Tom King (highwayman)

Satirical print of a fictional monument to Tom King, the Highwayman (circa 1739)[1]

Tom King (died May 1737) was an English highwayman who operated in the Essex and London areas. His real name is thought to have been Matthew King; whether "Tom" was a nickname or an error in reporting his crimes[2] is uncertain,[3] but it is the name by which he has become popularly known. Some sources claim that he was nicknamed "The Gentleman Highwayman".[4] A contemporary account of his last robbery also mentions a brother, Robert King, who was captured by the authorities on that occasion.

King's fame rests mainly on his association [5] with highwayman Dick Turpin. According to The Newgate Calendar (published nearly forty years after the deaths of Turpin and King), their first encounter occurred when "Turpin, seeing him well mounted and appearing like a gentleman, thought that was the time to recruit his pockets", and tried to rob him.

The Newgate Calendar goes on to say that King was "very well known about the country". According to legend, the two joined forces and hid out in a cave in Epping Forest and pursued a successful partnership.[6] Their first crime together was to steal a race horse called White Stockings or Whitestocking, but it was under King's influence that Turpin turned from his life of petty crime to a career as a highwayman. On 2 May 1737, during a robbery that went wrong, King was shot, possibly by Turpin himself.[5] Turpin rode off, and King later died of his wounds

References

  1. ↑ Scan of print from book Wits, Wenchers and Wantons by E. J. Burford.
  2. ↑ Barlow, Derek (2004), Turpin, Richard (Dick) (bap. 1705, d. 1739), Oxford Dictionary of National Biography, Oxford University Press, doi:10.1093/ref:odnb/27892, retrieved 2009-11-06
  3. ↑ The Newgate Calendar refers to him simply as "King"
  4. ↑ Richard Jones & John Mason, Myths and Legends of Britain (New Holland, 2006), p. 54.
  5. 1 2 Urban, Sylvanus (June 1737), The Gentleman's Magazine: For JANUARY, 1737, E. Cave at St. John's Gate, p. 313
  6. ↑ Stand and Deliver

Further reading

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