''Ulmus glabra'' 'Cornuta'

Ulmus glabra cultivar
Cultivar 'Cornuta'
Origin Europe

The Wych Elm cultivar Ulmus glabra 'Cornuta', in cultivation before 1845,[1] is a little-known tree, finally identified as a cultivar of U. glabra by Boom in Nederlandse Dendrologie 1: 157, 1959.[2]

The cultivar 'Triserrata', usually considered a synonym of 'Cornuta',[2] was first described by Kirchner in Petzold and Kirchner (1864) as U. triserrata Hort..[3] It was distributed by the Späth nursery, Berlin, in the late 1890s and early 1900s as U. montana triserrata Kirch..[4]

Description

'Cornuta' is distinguished only by the one or two cusp-like lobes either side of the apex of the leaf on strong-growing shoots, similar to Ulmus laciniata. Short-shoot leaves lack the cusps.[5][6]

U. triserrata Hort. (syn. U. intermedia Hort.) was described in Petzold and Kirchner as "very similar to U. montana, but the leaves appear to be firmer, a little shorter, and widened towards the tip. The tip is very sharp-pointed, likewise the two large teeth, one on each side, in consequence of which the leaf appears tricuspidate. A form similar in appearance but less pronounced occurs in U. montana." Späth catalogues describe the leaf of U. montana triserrata as "usually three-pointed", but herbarium leaf-specimens in the Royal Botanic Garden Edinburgh from Späth's specimens show a non-cuspidate leaf with a triserrate (triple-toothed) margin (see External links below).

Pests and diseases

A cultivar of the Wych Elm, 'Cornuta' is susceptible to Dutch Elm disease. A specimen at the Ryston Hall , Norfolk, arboretum, obtained from the Späth nursery (as U. triserrata) before 1914,[7] was killed by the earlier strain of Dutch elm disease prevalent in the 1930s.

Cultivation

'Cornuta' is now very rare in cultivation. Although introduced to North America, there is no record of its introduction to Australasia. One tree, possibly 'Cornuta', was planted in 1897 as U. montana laciniata syn. U. montana triserrata at the Dominion Arboretum, Ottowa, Canada.[8] Three specimens supplied by Späth to the RBGE in 1902 as U. montana triserrata may survive in Edinburgh, as it was the practice of the Garden to distribute trees about the city (viz. the Wentworth Elm);[9] the current list of Living Accessions held in the Garden per se does not list the plant.[10]

Notable trees

A very large tree survives at Meise, in Belgium; measured in 2002, it had attained a height of 35 m, and a d.b.h. of @ 1.2 m. Several examples survive along Milletstraat in Amsterdam.[11][12] Three heavily pruned trees, closely planted and now fused together as one stand behind the Centraal Museum in Utrecht, Netherlands.[13][14]

Accessions

North America
Europe

Europe

Synonymy

References

  1. ↑ Krüssman, Gerd, Manual of Cultivated Broad-Leaved Trees & Shrubs (1984 vol. 3)
  2. 1 2 Green, Peter Shaw (1964). "Registration of cultivar names in Ulmus". Arnoldia. Arnold Arboretum, Harvard University. 24 (6–8): 41–80. Retrieved 16 February 2017.
  3. ↑ Petzold; Kirchner (1864). Arboretum Muscaviense. p. 567.
  4. ↑ Katalog (PDF). 108. Berlin, Germany: L. Späth Baumschulenweg. 1902–1903. pp. 132–133.
  5. ↑ Bean, W. J. (1981). Trees and shrubs hardy in Great Britain, 7th edition. Murray, London.
  6. ↑ Krüssman, Gerd, Manual of Cultivated Broad-Leaved Trees & Shrubs (1984 vol. 3)
  7. ↑ Ryston Hall Arboretum catalogue. c. 1920. pp. 13–14.
  8. ↑ Catalogue of the trees and shrubs in the arboretum and botanic gardens at the central experimental farm (2 ed.). 1899. p. 75.
  9. ↑ Accessions book. Royal Botanic Garden Edinburgh. 1902. pp. 45,47.
  10. ↑ "List of Living Accessions: Ulmus". Royal Botanic Garden Edinburgh. Retrieved 21 September 2016.
  11. ↑ "Ulmus" (PDF). Tuin & Landscape: 35. 2011.
  12. ↑ "Milletstraat, Amsterdam". Google Street View.
  13. ↑ "Monumentale boom > Duiveltjesiep utrecht". Bomenbieb.
  14. ↑ "Tolsteegsingel, Utrecht". Google Street View.
  15. ↑ Centrum voor Botanische Verrijking vzw: Voorraadlijst, accessdate: November 2, 2016
  16. ↑ Krüssman, Gerd, Manual of Cultivated Broad-Leaved Trees & Shrubs (1984 vol. 3)
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