Re-elected
D39
Re-elected
D40
Hold
FL1
Re-elected
V1 V2 R53
Gain
R52
Gain
R51
Gain
R50
Gain
R49
Gain
Majority → R48
Gain
R39
Re-elected
R40
Re-elected
R41
Re-elected
R42
Re-elected
R43
Re-elected
R44
Re-elected
R45
Elected
R46
Elected
R47
Hold
R38
Re-elected
R37
Re-elected
R36
Re-elected
R35 R34 R33 R32 R31 R30 R29
R19 R20 R21 R22 R23 R24 R25 R26 R27 R28
R18 R17 R16 R15 R14 R13 R12 R11 R10 R9
R1 R2 R3 R4 R5 R6 R7 R8

After the special elections

  D1 D2 D3 D4 D5 D6 D7 D8
D18 D17 D16 D15 D14 D13 D12 D11 D10 D9
D19 D20 D21 D22 D23 D24 D25 D26 D27 D28
D38 D37 D36 D35 D34 D33 D32 D31 D30 D29
D39 FL1 V1 R55
Gain
R54
Gain
R53
Hold
R52
Elected
R51
Elected
R50 R49
Majority → R48
R39 R40 R41 R42 R43 R44 R45 R46 R47
R38 R37 R36 R35 R34 R33 R32 R31 R30 R29
R19 R20 R21 R22 R23 R24 R25 R26 R27 R28
R18 R17 R16 R15 R14 R13 R12 R11 R10 R9
R1 R2 R3 R4 R5 R6 R7 R8
Key:
D# Democratic
FL# Farmer–Labor
R# Republican
V# Vacant

Race summary

Special elections during the 70th Congress

In these special elections, the winner were seated during 1928; ordered by election date.

State Incumbent Results Candidates
Senator Party Electoral history
Idaho
(Class 3)
John W. Thomas Republican 1928 (Appointed) Frank Gooding (R) died June 24, 1928, and Thomas was appointed June 30, 1928 to continue the term.
Interim appointee elected November 6, 1928.
John W. Thomas (Republican) 62.6%
Chase A. Clark (Democratic) 36.7%
Illinois
(Class 3)
Vacant 1926 Senator-elect Frank L. Smith (R) had been disqualified and resigned February 9, 1928.[2]
New senator elected November 6, 1928.
Republican gain.
Otis F. Glenn (Republican) 54.5%
Anton Cermak (Democratic) 44.9%
Michigan
(Class 1)
Arthur H. Vandenberg Republican 1928 (Appointed) Woodbridge N. Ferris (D) died March 23, 1928 and Vandenberg was appointed to continue the term.
Interim appointee elected November 6, 1928.
Winner was also elected to the next term, see below.
Arthur H. Vandenberg (Republican) 72.03%
John W. Bailey (Democratic) 27.78%[3]
New Mexico
(Class 1)
Bronson M. Cutting Republican 1927 (Appointed) Interim appointee did not run to finish the term, but was elected to the next term, see below.
New senator elected November 6, 1928.
Republican hold.
Octaviano Larrazolo (Republican)
[Data unknown/missing. You can help!]
Ohio
(Class 3)
Cyrus Locher Democratic 1928 (Appointed) Frank B. Willis (R) died March 30, 1928 and Locher was appointed to continue the term.
Interim appointee lost nomination.
New senator elected November 6, 1928.
Republican gain.
Theodore E. Burton (Republican) 62.4%
Graham P. Hunt (Democratic) 37.4%

Elections leading to the 71st Congress

In these general elections, the winners were elected for the term beginning March 4, 1929; ordered by state.

All of the elections involved the Class 1 seats, unless otherwise indicated.

State Incumbent Results Candidates
Senator Party Electoral history
Arizona Henry F. Ashurst Democratic 1912
1916
1922
Incumbent re-elected. Henry F. Ashurst (Democratic) 54.3%
Ralph H. Cameron (Republican) 45.7%
California Hiram W. Johnson Republican 1916
1922
Incumbent re-elected. Hiram W. Johnson (Republican) 74.1%
Minor Moore (Democratic) 18.2%
Charles Hiram Randall (Independent) 5.9%
Connecticut George P. McLean Republican 1911
1922
Incumbent retired.
New senator elected.
Republican hold.
Frederic C. Walcott (Republican) 53.9%
Augustine Lonergan (Democratic) 45.6%
Delaware Thomas F. Bayard, Jr. Democratic 1922 (Special)
1922
Incumbent lost re-election.
New senator elected.
Republican gain.
John G. Townsend, Jr. (Republican) 61.0%
Thomas F. Bayard, Jr. (Democratic) 39.1%
Florida Park Trammell Democratic 1916
1922
Incumbent re-elected. Park Trammell (Democratic) 68.5%
Barclay H. Warburton (Republican) 31.5%
Indiana Arthur Raymond Robinson Republican 1926 (Special) Incumbent re-elected. Arthur Raymond Robinson (Republican) 55.3%
Albert Stump (Democratic) 44.1%
Maine Frederick Hale Republican 1916
1922
Incumbent re-elected. Frederick Hale (Republican) 69.6%
Herbert E. Holmes (Democratic) 30.4%
Maryland William Cabell Bruce Democratic 1922 Incumbent lost re-election.
New senator elected.
Republican gain.
Phillips Lee Goldsborough (Republican) 54.1%
William Cabell Bruce (Democratic) 45.2%
Massachusetts David I. Walsh Democratic 1926 (Special) Incumbent re-elected. David I. Walsh (Democratic) 53.6%
Benjamin Loring Young (Republican) 45.5%
Michigan Arthur H. Vandenberg Republican 1928 (Appointed) Interim appointee elected.
Winner was also elected to finish the current term, see above.
Arthur H. Vandenberg (Republican) 71.8%
John W. Bailey (Democratic) 27.7%
Minnesota Henrik Shipstead Farmer–Labor 1922 Incumbent re-elected. Henrik Shipstead (Farmer–Labor) 65.4%
Arthur E. Nelson (Republican) 33.7%
Mississippi Hubert D. Stephens Democratic 1922 Incumbent re-elected. Hubert D. Stephens (Democratic) Unopposed
Missouri James A. Reed Democratic 1910
1916
1922
Incumbent retired.
New senator elected.
Republican gain.
Roscoe C. Patterson (Republican) 51.9%
Charles M. Hay (Democratic) 47.9%
Montana Burton K. Wheeler Democratic 1922 Incumbent re-elected. Burton K. Wheeler (Democratic) 53.2%
Joseph M. Dixon (Republican) 46.8%
Nebraska Robert B. Howell Republican 1922 Incumbent re-elected. Robert B. Howell (Republican) 61.3%
Richard L. Metcalfe (Democratic) 38.7%
Nevada Key Pittman Democratic 1913 (Special)
1916
1922
Incumbent re-elected. Key Pittman (Democratic) 59.3%
Samuel Platt (Republican) 40.7%
New Jersey Edward I. Edwards Democratic 1922 Incumbent lost re-election.
New senator elected.
Republican gain.
Hamilton F. Kean (Republican) 57.9%
Edward I. Edwards (Democratic) 41.8%
New Mexico Bronson M. Cutting Republican 1927 (Appointed) Interim appointee elected.
Winner was not elected to finish the current term, see above.
Bronson M. Cutting (Republican) 57.7%
Jethro S. Vaught (Democratic) 42.3%
New York Royal S. Copeland Democratic 1922 Incumbent re-elected. Royal S. Copeland (Democratic) 49.1%
Alanson B. Houghton (Republican) 47.9%
North Dakota Lynn J. Frazier Republican 1922 Incumbent re-elected. Lynn J. Frazier (Republican) 79.6%
F. F. Burchard (Democratic) 19.4%
Ohio Simeon D. Fess Republican 1922 Incumbent re-elected. Simeon D. Fess (Republican) 60.7%
Charles V. Truax (Democratic) 39.1%
Pennsylvania David A. Reed Republican 1922 (Appointed)
1922 (Special)
1922
Incumbent re-elected. David A. Reed (Republican) 64.4%
William N. McNair (Democratic) 34.0%
Rhode Island Peter G. Gerry Democratic 1916
1922
Incumbent lost re-election.
New senator elected.
Republican gain.
Felix Hebert (Republican) 50.6%
Peter G. Gerry (Democratic) 49.3%
Tennessee Kenneth D. McKellar Democratic 1916
1922
Incumbent re-elected. Kenneth D. McKellar (Democratic) 59.3%
J. A. Fowler (Republican) 40.7%
Texas Earle Bradford Mayfield Democratic 1922 Incumbent lost renomination.
New senator elected.
Democratic hold.
Tom Connally (Democratic) 81.2%
T. M. Kennerly (Republican) 18.7%
Utah William H. King Democratic 1916
1922
Incumbent re-elected. William H. King (Democratic) 55.5%
Ernest Bamberger (Republican) 43.9%
Vermont Frank L. Greene Republican 1916
1922
Incumbent re-elected. Frank L. Greene (Republican) 71.6%
Fred C. Martin (Democratic) 28.5%
Virginia Claude A. Swanson Democratic 1910 (Appointed)
1911 (Appointed)
1912 (Special)
1916
1922
Incumbent re-elected. Claude A. Swanson 99.8%
Unopposed
Washington Clarence C. Dill Democratic 1916
1922
Incumbent re-elected. Clarence C. Dill (Democratic) 53.4%
Kenneth Mackintosh (Republican) 46.5%
Alex Noral (Workers (Communist) Party) 0.1%
West Virginia Matthew M. Neely Democratic 1922 Incumbent lost re-election.
New senator elected.
Republican gain.
Henry D. Hatfield (Republican) 50.7%
Matthew M. Neely (Democratic) 49.2%
Wisconsin Robert M. La Follette, Jr. Republican 1925 (Special) Incumbent re-elected. Robert M. La Follette, Jr. (Republican) 85.6%
William H. Markham (Independent) 11.0%
David W. Emerson (Prohibitionist) 2.9%
Wyoming John B. Kendrick Democratic 1916
1922
Incumbent re-elected. John B. Kendrick (Democratic) 53.5%
Charles E. Winter (Republican) 46.1%

Complete list of races

Arizona

United States Senate election in Arizona, 1928[4]
Party Candidate Votes % ±
Democratic Henry F. Ashurst 47,013 54.25%
Republican Ralph H. Cameron 39,651 45.75%
Majority 7,362 8.50%
Turnout 86,664
Democratic gain from Republican Swing

Massachusetts

United States Senate election in Massachusetts, 1928[5]
Party Candidate Votes % ±
Democratic David I. Walsh 818,055 53.65
Republican Benjamin Loring Young 693,563 45.48
Socialist Alfred B. Lewis 7,675 0.50
Workers Party John J. Ballam 5,621 0.37

Pennsylvania

General election results[6]
Party Candidate Votes % ±
Republican David A. Reed (inc.) 1,948,646 64.38% +8.77%
Democratic William N. McNair 1,029,055 34.00% +3.87%
Socialist William J. Van Essen 23,100 0.76% -1.53%
Prohibition Elisha K. Kane 14,866 0.49% -2.42%
Socialist Labor Charles Kutz 7,524 0.25% +0.25%
Workers Party W. J. White 2,420 0.08% +0.08%
Socialist Labor William H. Thomas 1,234 0.04% +0.04%
N/A Other 19 0.00% N/A
Totals 3,026,864 100.00%

Virginia

United States Senate election in Virginia, 1928[7]
Party Candidate Votes % ±
Democratic Claude A. Swanson (inc.) 275,425 99.84% +27.96%
Write-ins 436 0.16% +0.16%
Majority 274,989 99.68% +54.29%
Turnout 275,861
Democratic hold

See also

References

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