United States Ambassador to Romania

Ambassador of the United States to Romania

Seal of the United States Department of State
Incumbent
Hans G. Klemm
since September 21, 2015
Nominator The President of the United States
Inaugural holder Eugene Schuyler
as Diplomatic Agent/Consul General
Formation June 11, 1880
Website U.S. Embassy - Bucharest

A United States diplomatic representative to Romania has existed since 1880. The United States formally recognized Romania in 1878, following the Treaty of Berlin; diplomatic relations were opened in 1880, and American diplomats were sent to the country. Until the early 20th century, most ambassadors to Romania were also responsible for Greece, Serbia, and occasionally Bulgaria. No US Embassy was established in Romania for some time, ambassadors typically operated out of Athens until about 1905, at which point an embassy was established in Bucharest.

The main US embassy in Romania remains in Bucharest and is located at 4-6 Dr. Liviu Librescu Blvd. For several years during World War II, following the death of Ambassador Franklin Mott Gunther there was no American ambassador to Romania. The latter country became an Axis country, and declared war on the Allies (see Romania during World War II). Preceded by American representation in the Allied Commission after 1945, the diplomatic mission was reopened in 1947. In 1994, the US embassy was expanded, and a branch office was opened in Cluj-Napoca. The ambassador Mark H. Gitenstein finished his term in December 2012 and Duane C. Butcher, the Deputy Chief of Mission, has become Chargé d'affaires ad interim as of December 14.[1]

Ambassadors

U.S. diplomatic terms

Career FSO
After 1915, The United States Department of State began classifying ambassadors as career Foreign Service Officers (FSOs) for those who have served in the Foreign Service for a specified amount of time.

Political appointee
A person who is not a career foreign service officer, but is appointed by the president (often as a reward to political friends).

Appointed
The date that the ambassador took the oath of office; also known as “commissioning”. It follows confirmation of a presidential appointment by the Senate, or a Congressional-recess appointment by the president. In the case of a recess appointment, the ambassador requires subsequent confirmation by the Senate.

Presented credentials
The date that the ambassador presented his letter of credence to the head of state or appropriate authority of the receiving nation. At this time the ambassador officially becomes the representative of his country. This would normally occur a short time after the ambassador’s arrival on station. The host nation may reject the ambassador by not receiving the ambassador’s letter, but this occurs only rarely.

Terminated mission
Usually the date that the ambassador left the country. In some cases a letter of recall is presented, ending the ambassador’s commission, either as a means of diplomatic protest or because the diplomat is being reassigned elsewhere and replaced by another envoy.

Chargé d'affaires
The person in charge of the business of the embassy when there is no ambassador commissioned to the host country. See chargé d'affaires.

Ad interim
Latin phrase meaning "for the time being", "in the meantime". See ad interim.

Notes

  1. ↑ U.S. Embassy in Bucharest: Ambassador
  2. ↑ Later promoted to Chargé d'Affaires/Consul General, eventually as Minister Resident/Consul General at which point he was also accredited to Greece and Serbia and transferred residence to Athens.
  3. ↑ Credentials delivered in a private audience, December 14, 1880; not formally received although the Romanian Foreign Ministry had indicated on August 13, 1880 a willingness to enter provisionally into relations with the U.S. Legation.
  4. ↑ Commissioned during a recess of the Senate; recommissioned after confirmation on January 13, 1886. Also accredited to Greece and Serbia; resident at Athens.
  5. ↑ Promoted to Envoy Extraordinary and Minister Plenipotentiary
  6. ↑ Commissioned during a recess of the Senate; recommissioned after confirmation on December 19, 1889. Also accredited to Greece and Serbia; resident at Athens.
  7. ↑ Promoted to Minister Resident/Consul General and later Envoy Extraordinary and Minister Plenipotentiary/Consul General
  8. 1 2 3 Also accredited to Greece and Serbia; resident at Athens.
  9. ↑ Later recommissioned as Envoy Extraordinary and Minister Plenipotentiary
  10. ↑ Commissioned during a recess of the Senate; recommissioned after confirmation on December 14, 1899. Also accredited to Greece and Serbia; resident at Athens.
  11. ↑ Commissioned during a recess of the Senate, also accredited to Greece and Serbia
  12. ↑ Commissioned during a recess of the Senate; recommissioned after confirmation on December 8, 1902. Also accredited to Greece and Serbia; resident at Athens. Later recommissioned as Envoy Extraordinary and Minister Plenipotentiary to Greece, Romania, and Serbia and Diplomatic Agent to Bulgaria; resident at Athens. Recommissioned during a recess of the Senate; recommissioned after confirmation on November 16, 1903.
  13. ↑ Commissioned to Romania and Serbia; resident at Bucharest
  14. ↑ Commissioned to Romania and Serbia; resident at Bucharest. Later Recommissioned as Envoy Extraordinary and Minister Plenipotentiary to Romania and Serbia and Diplomatic Agent in Bulgaria during a recess of the Senate; recommissioned after confirmation on December 12, 1907.
  15. ↑ Commissioned as Envoy Extraordinary and Minister Plenipotentiary to Romania and Serbia and Diplomatic Agent in Bulgaria
  16. ↑ Commissioned as Envoy Extraordinary and Minister Plenipotentiary to Romania and Serbia and Diplomatic Agent in Bulgaria; resident at Bucharest.
  17. ↑ Commissioned during a recess of the Senate as Envoy Extraordinary and Minister Plenipotentiary to Romania and Serbia and Diplomatic Agent in Bulgaria; resident at Bucharest; recommissioned on December 13, 1909, after confirmation. Later recommissioned as Envoy Extraordinary and Minister Plenipotentiary to Romania, Serbia, and Bulgaria
  18. 1 2 Commissioned as Envoy Extraordinary and Minister Plenipotentiary to Romania, Serbia, and Bulgaria; resident at Bucharest.
  19. ↑ Commissioned during a recess of the Senate; recommissioned after confirmation on December 17, 1925.
  20. ↑ Commissioned during a recess of the Senate; recommissioned after confirmation on January 23, 1929.
  21. ↑ Commissioned during a recess of the Senate; recommissioned after confirmation on June 4, 1953.
  22. ↑ Commissioned during a recess of the Senate; recommissioned after confirmation on January 25, 1956.
  23. ↑ Commissioned during a recess of the Senate; recommissioned after confirmation on January 30, 1962. Later promoted to Ambassador Extraordinary and Plenipotentiary, Commissioned during a recess of the Senate; recommissioned after confirmation on January 18, 1965. John P. Shaw was serving as Chargé d'Affaires ad interim when the Legation in Bucharest was raised to Embassy status on June 1, 1964.
  24. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Commissioned to the Socialist Republic of Romania.
  25. ↑ Chargé d'affaires a.i.

See also

References

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