Islas Marías

Islas Marías
Geography
Location Pacific Ocean
Coordinates 21°31′N 106°29′W / 21.517°N 106.483°W / 21.517; -106.483Coordinates: 21°31′N 106°29′W / 21.517°N 106.483°W / 21.517; -106.483
Archipelago Islas Marías
Total islands 9
Major islands María Madre, María Magdalena, María Cleofas & San Juanito
Area 244.970 km2 (94.583 sq mi)
Highest elevation 616 m (2,021 ft)
Highest point Punta Rocallosa
Administration
Mexico
State Nayarit
Municipality San Blas, Nayarit
Largest settlement Puerto Balleto (pop. 602)
Demographics
Population 1,116 (2005)
Pop. density 7.68 /km2 (19.89 /sq mi)

The Islas Marías ("Mary Islands") are an archipelago of four islands that belong to Mexico. They are located in the Pacific Ocean, some 100 km (62 mi) off the coast of the state of Nayarit. They are part of the municipality (municipio) of San Blas, Nayarit. As of 2011, the islands are still being used as a penal colony, containing the Islas Marias Federal Prison.

In 2010 the archipelago was designated the Islas Marías Biosphere Reserve by UNESCO[1][2]

Geography

The islands have an aggregate area of 244.970 km². 1,116 people lived on Isla María Madre as of the census of 2005. The other islands are uninhabited. The main settlement is Puerto Balleto, with a population of 602.

Isla María Madre is the largest of the islands, with a surface area of 145.282 km². It houses the Islas Marías Federal Prison which was established there in 1905. The next two largest islands are Isla María Magdalena (70.440 km²) and, further south, Isla María Cleofas (19.818 km²). They were named after three women called Mary in the Biblical New Testament: respectively, Mary, the mother of Jesus, Mary Magdalene, and Mary, the wife of Cleopas, and are referred to as the Tres Marias. A smaller island, Isla San Juanito, with an area of 9.105 km² lies off the north coast of Isla María Madre.

The islands are listed from north to south in the following table:

Island or Rock Area
km²		Height
m		Location
San Juanito 9.105 . 21°44′48″N 106°40′41″W / 21.74667°N 106.67806°W / 21.74667; -106.67806 (San Juanito)
Piedra El Morro 0.060 . 21°44′17″N 106°42′11″W / 21.73806°N 106.70306°W / 21.73806; -106.70306 (Piedra El Morro)
María Madre 145.282 616 21°36′57″N 106°34′42″W / 21.61583°N 106.57833°W / 21.61583; -106.57833 (María Madre)
Isla Don Boni 0.025 . 21°32′30″N 106°32′00″W / 21.54167°N 106.53333°W / 21.54167; -106.53333 (Isla Don Boni)
María Magdalena 70.440 457 21°27′44″N 106°25′48″W / 21.46222°N 106.43000°W / 21.46222; -106.43000 (María Magdalena)
María Cleofas 19.818 402 21°18′44″N 106°14′51″W / 21.31222°N 106.24750°W / 21.31222; -106.24750 (María Cleofas)
Piedra Blanca 0.172 . 21°19′01″N 106°17′09″W / 21.31694°N 106.28583°W / 21.31694; -106.28583 (Piedra Blanca)
Roca Blanca 0.034 . 21°17′44″N 106°16′07″W / 21.29556°N 106.26861°W / 21.29556; -106.26861 (Roca Blanca)
Unnamed Rock 0.034 . 21°17′52″N 106°16′35″W / 21.29778°N 106.27639°W / 21.29778; -106.27639 (Unnamed Rock)
Islas Marías 244.970 616 21°32′N 106°28′W / 21.533°N 106.467°W / 21.533; -106.467 (Islas Marías)

The first European to discover the islands was Diego Hurtado de Mendoza, a cousin of Hernan Cortez in 1532, who gave them the name Islas Magdalenas. He found no evidence of prior habitation by the Native Americans.

In addition to prisoners, on Maria Madre island there are employees of diverse institutions of the federal government, such as the Secretariat of Public Education, the Secretariat of the Environment, the Secretariat of Communications and Transport, post office, and the Secretariat of the Navy. Another group of settlers is made up of religious ministers and acolytes of the Catholic Church, nuns of the Order of Social Service, and invited teachers, technicians and their relatives.

The colony is governed by a state official who is both the governor of the islands and chief judge. The military command is independent and is exercised by an officer of the Mexican Navy.

Populated places

All populated places of the Islas Marías are on Isla María Madre. They are listed from north to south in the following table:

Populated Place Population (Census 2005)Location
Punta el Morro - 21°41′45″N 106°39′19″W / 21.69583°N 106.65528°W / 21.69583; -106.65528 (Punta el Morro)
Venustiano Carranza (Serradero, Aserradero) - 21°40′45″N 106°36′45″W / 21.67917°N 106.61250°W / 21.67917; -106.61250 (Venustiano Carranza)
Campamento Cica (Bugambilias) 190 21°40′15″N 106°37′45″W / 21.67083°N 106.62917°W / 21.67083; -106.62917 (Campamento Cica)
Campamento Nayarit 51 21°39′00″N 106°32′20″W / 21.65000°N 106.53889°W / 21.65000; -106.53889 (Campamento Nayarit)
Campamento Rehilete 71 21°38′44″N 106°32′29″W / 21.64556°N 106.54139°W / 21.64556; -106.54139 (Campamento Rehilete)
Puerto Balleto (Isla María Madre) 602 21°37′58″N 106°32′21″W / 21.63278°N 106.53917°W / 21.63278; -106.53917 (Puerto Balleto)
Zacatal - 21°37′44″N 106°35′26″W / 21.62889°N 106.59056°W / 21.62889; -106.59056 (Zacatal)
Camarón - 21°37′26″N 106°37′55″W / 21.62389°N 106.63194°W / 21.62389; -106.63194 (Camarón)
Campamento Hospital (Veinte de Noviembre) 53 21°37′34″N 106°31′55″W / 21.62611°N 106.53194°W / 21.62611; -106.53194 (Campamento Hospital)
Las Antenas 2 21°37′15″N 106°36′18″W / 21.62083°N 106.60500°W / 21.62083; -106.60500 (Las Antenas)
Campamento Morelos (José María Morelos) 98 21°36′04″N 106°30′47″W / 21.60111°N 106.51306°W / 21.60111; -106.51306 (Campamento Morelos)
Campamento San Juan Papelillo 18 21°35′30″N 106°36′26″W / 21.59167°N 106.60722°W / 21.59167; -106.60722 (Campamento San Juan Papelillo)
Borbollón (Borbollones) - 21°34′15″N 106°31′00″W / 21.57083°N 106.51667°W / 21.57083; -106.51667 (Borbollón)
Campamento Laguna del Toro 31 21°34′08″N 106°32′37″W / 21.56889°N 106.54361°W / 21.56889; -106.54361 (Campamento Laguna del Toro)
Punta Halcones - 21°32′45″N 106°32′30″W / 21.54583°N 106.54167°W / 21.54583; -106.54167 (Punta Halcones)
Isla María Madre 1116 21°36′57″N 106°34′42″W / 21.61583°N 106.57833°W / 21.61583; -106.57833 (Isla María Madre)

Each populated center features a different economic activity. The primary population center is Puerto Balleto, the location of the administrative offices and the primary centers of commerce and recreation. It is subdivided into four jefaturas:

  1. Balleto, 21°38′02″N 106°32′21″W / 21.63389°N 106.53917°W / 21.63389; -106.53917 (Balleto)
  2. Bellavista, 21°38′19″N 106°32′30″W / 21.63861°N 106.54167°W / 21.63861; -106.54167 (Bellavista)
  3. Unit Habitacional Miguel Hidalgo (UHMH), 21°38′13″N 106°32′26″W / 21.63694°N 106.54056°W / 21.63694; -106.54056 (Unit Habitacional Miguel Hidalgo)
  4. Primero de Mayo, 21°38′20″N 106°32′23″W / 21.63889°N 106.53972°W / 21.63889; -106.53972 (Primero del Mayo)

See also

Notes

  1. ↑ "Designation of New Biosphere Reserves". UNESCO. 17 June 2010. Retrieved 13 June 2016.
  2. ↑ "Islas María". UNESCO. Retrieved 13 June 2016.

References

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