113th United States Congress

113th United States Congress
112th 
 114th

U.S. Capitol building at dusk as seen from the eastern side (Nov. 2014)
January 3, 2013 – January 3, 2015
Senate President Joe Biden (D)
Senate Pres. pro tem Patrick Leahy (D)
House Speaker John Boehner (R)
Members 100 Senators
435 Representatives
6 Non-voting members
Senate Majority Democratic
House Majority Republican
Sessions
1st: January 3, 2013 – December 26, 2013
2nd: January 3, 2014 – December 16, 2014

The One Hundred Thirteenth United States Congress was a meeting of the legislative branch of the United States federal government, from January 3, 2013, to January 3, 2015. It was composed of the United States Senate and the United States House of Representatives based on the results of the 2012 Senate elections and the 2012 House elections. The seats in the House were apportioned based on the 2010 United States Census. It first met in Washington, D.C. on January 3, 2013, and it ended on January 3, 2015. Senators elected to regular terms in 2008 were in the last two years of those terms during this Congress.

Widespread public dissatisfaction with the institution increased over its second year,[1][2][3][4] and some commentators have ranked it among the worst in United States congressional history. According to a Gallup Poll released in August 2014, the 113th Congress had the highest disapproval rating of any Congress since 1974, when data first started being collected: 83% of Americans surveyed said that they disapproved of the job Congress was doing, while only 13% said that they approved.[5][6] In October 2013, during the government shutdown, this decreased to 10% approval according to several polls.

Major events

A government shutdown notice posted on October 1, 2013, with the Statue of Liberty in the far background[7]

Major legislation

Enacted

Proposed

Appropriations bills

Fiscal year 2014

Fiscal year 2014 runs from October 1, 2013 to September 30, 2014.[15]

Fiscal year 2015

Fiscal year 2015 runs from October 1, 2014 to September 20, 2015.[15]

Party summary

Resignations and new members are discussed in the "Changes in membership" section, below.

Senate

Senate party standings (at the end of the Congress)
  53 Democrats
  2 Independents, both caucusing with Democrats
Party
(Shading indicates majority caucus)
Total Vacant
Democratic Independent Republican
End of previous Congress 51 2 47 100 0
Begin 53 2 45 100 0
June 3, 2013 52 99 1
June 6, 2013 46 100 0
October 31, 2013 53 45
February 6, 2014 52 99 1
February 9, 2014 53 100 0
Final voting share 55% 45%
Beginning of the next Congress 44 2 54 100 0

House of Representatives

House party standings (at the end of the Congress)
  234 Republicans
  201 Democrats
Party
(Shading indicates majority caucus)
Total Vacant
Democratic Republican
End of previous Congress 191 240 431 4
Begin 200 233 433 2
January 22, 2013 232 432 3
April 9, 2013 201 433 2
May 7, 2013 233 434 1
June 4, 2013 234 435 0
July 15, 2013 200 434 1
August 2, 2013 233 433 2
September 26, 2013 232 432 3
October 18, 2013 231 431 4
November 16, 2013 232 432 3
December 10, 2013 201 433 2
December 17, 2013 233 434 1
January 6, 2014 200 433 2
January 27, 2014 232 432 3
February 18, 2014 199 431 4
March 11, 2014 233 432 3
June 24, 2014 234 433 2
August 18, 2014 233 432 3
November 4, 2014 201 234 435 0
Final voting share 46.2% 53.8%
Non-voting members 6 0 6 0
Beginning of the next Congress 188 247 435 0

Leadership

[ Section contents: Senate: Majority (D), Minority (R)House: Majority (R), Minority (D) ]

Senate

Senate President
Joe Biden (D)
Senate President pro tempore
Patrick Leahy (D)

Majority (Democratic) leadership

Minority (Republican) leadership

House of Representatives

House Speaker
John Boehner (R)

Majority (Republican) leadership

Minority (Democratic) leadership

Members

Senate

Senators are listed by state, and the numbers refer to their Senate classes, In this Congress, Class 2 meant their term ended with this Congress, requiring re-election in 2014; Class 3 meant their term began in the last Congress, requiring re-election in 2016; and Class 1 meant their term began in this Congress, requiring re-election in 2018.

Alabama

Alaska

Arizona

Arkansas

California

Colorado

Connecticut

Delaware

Florida

Georgia

Hawaii

Idaho

Illinois

Indiana

Iowa

Kansas

Kentucky

Louisiana

Maine

Maryland

Massachusetts

Michigan

Minnesota

Mississippi

Missouri

Montana

Nebraska

Nevada

New Hampshire

New Jersey

New Mexico

New York

North Carolina

North Dakota

Ohio

Oklahoma

Oregon

Pennsylvania

Rhode Island

South Carolina

South Dakota

Tennessee

Texas

Utah

Vermont

Virginia

Washington

West Virginia

Wisconsin

Wyoming

Party membership of the Senate, by state
  2 Democrats
  2 Republicans
  1 Democrat and 1 Republican
   1 Independent (caucuses with Democrats) and 1 Democrat
   1 Independent (caucuses with Democrats) and 1 Republican
Senate Majority Leaders
Harry Reid
Democratic Leader
Harry Reid
Dick Durbin
Democratic Whip
Dick Durbin
Senate Minority Leaders
Mitch McConnell
Republican Leader
Mitch McConnell
John Cornyn
Republican Whip
John Cornyn

House of Representatives

Alabama

Alaska

Arizona

Arkansas

California

Colorado

Connecticut

Delaware

Florida

Georgia

Hawaii

Idaho

Illinois

Indiana

Iowa

Kansas

Kentucky

Louisiana

Maine

Maryland

Massachusetts

Michigan

Minnesota

Mississippi

Missouri

Montana

Nebraska

Nevada

New Hampshire

New Jersey

New Mexico

New York

North Carolina

North Dakota

Ohio

Oklahoma

Oregon

Pennsylvania

Rhode Island

South Carolina

South Dakota

Tennessee

Texas

Utah

Vermont

Virginia

Washington

West Virginia

Wisconsin

Wyoming

Non-voting members

Percentage of members from each party by state, ranging from dark blue (most Democratic) to dark red (most Republican).
Party membership of the House, by district
  Democratic
  Republican
House Majority Leaders
Eric Cantor
Republican Leader
(until July 31, 2014)
Eric Cantor
Kevin McCarthy
Republican Whip
(until July 31, 2014)
Republican Leader
(from August 1, 2014)
Kevin McCarthy
Steve Scalise
Republican Whip
(from August 1, 2014)
Steve Scalise
House Minority Leaders
Nancy Pelosi
Democratic Leader
Nancy Pelosi
Steny Hoyer
Democratic Whip
Steny Hoyer

Changes in membership

Senate

State
(class)
Vacator Reason for change Successor Date of successor's
formal installation
Massachusetts
(2)
John Kerry
(D)
Resigned February 1, 2013 to become U.S. Secretary of State.[28][29]
Successor was appointed February 1, 2013 to continue the term.
Mo Cowan
(D)
February 1, 2013
New Jersey
(2)
Frank Lautenberg
(D)
Died June 3, 2013.
Successor was appointed June 6, 2013 to continue the term.
Jeffrey Chiesa (R) June 10, 2013
Massachusetts
(2)
Mo Cowan
(D)
Appointment expired July 16, 2013, following a special election.[30]
Successor was elected June 25, 2013 to finish the term ending with this Congress.
Ed Markey (D) July 16, 2013
New Jersey
(2)
Jeffrey Chiesa
(R)
Appointment expired October 31, 2013, following a special election.[31][32]
Successor was elected October 16, 2013 to finish the term ending with this Congress.
Cory Booker (D) October 31, 2013[32]
Montana
(2)
Max Baucus
(D)
Resigned February 6, 2014 to become U.S. Ambassador to China.
Successor was appointed February 9, 2014 to finish the term ending with this Congress.
John Walsh (D) February 11, 2014

House of Representatives

District Vacator Reason for change Successor Date successor
seated
Illinois 2nd Vacant Jesse Jackson, Jr. (D) resigned November 21, 2012, near the end of the previous Congress for health reasons.[33]
A special election was held April 9, 2013.
Robin Kelly (D) April 11, 2013[34]
South Carolina 1st Vacant Tim Scott (R) resigned January 2, 2013, near the end of the previous Congress, when appointed to the Senate.[35]
A special election was held May 7, 2013.
Mark Sanford (R) May 15, 2013[36]
Missouri 8th Jo Ann Emerson
(R)
Resigned January 22, 2013 to become president and CEO of the National Rural Electric Cooperative Association.[37]
A special election was held June 4, 2013.
Jason Smith (R)[38] June 5, 2013[39]
Massachusetts 5th Ed Markey
(D)
Resigned July 16, 2013, having been elected to the United States Senate in a special election.
A special election was held December 10, 2013.
Katherine Clark (D)[40] December 12, 2013
Alabama 1st Jo Bonner
(R)
Resigned August 2, 2013 to become a vice chancellor in the University of Alabama System.
A special election was held December 17, 2013.
Bradley Byrne
(R)
January 7, 2014
Louisiana 5th Rodney Alexander
(R)
Resigned September 26, 2013 to become the secretary of the Louisiana Department of Veterans Affairs.
A special election was held November 16, 2013.[41]
Vance McAllister (R) November 21, 2013[42]
Florida 13th Bill Young
(R)
Died October 18, 2013.
A special election was held March 11, 2014.
David Jolly (R) March 13, 2014[43]
North Carolina 12th Mel Watt (D) Resigned January 6, 2014 to become head of the Federal Housing Finance Agency.
A special election was held November 4, 2014.
Alma Adams (D) November 12, 2014
Florida 19th Trey Radel (R) Resigned January 27, 2014 following a conviction for cocaine possession.[44]
A special election was held June 24, 2014.
Curt Clawson (R) June 25, 2014
New Jersey 1st Rob Andrews
(D)
Resigned February 18, 2014, to take a position at a Philadelphia law firm.[45]
A special election was held November 4, 2014.
Donald Norcross
(D)
November 12, 2014
Virginia 7th Eric Cantor
(R)
Resigned August 18, 2014 following his primary defeat.
A special election was held November 4, 2014.
Dave Brat
(R)
November 12, 2014

Committees

[Section contents: Senate, House, Joint ] Listed alphabetically by chamber, including Chairperson and Ranking Member.

Senate

House of Representatives

Sources: H.Res. 6, H.Res. 7

Joint committees

Caucuses

  • Anti-Value Added Tax Caucus
  • Afterschool Caucus
  • Americans Aboard Caucus
  • Armenian Caucus
  • Army Corps Reform Caucus
  • Appalachian Caucus
  • Bipartisan Disabilities Caucus
  • Biomedical Research Caucus
  • Building a Better America Caucus
  • California Public Higher Education Caucus
  • Carbonated and Non-alcoholic Caucus
  • Coalition for Autism Research and Education
  • Collegiate Student-Athlete Protection Caucus
  • Congressional 4-H Caucus
  • Congressional Academic Medicine Caucus
  • Congressional Addiction, Treatment and Recovery Caucus
  • Congressional Adult Literacy Caucus
  • Congressional Affordable Medicines Caucus
  • Congressional Afghan Caucus
  • Congressional Ahmadiyya Caucus
  • Congressional Air Force Caucus
  • Congressional Algae Caucus
  • Congressional Anti-Terrorism Caucus
  • Congressional Arctic Working Group
  • Congressional Arts Caucus
  • Congressional Army Corps of Engineers Reform Caucus
  • Congressional Asian Pacific American Caucus
  • Congressional Assyrian Caucus
  • Congressional Automotive Caucus
  • Congressional Azerbaijan Caucus
  • Congressional Baby Caucus
  • Congressional Baseball Caucus
  • Congressional Battlefield Caucus
  • Congressional Bicameral Arthritis Caucus
  • Congressional Bicameral High-Speed & Intercity Passenger Rail Caucus
  • Congressional Bike Caucus
  • Congressional Bipartisan Cerebral Palsy Caucus
  • Congressional Biomass Caucus
  • Congressional Biotechnology Caucus
  • Congressional Black Caucus
  • Congressional Boating Caucus
  • Congressional Border Caucus
  • Congressional Bourbon Caucus
  • Congressional Brazil Caucus
  • Congressional Career and Technical Education Caucus
  • Congressional Caucus for Competitiveness in Entertainment Technology
  • Congressional Caucus for Middle Market Growth
  • Congressional Caucus on Armenian Issues
  • Congressional Caucus on Central America
  • Congressional Caucus on CPAs and Accountants
  • Congressional Caucus on the Deadliest Cancers
  • Congressional Caucus on Effective Foreign Assistance
  • Congressional Caucus on Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorders
  • Congressional Caucus on Foster Youth
  • Congressional Caucus on Hellenic Issues
  • Congressional Caucus on India and Indian Americans
  • Congressional Caucus on Innovation and Entrepreneurship
  • Congressional Caucus on Intellectual Property Promotion and Piracy Prevention
  • Congressional Caucus on the Judicial Branch
  • Congressional Caucus on Korea
  • Congressional Caucus on Malaria and Neglected Tropical Diseases
  • Congressional Caucus on the Netherlands
  • Congressional Caucus on Prescription Drug Abuse
  • Congressional Caucus on Sri Lanka and Sri Lankan Americans
  • Congressional Caucus on Uganda
  • Congressional Caucus on U.S.-Lebanon Relations
  • Congressional Caucus on Women in the Military
  • Congressional Caucus on Youth Sports
  • Congressional Caucus to End Bullying
  • Congressional Caucus to Fight and Control Methamphetamine
  • Congressional Chesapeake Bay Watershed Caucus
  • Congressional Chicken Caucus
  • Congressional Childhood Cancer Caucus
  • Congressional Children's Caucus
  • Congressional China Caucus
  • Congressional Clean Water Caucus
  • Congressional Climate Caucus
  • Congressional Coal Caucus
  • Congressional Coast Guard Caucus
  • Congressional Coastal Caucus
  • Congressional Complementary and Alternative Medicine Caucus
  • Congressional Congenital Heart Caucus
  • Congressional Constitution Caucus
  • Congressional Correctional Officers Caucus
  • Congressional Corrosion Prevention Caucus
  • Congressional Cranberry Caucus
  • Congressional Croatian Caucus
  • Congressional Crohn’s & Colitis Caucus
  • Congressional Cut Flower Caucus
  • Congressional Cystic Fibrosis Caucus
  • Congressional Czech Caucus
  • Congressional Diabetes Caucus
  • Congressional Dietary Supplement Caucus
  • Congressional Directed Energy Caucus
  • Congressional Disaster Relief Caucus
  • Congressional Dyslexia Caucus
  • Congressional Electromagnetic Pulse Caucus
  • Congressional Emergency Medical Services Caucus
  • Congressional Energy Savings Performance Caucus
  • Congressional Entertainment Industries Caucus
  • Congressional Ethiopian-American Caucus
  • Congressional Explosive Ordnance Disposal Caucus

  • Congressional E-911 Caucus
  • Congressional Farmer Cooperative Caucus
  • Congressional Financial and Economic Literacy Caucus
  • Congressional Fire Services Caucus
  • Congressional Fitness Caucus
  • Congressional Food Safety Caucus
  • Congressional Former Mayors Caucus
  • Congressional Fragile X Caucus
  • Congressional French Caucus
  • Congressional Friends of Jordan Caucus
  • Congressional Global Health Caucus
  • Congressional Green Schools Caucus
  • Congressional Gulf of Mexico Caucus
  • Congressional Hearing Health Caucus
  • Congressional Hellenic Israel Alliance Caucus
  • Congressional High Tech Caucus
  • Congressional Hispanic Caucus
  • Congressional HIV/AIDS Caucus
  • Congressional Home Health Caucus
  • Congressional Homelessness Caucus
  • Congressional Horse Caucus
  • Congressional House Manufacturing Caucus
  • Congressional HUBZone Caucus
  • Congressional Human Rights Caucus
  • Congressional Humanities Caucus
  • Congressional Immigration Reform Caucus
  • Congressional Insurance Caucus
  • Congressional Intelligent Transportation Systems Caucus
  • Congressional International Anti-Piracy Caucus
  • Congressional International Conservation Caucus
  • Congressional International Religious Freedom Caucus
  • Congressional Internet Caucus
  • Congressional Invisible Wounds Caucus
  • Congressional Iraqi Women's Caucus
  • Congressional Israel Allies Caucus
  • Congressional Joint Strike Fighter Caucus
  • Congressional Kidney Caucus
  • Congressional Labor and Working Families Caucus
  • Congressional Lupus Caucus
  • Congressional Life Science Caucus
  • Congressional Management Caucus
  • Congressional Maker Caucus
  • Congressional Manufacturing Caucus
  • Congressional Media Fairness Caucus
  • Congressional Medical Professionals Caucus
  • Congressional Men's Health Caucus
  • Congressional Mental Health Caucus
  • Congressional Mentoring Caucus
  • Congressional Military Family Caucus
  • Congressional Mine Warfare Caucus
  • Congressional Mining Caucus
  • Congressional Missing and Exploited Children's Caucus
  • Congressional Mississippi River Caucus
  • Congressional Modeling and Simulation Caucus
  • Congressional Moldova Caucus
  • Congressional Motorsports Caucus
  • Congressional Multiple Sclerosis Caucus
  • Congressional Native American Caucus
  • Congressional Natural Gas Caucus
  • Congressional Nepal Caucus
  • Congressional Neuroscience Caucus
  • Congressional Nigerian Caucus
  • Congressional Nursing Caucus
  • Congressional Olympic and Paralympic Caucus
  • Congressional Organic Caucus
  • Congressional Out of Poverty Caucus
  • Congressional Pakistan Caucus
  • Congressional Prayer Caucus
  • Congressional Pollinator Protection Caucus
  • Congressional Port Security Caucus
  • Congressional Ports-to-Plains Caucus
  • Congressional Portuguese-American Caucus
  • Congressional Progressive Caucus
  • Congressional Range & Testing Center Caucus
  • Congressional Real Estate Caucus
  • Congressional Recreational Vehicle Caucus
  • Congressional Refinery Caucus
  • Congressional Rock and Roll Caucus
  • Congressional Rodeo Caucus
  • Congressional Rural Caucus
  • Congressional Rural Housing Caucus
  • Congressional Savings and Ownership Caucus
  • Congressional Scouting Caucus
  • Congressional Second Amendment Caucus
  • Congressional Serbian Caucus
  • Congressional Shipbuilding Caucus
  • Congressional Singapore Caucus
  • Congressional Ski and Snowboard Caucus
  • Congressional Skin Cancer Caucus
  • Congressional Small Business Caucus
  • Congressional Smart Contracting Caucus
  • Congressional Soccer Caucus
  • Congressional Social Work Caucus
  • Congressional Songwriters’ Caucus
  • Congressional Specturm Caucus
  • Congressional Spina Bifida Caucus
  • Congressional Sportsmen's Caucus
  • Congressional Steel Caucus
  • Congressional STEAM Caucus
  • Congressional Structured Settlements Caucus
  • Congressional Stop DUI Caucus
  • Congressional Submarine Caucus
  • Congressional Taiwan Caucus

  • Congressional Tibet Caucus
  • Congressional Toy Caucus
  • Congressional Trademark Caucus
  • Congressional Transatlantic Trade and Investment Partnership Caucus
  • Congressional Travel & Tourism Caucus
  • Congressional TRIO Caucus
  • Congressional United Kingdom Caucus
  • Congressional United Solutions Caucus
  • Congressional Unmanned Systems Caucus
  • Congressional Urban Caucus
  • Congressional Veterans' Jobs Caucus
  • Congressional Victim's Rights Caucus
  • Congressional Vision Caucus
  • Congressional Waterways Caucus
  • Congressional Western Caucus
  • Congressional Western Sahara Caucus
  • Congresswomen's Caucus
  • Congressional Wildlife Refuge Caucus
  • Congressional Wine Caucus
  • Congressional Work for Warriors Caucus
  • Congressional Zoo and Aquarium Caucus
  • Crime Prevention and Youth Development Caucus
  • Defense Communities Caucus
  • Diversity and Innovation Caucus
  • Economic Competitiveness Caucus (House/Senate)
  • Financial and Economic Literacy Caucus
  • Friends of Job Corps Congressional Caucus
  • Friends of Scotland Caucus (House/Senate)
  • Friends of Norway Caucus
  • Friends of Switzerland Caucus
  • Full Employment Caucus
  • Future of American Media Caucus
  • German-American Caucus
  • Global Investment in America Caucus
  • GOP Doctors Caucus
  • Historic Preservation Caucus
  • Hong Kong Caucus
  • House Baltic Caucus
  • House Congressional Sovereignty Caucus
  • House Democratic Caucus
  • House Oceans Caucus
  • House Organic Caucus
  • House Quiet Skies Caucus
  • House Recycling Caucus
  • House Rural Education Caucus
  • House Science and National Labs Caucus
  • House Small Brewers Caucus
  • House Sugar Caucus
  • Hudson River Caucus
  • Hungarian American Caucus
  • Hydrogen and Fuel Cell Caucus
  • India Caucus
  • Indonesia Caucus
  • International Conservation Caucus
  • International Workers Rights Caucus
  • Interstate 69 Caucus
  • Intelligent Transportation Caucus
  • Kenya Caucus
  • Latino-Jewish Congressional Caucus
  • Law Enforcement Caucus
  • LGBT Equality Caucus
  • Liberty Caucus
  • Motorcycle Caucus
  • Multiple Sclerosis Caucus
  • National Guard and Reserve Components Caucus
  • National Landscape Conservation System Caucus
  • National Marine Sanctuary Caucus
  • National Service Congressional Caucus
  • Navy-Marine Corps Caucus
  • New Democrat Coalition
  • North America's Supercorridor Caucus
  • Northern Border Caucus
  • Northeast-Midwest Congressional Coalition
  • Nuclear Issues Caucus
  • Out of Iraq Caucus
  • Passenger Rail Caucus
  • Patriot Act Reform Caucus
  • Pell Grant Caucus
  • Physics Caucus
  • Populist Caucus
  • Ports Caucus
  • Public Broadcasting Caucus
  • Public Service Caucus
  • Qatari-American Economic Strategic Defense, Cultural and Educational Partnership Caucus
  • Rare Disease Caucus
  • Recording Arts and Sciences Congressional Caucus
  • Renewable Energy and Energy Efficiency Caucus
  • Research and Development Caucus
  • River of Trade Corridor Congressional Caucus
  • Sex and Violence in the Media Caucus
  • Silk Road Caucus
  • Special Operations Forces Caucus
  • State Maritime Academy Caucus
  • Sudan Caucus
  • Sustainable Energy and Environment Coalition
  • Tea Party Caucus
  • TEX-21 Congressional Caucus
  • Unexploded Ordnance Caucus
  • U.S.-Afghan Caucus
  • U.S.-Mongolia Friendship Caucus
  • U.S.-New Zealand Congressional Caucus
  • Veterinary Medicine Caucus
  • Victory in Iraq Caucus
  • Wounded to Work Congressional Caucus
  • Youth Challenge Caucus
  • Zero Capital Gains Tax Caucus

Employees

Legislative branch agency directors

Senate

House of Representatives

See also

References

  1. Domenico Montanaro, NBC News, October 10, 2013, NBC/WSJ poll: 60 percent say fire every member of Congress, Accessed October 10, 2013, “...60 percent of Americans ... saying if they had the chance to vote to defeat and replace every single member of Congress, including their own representative, they would...”
  2. Wall Street Journal, Approval of Congress Matches All-Time Low, Accessed June 13, 2013
  3. Carrie Dann, NBC News, Americans' faith in Congress lower than all major institutions – ever, Accessed June 13, 2013
  4. "White House: Republicans Will 'Do the Right Thing'". Voice of America. October 9, 2013. Retrieved October 10, 2013.
  5. "Congress and the Public". Gallup.com. Retrieved August 10, 2013.
  6. Brown, Alyssa (July 17, 2013). "U.S. Congress Approval Remains Dismal". Gallup.com. Retrieved August 10, 2013.
  7. Bailey, Holly (October 1, 2013). "Federal shutdown closes Statue of Liberty and other top tourist sites". Yahoo News. Retrieved October 26, 2013.
  8. Cohen, Micah. "Fivethirtyeight blog: Were the GOP Votes Against Boehner a Historic Rejection?". NYTimes.com. The New York Times.
  9. H.J.Res. 122
  10. 1 2 "Joint Committee on Inaugural Ceremonies". Inaugural.senate.gov. Retrieved January 3, 2013.
  11. Volz, Dustin (December 31, 2013). "Everything We Learned From Edward Snowden in 2013". National Journal. Retrieved January 25, 2015.
  12. "McCain claims Senate leaders have deal to avert showdown over Obama nominees". FoxNews. Retrieved July 16, 2013.
  13. Peters, Jeremy W. (September 25, 2013). "After 21 Hours, Cruz Ends Senate Speech". the New York Times. Retrieved September 25, 2013.
  14. "In Landmark Vote, Senate Limits Use of the Filibuster". New York Times.
  15. 1 2 Heniff Jr., Bill (November 26, 2012). "Basic Federal Budgeting Terminology" (PDF). Congressional Research Service. Retrieved January 9, 2014.
  16. "H.R. 4800 - All Actions". United States Congress. Retrieved June 11, 2014.
  17. Cox, Ramsey; Marcos, Cristina (June 11, 2014). "Wednesday: School is out but Congress considers student loans, lunches". The Hill. Retrieved June 11, 2014.
  18. "H.R. 4660 - All Actions". United States Congress. Retrieved May 28, 2014.
  19. Marcos, Cristina (May 30, 2014). "House passes third '15 appropriations bill". The Hill. Retrieved May 30, 2014.
  20. Marcos, Cristina (June 16, 2014). "This week: Spending bills, VA reform, leadership races". The Hill. Retrieved June 16, 2014.
  21. Marcos, Cristina (July 7, 2014). "This week: Sportsmen's bill, appropriations". The Hill. Retrieved July 10, 2014.
  22. "H.R. 4487 - All Actions". United States Congress. Retrieved May 2, 2014.
  23. 1 2 Marcos, Cristina (April 25, 2014). "Next week:Appropriations season begins". The Hill. Retrieved May 1, 2014.
  24. "H.R. 4486 - All Actions". United States Congress. Retrieved May 1, 2014.
  25. "H.R. 4745 - All Actions". United States Congress. Retrieved June 9, 2014.
  26. Marcos, Cristina (June 10, 2014). "House passes fourth '15 appropriations bill". The Hill. Retrieved June 11, 2014.
  27. Newlin, Eliza. "Res. Com. Pedro Pierluisi (D-PR, At-large) - The Almanac of American Politics". Nationaljournal.com. Retrieved November 9, 2012.
  28. Murphy, Matt (January 28, 2013). "US senate special election to replace John Kerry will be June 25". metrowestdailynews.com. Cambridge Chronicle & Tab. Retrieved January 29, 2013.
  29. Landler, Mark (December 21, 2012). "Kerry Named for the Role of a Lifetime". NYTimes.com. The New York Times. p. A1. Retrieved January 8, 2013.
  30. Seelye, Katharine (January 30, 2013). "Governor Names Longtime Friend to Kerry’s Seat". NYTimes.com. The New York Times. Retrieved January 30, 2013.
  31. Santi, Angela (June 4, 2013). "Chris Christie: Special Election To Be Held In October For Frank Lautenberg's Seat". AP. The Huffington Post. Retrieved June 4, 2013.
  32. 1 2 Cramer, Ruby (October 23, 2013). "Cory Booker To Be Sworn In To The Senate On Halloween". Buzzfeed. Retrieved October 23, 2013.
  33. O'Keefe, Ed (November 21, 2012). "Jesse Jackson Jr. resigns: Read his resignation letter". washingtonpost.com. The Washington Post.
  34. "Kelly, Robin L.". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress.
  35. 2012 Congressional Record, Vol. 158, Page H7467 (December 30, 2012)
  36. Camia, Catalina (May 14, 2013). "Mark Sanford to be sworn in Wednesday". USAToday.com. USA Today. Retrieved June 5, 2013.
  37. "Missouri rep leaving Congress in February". cnn.com. CNN. December 3, 2012.
  38. "2013 Missouri House 8th District Special Election". Politico.com. Politico. June 4, 2013. Retrieved June 4, 2013.
  39. "Jason Smith sworn in as newest Missourian in Congress". stltoday.com. St. Louis Post-Dispatch. June 6, 2013. Retrieved June 6, 2013.
  40. Isenstadt, Alex (December 10, 2013). "Katherine Clark wins Massachusetts special".
  41. McGaughy, Lauren (August 7, 2013). "Rodney Alexander to join Jindal administration, departure from Congress will trigger special election". The Times-Picayune. Retrieved August 8, 2013.
  42. Alpert, Bruce (November 21, 2013). "Vance McAllister's first visit to Washington is to take a seat in Congress". The Times-Picayune. Retrieved November 23, 2013.
  43. http://www.wtsp.com/news/topstories/article/360110/250/Jolly-to-be-sworn-in-Thursday-afternoon
  44. Sherman, Jake (January 27, 2014). "Trey Radel to resign House seat". politico.com. Retrieved January 27, 2014.
  45. Ostermeier, Eric (February 4, 2014). "Andrews Exits US House with Top 10 Longest Tenure in New Jersey History". Retrieved February 27, 2014.
Wikisource has original text related to this article:
This article is issued from Wikipedia. The text is licensed under Creative Commons - Attribution - Sharealike. Additional terms may apply for the media files.