Tornado (1993 video game)

Tornado
Developer(s)	Digital Integration
Publisher(s)	Spectrum Holobyte
Platform(s)	Amiga, DOS
Release	1993
Genre(s)	Combat flight simulator

Tornado - Operation Desert Storm CD-ROM addon cover (1994)

A Tornado in low-level action over Europe (screenshot, 1993).

Tornado's mission planner with a complex multi-plane mission being planned (screenshot, 1994).

A Tornado in low-level action over Iraq in the Operation Desert Storm add-on (screenshot, 1994).

Tornado is a combat flight simulator computer game by Digital Integration that models the Panavia Tornado. It was released in 1993 for DOS and Amiga. Tornado is one of the first flight simulations to offer head-to-head online dogfights.

Gameplay

Tornado features high-speed, low-altitude precision bombing runs over a battlefield full of active friendly and enemy air and ground units.It allows the gamer to utilize all complex avionics in both positions of the two-man cockpit. The campaign mode contains a full-featured mission planner. Depending upon rank, the mission planner screen allows the gamer to plot strategies, gather intelligence data, pin-point targets, study mission briefings, draw flight plans (way points and air patrols), verify payloads, and view weather maps. It also provides the gamer with a three-dimensional view of any area of the map. The mission planner contains a dynamic battlefield map, which reflects the results of the player's latest missions. The mission planner allows the gamer to plot and synchronize attacks consisting of multiple flights of Tornados. The game came with a detailed 332 page printed manual, four full-sized color maps and a full-sized, foldable, keyboard reference card.^[1][2]

Third-Party add-ons and mods

For an early DOS flight simulator, Tornado has many number of mods written for it. Almost all written by Heinz-Bernd Eggenstein of Germany. These include mods to handle night vision, snow effects, time compression (written by Kenneth Larsen), minimum height, Soundblaster cannon bugs, spouse reminder, ordinance manager, add on campaigns and terrain following realism. ^[3] In addition, a comprehensive strategy and tactics tutorial named the "Tornado Command and Staff College (TCSC)" was written by Basil Copeland, Eric Joiner, and Heinz Bernd Eggenstein. ^[4]

History

Tornado was developed by Digital Integration and released in 1993 for DOS and Amiga. Digital Integration based the Tornado modelling on publications in the public domain, research on open shelves and on the Tornado simulator at RAF Honington. The company consulted the Royal Air Force on various aspects of the game including turn rates, cockpit layout, workings of the weapons systems and wing-sweep mechanics.This authenticity was one of the major selling points of the game.^[5]

The Operation Desert Storm add-on was released in 1994. The add-on disk comes with a new desert flying area with 18 new missions, new ground objects for desert scenario, new aircraft and military vehicles, eight new airfields, sixty miles of fortified defences, improved ground force modelling and improved counter air effectiveness. The new warzone also supports campaign play like the original program. The colour schemes of the new aircraft, vehicles, ground objects, and 3D objects are updated for the new desert scenario.^[6]

A soundtrack was released along with certain European releases of Tornado CD versions, though the soundtrack never appeared on the US CD version. The music was composed by Dave Punshon and produced by Richard Wells. The track list includes "Tornado Theme", "Prepare", "Storm", "Wings", "We Can Fly", "Aftermath", "Freedom", "Triumph March", "We'll be Back", and "Flying High".^[7]

In March 2016 in the game community's forum, rumors surfaced that Interplay Entertainment was working on a re-release of the game for digital distribution, based on the original source code.^[8] The assembly source code finally surfaced in January 2017 on github.com.^[9][10]

Reception and reviews

PC Zone's reviewer summarized Tornado with: "The more you play the deeper it gets - eventually you'll need a bathyscaphe. Not for beginners." Of the mission planner, he said: "[it] will impress you so deeply your socks will be blown off. […] it's absolutely incredible." On Tornado's faults, he highlighted the lack of shadow beneath the plane in external view, the use of a single crash sequence regardless of cause of death, the lack of mission replay facility, and the fact that "Digital Integration makes absolutely no concessions to the fact" the gamer had to micromanage both the pilot and navigator roles with their myriad of keystrokes in the heat of the battle. PC Zone gave Tornado a rating of 93%.^[1]

PC Review's reviewer described Tornado as "nothing short of comprehensive. […] if you want an accurate portrayal of what it's like to fly a Tornado and the sort of tactics you'll need to stay alive, then this is a superb product." On Tornado's shortcomings, he identified Tornado's weak explosion sounds and suggested that planes should be modeled to "spiral down out of the sky when hit." He also would have preferred to see mission planning involve other aircraft such as "the Apache Gunships and the A-10s." PC Review rated Tornado as 9/10.^[2]

Computer Gaming World's reviewer, an F-16 instructor pilot with the Vermont Air National Guard, approved of the accurate flight dynamics but disliked the "oddball" keyboard commands and lack of view modes. He especially criticized the air-to-air combat as "a farce", stating that the limited radar and view modes and poor graphical depictions of enemy aircraft made the game an "arcade reflex shooter"; further, modem play only permitted head-to-head air combat despite the Tornado's strike design.^[11] Tornado was a runner-up for Computer Gaming World's 1993 "Simulation Game of the Year" award, which ultimately went to IndyCar Racing. The editors wrote that Tornado features "the most versatile and realistic mission planning approach that flight sim fans have ever been able to use."^[12]

In 1994, PC Gamer UK named Tornado the 14th best computer game of all time. The editors wrote that its "level of long-term appeal and faultless attention to detail easily make Tornado the best flight sim going at the moment."^[13]

Legacy

DOSBox emulation supports the running of Tornado on multiple platforms, even on modern PCs.^[14] Patrick Gilfeather shared how he ran Tornado on his Raspberry Pi machine.^[15] Frankie Kam shared how to run Tornado on an iPad with the use of the iOS app iDOS 2. It is therefore possible to play Tornado on an iOS device with iDOS 2.^[16]

References

External links

• Tornadoman's Bunker – main fan site
• Olpes' Tornado Fansite – longtime fan site
• Tornado at MobyGames – game info and stats
• Tornado Forum – discussion forum
• Cloudacm blog – blog post on installing Tornado on Raspberry Pi