Tio Tek Ho

Tio Tek Ho, Majoor der Chinezen
Majoor der Chinezen of Batavia
In office
1896–1907
Preceded by Majoor Lie Tjoe Hong
Succeeded by Majoor Khouw Kim An
Constituency Batavia
Personal details
Born 1857
Batavia, Dutch East Indies
Died 1908
Batavia, Dutch East Indies
Relations Kapitein Tio Tek Soen (brother)
Tio Tek Hong (cousin)
Children Luitenant Tio Wie Han (son)
Parents Tio Tjeng Soey (father)
Occupation Majoor der Chinezen, bureaucrat
Toko Kompak, old family residence of Majoor Tio Tek Ho

Tio Tek Ho, 4th Majoor der Chinezen (Chinese: 趙德鳳; pinyin: Zhào Défèng; 1857 - 1908) was a Chinese-Indonesian bureaucrat who served as the fourth and penultimate Majoor der Chinezen, or Chinese headman, of Batavia, now Jakarta, capital of Indonesia.[1][2] This was the most senior Chinese position in the colonial civil bureaucracy of the Dutch East Indies.[2] As Majoor, Tio was also the Chairman of the Chinese Council of Batavia (Dutch: Chinese Raad; Bahasa Indonesia: Kong Koan), the city's highest Chinese government body.[2]

Born in Pasar Baroe, Batavia, Majoor Tio Tek Ho came from a prominent family of merchant-mandarins, part of the baba bangsawan, or Chinese gentry of colonial Indonesia.[3] His father was the wealthy tycoon and merchant Tio Tjeng Soey. Among the Majoor's many cousins were another official and bureaucrat, Kapitein Tio Tek Soen, and the businessman, publisher and writer Tio Tek Hong.[3] Majoor Tio Tek Ho's eldest son, Tio Wie Han, was also appointed to the honorary position of titular Lieutenant der Chinezen.

The Majoor was in office from 1896 until 1907, and was considered by many to be a conservative traditionalist.[2][4] Notwithstanding this apparent traditionalism, the progressive Phoa Keng Hek, founder of the modernising organisation Tiong Hoa Hwee Koan (THHK) requested Majoor Tio Tek Ho to act as ex-officio Beschermheer (or Patron) of the new foundation.[5][6] The Majoor acceded, thus beginning the long association between the Chinese Mayoralty and Tiong Hoa Hwee Koan.

As recounted by the writer Kwee Tek Hoay, Tio's tenure was marred by the financial mismanagement and corruption of Nie Liang Soei, the Majoor's righthand man and Second Secretary of the Chinese Council.[7] This created some tension between the traditionalist Majoor and the reformist organisation Tiong Hoa Hwee Koan over the use of Chinese government funds for temple and educational activities.[7]

Tio Tek Ho, 4th Majoor der Chinezen of Batavia died in 1908, merely a year after his resignation.[8] He was succeeded eventually in 1910 by Phoa Keng Hek's son-in-law, Khouw Kim An, who served as the fifth and last Majoor der Chinezen of Batavia.[2]

The family's main residence in Batavia, Toko Kompak, is now a major historic landmark in Pasar Baru, Jakarta.[9]

References

  1. ↑ Regeeringsalmanak voor Nederlandsch-Indie [Government Almanac for the Dutch East Indies] (in Dutch). Batavia. 1904. Retrieved 4 February 2017.
  2. 1 2 3 4 5 Lohanda, Mona (1994). The Kapitan Cina of Batavia, 1837-1942. Jakarta: Djambatan.
  3. 1 2 Lombard-Salmon, Claudine; Lombard, Denys (1987). "A propos de la visite à Java d'une escadre impériale chinoise en 1907". Archipel (in French). 33 (1): 79–115. doi:10.3406/arch.1987.2333. Retrieved 4 February 2017.
  4. ↑ Friends of the Kong Koan Archive Foundation. "Kong Koan Batavia". www.kongkoan.nl. Retrieved 4 February 2017.
  5. ↑ Tio, Ie Soei (1916). Lie Kimhok 1853-1912 (in Indonesian). Batavia: Good Luck. Retrieved 4 February 2017.
  6. ↑ Kwee, Tek Hoay (1969). The origins of the modern Chinese movement in Indonesia. Ithaca: Modern Indonesia Project, Southeast Asia Program, Cornell University. Retrieved 4 February 2017.
  7. 1 2 Kwee, Tek Hoay (1936–1937). Atsal Moelanja Timboel Pergerakan Tionghoa di Indonesia [The Origins of the Modern Chinese Movement in Indonesia]. Moestika Romans.
  8. ↑ "Gevonden op Delpher - De Sumatra Post". Chineesch hoofd overleden [The Head of the Chinese died]. J. Hallermann. January 13, 1908. Retrieved 4 February 2017.
  9. ↑ "Toko Kompak: The Forgotten Chinese Heritage". Jakarta by Train. 25 April 2014. Retrieved 4 February 2017.
Government offices
Preceded by
Majoor Lie Tjoe Hong		 Majoor der Chinezen of Batavia
1896–1907 		Succeeded by
Majoor Khouw Kim An
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