''Ulmus glabra'' 'Crispa'

Ulmus glabra

'Crispa' leaf
Cultivar 'Crispa'
Origin England

The wych elm cultivar Ulmus glabra 'Crispa' Loudon [:'curled', the leaf margin], sometimes known as the Fernleaf Elm, arose before 1800 [1] and was first listed by Willdenow as U. crispa (1809).[2] Loudon determined it a variety of U. montana [:U. glabra] (1838).[3]

Hanham (1857) noted that in his day concave-leaved Field Elm, U. campestris concavaefolia, was frequently mistaken and sold in nurseries for 'Crispa', "though there is a wide difference between them".[4]

Description

'Crispa' is a slow-growing tree with pendulous branches bearing narrow, linear to oblanceolate leaves up to 9 cm long by 3.5 cm broad, distinctively wrinkled and with numerous incised curved teeth.[5] Hanham (1857), concurring with Loudon (1838), described it as "generally of a slender and stunted habit of growth",[4] and Henry (1913) as a small tree;[6] mature specimens in Sweden, however, have attained a height comparable to the type.[7]

Pests and diseases

A cultivar of the wych elm, 'Crispa' is susceptible to Dutch elm disease.

Cultivation

The tree was once to be found in botanical gardens across Britain, notably at Kew,[8][9] but only one mature tree is now known to survive, at the Rosemoor Garden in Devon. Specimens survive in Sweden [10] and Latvia. As 'Crispa' was marketed in Poland in the 19th century by the Ulrich nursery,[11] Warsaw, other specimens may still survive elsewhere in Eastern Europe.

The tree is not known to have been introduced to North America, but was once listed by nurseries in Australia in the early 20th century; there are no records of any survivors.[12]

Synonymy

Accessions

Europe

Nurseries

References

  1. ↑ Krüssman, Gerd, Manual of Cultivated Broad-Leaved Trees & Shrubs (1984 vol. 3)
  2. ↑ Willdenow, Carl Ludwig (1809). Enumeratio plantarum horti regii botanici Berolinensis. p. 295.
  3. ↑ Loudon, John Claudius (1838). Arboretum et fruticetum Britannicum. 3. p. 1404., p.1399
  4. 1 2 Hanham, F. (1857). A Manual for the Park (Royal Victoria Park, Bath). Longman, London.
  5. ↑ Bean, W. J. (1981). Trees and shrubs hardy in Great Britain, 7th edition. Murray, London.
  6. ↑ Elwes, H. J. & Henry, A. (1913). The Trees of Great Britain & Ireland. Vol. VII.  p.1867. Private publication, Edinburgh.
  7. ↑ tradgardsakademin.se/aktuella-uppdateringar/ulmus-glabra-crispa-rynkalm
  8. ↑ Elwes, H. J. & Henry, A. (1913). The Trees of Great Britain & Ireland. Vol. VII. pp 1848-1929. Private publication, Edinburgh.
  9. ↑ Green, Peter Shaw (1964). "Registration of cultivar names in Ulmus". Arnoldia. Arnold Arboretum, Harvard University. 24 (6–8): 41–80. Retrieved 16 February 2017.
  10. ↑ Photographs of mature specimens of U. glabra 'Crispa' in Serafimerparken in Kungsholmen, Stockholm, and in Norrköping,
  11. ↑ Ulrich, C. (1894), Katalog Drzew i Krezewow, C. Ulrich, Rok 1893–94, Warszawa
  12. ↑ Spencer, R., Hawker, J. and Lumley, P. (1991). Elms in Australia. Australia: Royal Botanic Gardens, Melbourne. ISBN 0-7241-9962-4.
  13. ↑ Centrum voor Botanische Verrijking vzw: Voorraadlijst, accessdate: November 2, 2016
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