U.S. Route 550

U.S. Route 550
Million Dollar Highway
Route information
Auxiliary route of US 50
Length:	305.104 mi[1][2] (491.017 km)
Existed:	1926 – present
Major junctions
South end:	I-25 / US 85 / NM 165 in Bernalillo, NM
	US 64 in Bloomfield, NM US 160 in Durango, CO
North end:	US 50 at Montrose, CO
Location
States:	New Mexico, Colorado
Highway system
United States Numbered Highway System List Special Divided Replaced ← NM 549 NM NM 551 → ← US 491 CO US 650 →

U.S. Route 550 (US 550) is a spur of U.S. Highway 50 that runs from Bernalillo, New Mexico to Montrose, Colorado in the western United States. The section from Silverton to Ouray is frequently called the Million Dollar Highway.^[3]

It is one of the roads on the Trails of the Ancients Byway, one of the designated New Mexico Scenic Byways.^[4]

Route description

New Mexico

View of Tertiary sediments of the San Juan Basin Badlands^[5] at southbound Mile Marker 111 in New Mexico (36.2558°N 107.6229°W).

U.S. 550 begins just north of Albuquerque at Bernalillo and passes through the towns of San Ysidro, Cuba, Bloomfield and Aztec. All of Highway 550 in New Mexico has been upgraded to four lanes, offering a high-speed (70 mph) connection for Farmington, New Mexico and Durango, Colorado to Albuquerque and Santa Fe.

Colorado

Most of U.S. 550 in Colorado is two-lane mountainous highway. It is one of only two north–south U.S. Highways in Colorado which runs west of the Continental Divide The other route is US 491. The route travels north through the San Juan Mountains.

U.S. Route 550 at the Uncompahgre Gorge

The Million Dollar Highway stretches for about 25 miles (40 km) in western Colorado and follows the route of U.S. 550 between Silverton and Ouray, Colorado. It is part of the San Juan Skyway Scenic Byway. Between Durango and Silverton the Skyway loosely parallels the Durango and Silverton Narrow Gauge Railroad.

Though the entire stretch has been called the Million Dollar Highway, it is really the twelve miles (19 km) south of Ouray through the Uncompahgre Gorge to the summit of Red Mountain Pass which gains the highway its name. This stretch through the gorge is challenging and potentially hazardous to drive; it is characterized by steep cliffs, narrow lanes, and a lack of guardrails; the ascent of Red Mountain Pass is marked with a number of hairpin curves used to gain elevation, and again, narrow lanes for traffic—many cut directly into the sides of mountains. During this ascent, the remains of the Idarado Mine are visible. Travel north from Silverton to Ouray allows drivers to hug the inside of curves; travel south from Ouray to Silverton perches drivers on the vertiginous outside edge of the highway. Large RVs travel in both directions, which adds a degree of excitement (or danger) to people in cars.^[6] The road is kept open year-round. Summer temperatures can range from 70–90 °F highs at the ends of the highway to 50–70 °F in the mountain passes. The snow season starts in October, and snow will often close the road in winter. Chains may be required to drive.^[7]

North of Durango, the highway passes by Trimble Springs, hot springs that have been open for visitors since the late 19th century. The highway runs north along the Animas River, under the Hermosa Cliffs. It enters the San Juan National Forest and goes past Haviland Lake and Electra Lake. Drivers pass by Engineer Mountain and Twilight Peak before crossing Coal Bank Pass. Next is Molas Pass, which offers a panoramic view of Molas Lake, the Animas River Gorge, and Snowdon Peak. Northbound travelers then pass through the town of Silverton, elevation 9,320 feet (2841 m), surrounded by 13,000 foot (4000 m) peaks Sultan Mountain, Kendall Mountain, and Storm Peak.^[7]

The highway leaves Silverton and proceeds up Mineral Creek Valley before ascending to Red Mountain Pass. The ruins of the Longfellow Mine are visible along the way. The highway then goes through a series of steep grades and hairpin turns before reaching Lookout Point, which offers a view of the town of Ouray.^[7]

Looking south toward Red Mountain Pass.

This section of the route passes over three mountain passes:

• Coal Bank Pass, elevation 10,640 ft (3,240 m).
• Molas Pass, elevation 10,970 ft (3,340 m).
• Red Mountain Pass, elevation 11,018 ft (3,358 m).

An "overpass" for an active avalanche chute on the Million Dollar Highway, south of Ouray.

The origin of the name Million Dollar Highway is disputed. There are several legends, though, including that it cost a million dollars a mile to build in the 1920s, and that its fill dirt contains a million dollars in gold ore.^[3]

There are seventy named avalanche paths that intersect Highway 550 in the 23 miles between Ouray and Silverton, Colorado.^[8]

U.S. 550 ends at the corner of Townsend Avenue and San Juan Avenue in Montrose, Colorado at the junction of its parent route U.S. Highway 50.

History

A view of the Million Dollar Highway pass.

The original portion of the Million Dollar Highway was a toll road built by Otto Mears in 1883 to connect Ouray and Ironton.^[3] Another toll road was built over Red Mountain Pass from Ironton to Silverton. In the late 1880s Otto Mears turned to building railroads and built the Silverton Railroad north from Silverton over Red Mountain Pass to reach the lucrative mining districts around Red Mountain, terminating at Albany just eight miles (13 km) south of Ouray. The remaining eight miles (13 km) were considered too difficult and steep for a railroad. At one point a cog railroad was proposed, but it never made it beyond the planning stage.

In the early 1920s, the original toll road was rebuilt at considerable cost and became the present day US 550. The Million Dollar Highway was completed in 1924.^[7] Today the entire route is part of the San Juan Skyway Scenic Byway.

Highway 550 was part of the original 1926 federal highway system. The original highway extended 110 miles (177 km) from Montrose, Colorado at U.S. Highway 50 to U.S. Highway 450 (now U.S. Highway 160) at Durango, Colorado. In 1934, Highway 550 was extended through Farmington to Shiprock, New Mexico. In 1989, the western end of Highway 550 was replaced with U.S. Highway 64 between Farmington and Shiprock. In 1999, Highway 550 was rerouted at Aztec, New Mexico to replace New Mexico State Highway 44 to Bernalillo, New Mexico, at which time all of Highway 550 in New Mexico was upgraded to four lanes.

In 2009 U.S. 50 was re-routed onto the San Juan Avenue bypass to avoid downtown Montrose. As a result, U.S. 550 was extended approximately one mile Northwest to intersect with the new U.S. 50 alignment.

Major intersections

State	County	Location	mi[1][2]	km	Destinations	Notes
New Mexico	Sandoval	Bernalillo	0.000	0.000	I-25 – Albuquerque, Santa Fe	Southern terminus
			2.440	3.927	NM 528 south – Rio Rancho
		​	23.225	37.377	NM 4 north – San Ysidro
		​	63.381	102.002	NM 197 south – Torreon
		Cuba	64.346	103.555	NM 126 east – Santa Fe National Forest
		​	68.025	109.476	NM 96 north – La Jara
		​	85.485	137.575	NM 537 north
	San Juan	​	123.470	198.706	NM 57 south
		Bloomfield	151.746	244.212	US 64 – Farmington, Taos	Southern end of NM 544 overlap
		Aztec	159.584	256.826	NM 516 west (Aztec Boulevard) – Farmington
			161.470	259.861	NM 173 east – Navajo State Park
			174.885 0.000	281.450 0.000	Colorado–New Mexico state line
Colorado	La Plata	​	16.561	26.652	US 160 east – Pagosa Springs	South end of US 160 overlap
		Durango	18.369	29.562	SH 3 north
			20.177	32.472	SH 3 south
			20.916	33.661	US 160 west – Cortez	North end of US 160 overlap
	San Juan	No major junctions
	Ouray	Ridgway	103.702	166.892	SH 62 west – Placerville
	Montrose	Montrose	129.306	208.098	SH 90 west (Main Street) – Naturita
			130.219	209.567	US 50 – Delta, Gunnison	Northern terminus
1.000 mi = 1.609 km; 1.000 km = 0.621 mi       Concurrency terminus

Related routes

• U.S. Route 50
• U.S. Route 150
• U.S. Route 250
• U.S. Route 350
• U.S. Route 450
• U.S. Route 650

See also

• Cascade Lodge

References

External links

Route map: Google

• Media related to U.S. Route 550 at Wikimedia Commons
• Endpoints of U.S. Highway 550