Trøndersk

Trøndersk
Region Trøndelag, Nordmøre, Bindal, Frostviken
Language codes
ISO 639-3 –
Glottolog None

Trøndersk, also known as trøndermål, trøndsk and trønder, is a Norwegian dialect, or rather a group of several sub-dialects. As it is the case with all Norwegian dialects, it has no standard orthography, and its users write either Bokmål, or in the case of 0.6% Nynorsk.[1]

It is spoken in the region Trøndelag, the district Nordmøre and the municipality Bindal in Norway as well as in Frostviken in northern Jämtland, Sweden, which was colonized in the 18th century by settlers from Nord-Trøndelag and transferred to Sweden as late as 1751. The dialect is, among other things, perhaps mostly characterized by the use of apocope, palatalization and the use of retroflex flaps (thick L). Historically it also applied to contiguous regions of Jämtland and Härjedalen (which sometimes but rarely are referred to as "Øst-Trøndelag" by locals and Norwegians).

The word trøndersk is an adjective describing a Trønder (a person from Trøndelag) or anything coming from or relating to Trøndelag (including the dialect).

Some of the more conspicuous variations of these dialects of Norwegian, in addition to the aforementioned apocope and palatalization, are that most of the personal pronouns are pronounced differently than in Standard Norwegian, e.g. Trondheim dialect: 1st person singular nominative /æː/, commonly rendered as "æ" (Standard Norwegian "eg" (Nynorsk) / "jeg" (Bokmål)), or 2nd person plural accusative /dɔkː/ or /dɔkːɛr/, commonly spelled "dokker" or "dåkker" (Standard Norwegian "dykk" (Nynorsk) / "dere" (Bokmål)). Variation among personal pronouns are common in most Norwegian dialects.

Phonology

The Meldal subdialect has a very original realization of /iː/, which is a syllabic, palatalized frictionless dental approximant [ð̩ʲ˕ː]. This sound is also found in some dialects of Swedish.[2][3]

In the subdialect of the traditional district of Namdalen, Old Norse /aː/ is often realized as a wide diphthong [ɑu]. This is also the case in the interior dialect Sogn, as well as in Jamtlandic, the dialect of Voss, and the Icelandic language.

See also

References

  1. ↑ http://www.sprakradet.no/Vi-og-vart/Publikasjoner/Spraaknytt/Arkivet/Spraaknytt_1996/Spraaknytt_1996_1/Nynorsk_i_Noreg_i_dag/
  2. ↑ Vanvik (1979), p. 14.
  3. ↑ "dialekter i Sør-Trøndelag − Store norske leksikon". Retrieved 21 July 2015.

Bibliography

  • Jenstad, Tor Erik; Dalen, Arnold, eds. (2002), Trønderordboka, Trondheim, ISBN 82-519-1711-5 
  • Vanvik, Arne (1979), Norsk fonetikk, Oslo: Universitetet i Oslo, ISBN 82-990584-0-6 


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