''Ulmus'' 'Cathedral'
| Ulmus hybrid cultivar | |
|---|---|
_140608a.jpg) 'Cathedral' in Jean Desmetstraat, Amsterdam | |
| Hybrid parentage | U. davidiana var. japonica × U. pumila |
| Cultivar | 'Cathedral' |
| Origin | WARF, Wisconsin, USA |
Ulmus 'Cathedral' is a hybrid cultivar raised at University of Wisconsin–Madison (no. W44-25) patented in 1994. Arising from a chance crossing of the Japanese elm (female parent) and Siberian elm, seed was sent in 1958 by Prof. Nobuku Takahashi and his colleagues at the Sapporo Botanical Garden of Hokkaido University, Sapporo,[1] to Eugene Smalley at Wisconsin–Madison;[2][3] 'Cathedral' is thus a sibling of 'Sapporo Autumn Gold'.
Description
The tree is distinguished by its weeping form and large elliptic leaves, < 14 cm long by < 8 cm broad, almost the same size and shape of those of its female parent, the Japanese Elm, spinach green when mature, turning yellow and orange in autumn. [4]
Leaf and 1 Euro coin
Foliage_130823c.jpg)
'Cathedral', Sneek Akkerwinde, Netherlands
Cultivars in Netherlands; 'Cathedral' at far left
Pests and diseases
Tests in the USA have found 'Cathedral' to be less resistant to Dutch elm disease than its WARF stablemates such as 'New Horizon', although damage is usually confined to the branch tips. Studies in France by the Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA) confirmed the tree as only 'moderately resistant'.[5] The leaves are also favoured by leaf hoppers and other insects that feed by piercing and sucking.[6]
Cultivation
The tree requires relatively high levels of maintenance owing to its predilection for breaks occasioned by branch inclusions. 'Cathedral' is widely available across the United States, and has also been commercially released in Europe.
Etymology
The tree was named by Mr Donald Willeke of Minneapolis, who observed that where planted in tight rows, a series of gothic cathedral-like arches was ultimately created between the trees.
Accessions
North America
- Brenton Arboretum, Dallas Center, Iowa. 5 trees, acquired 2009. Acc. no. not known.
- Holden Arboretum. Acc. no. 91–202
- Morton Arboretum. Acc. no. 205–2008, 30–2009
Europe
- Grange Farm Arboretum , Sutton St James, Spalding, Lincs., UK. Acc. no. 1058.
Nurseries
North America
- Bailey Nurseries , St Paul, Minnesota
- Johnson's Nursery , Menomonee Falls, Wisconsin
- Lee Nursery Inc. , Fertile, Minnesota
- Linder's Garden Center , St. Paul, Minnesota.
- Sherman Nurseries , Charles City, Iowa
- Sun Valley Garden Centre , Eden Prairie, Minnesota
Europe
- Future Forests , Kealkill, Bantry, County Cork, Ireland.
- Noordplant kwekerijen , Glimmen, Netherlands.
References
- ↑ Smalley, E. B. and Guries, R. P. Asian Elms: Sources of Disease and Insect Resistance, in Dunn, C P. (ed.). (2000).The Elms - Breeding, Conservation, and Disease Management. Springer Science + Business Media LLC., New York. ISBN 9781461370321
- ↑ Smalley, E. B. & Lester, D. T. (1973). HortScience 8: 514–515, 1973.
- ↑ Smalley, E. B. & Guries, R. P. (1993). Breeding Elms for Resistance to Dutch Elm Disease. Annual Review of Phytopathology Vol. 31 : 325–354. Palo Alto, California.
- ↑ Santamour, J., Frank, S. & Bentz, S. (1995). Updated checklist of elm (Ulmus) cultivars for use in North America. Journal of Arboriculture 21 (3): 121-131. International Society of Arboriculture, Champaign, Illinois, USA.
- ↑ Pinon, J. 2007). Les ormes résistants à la graphiose (:Elms resistant to Dutch Elm Disease). Forêt-entreprise, No. 175 - Juillet 2007, 37–41, IDF, Paris, France. http://www.foretpriveefrancaise.com/data/info/127219-P.pdf
- ↑ Giblin, C. P. & Gillman, J. H. (2006). Elms for the Twin Cities: A Guide for Selection and Maintenance. University of Minnesota.
External links
- http://www.extension.iastate.edu/Publications/SUL4.pdf Summary, inc. photographs, of elm cultivars resistant to Dutch elm disease available in the USA.