Timeline of Essen
The following is a timeline of the history of the city of Essen, Germany.
Prior to 19th century
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- 845 - Essen Abbey founded (approximate date).
- 971 - Mathilde, granddaughter of Otto I becomes abbess of Essen Abbey.
- 1012 - Sophia, daughter of Otto II becomes abbottess of the Essen Stift.
- 1041 - Essen receives rights to a market.
- 1244 - The association of the ministeriales of the Essen Abbey and the citizens of the town of Essen arrange for the Essen town walls to be erected.
- 1316 - Essen Minster (church) dedicated.
- 1390 - Essener Schützenverein (militia) formed.[1]
- 1598 - Borbeck Castle rebuilt.
- 1736 - Neueste Essendische Nachrichten von Staats- und Gelehrten Sachen (Newest Essen News of State and Learned Matters) newspaper begins publication.
- 1797 - G. D. Baedeker Verlag bookseller in business.[2]
19th century
- 1802 - Area occupied by Prussian troops.
- 1803
- Essen Abbey secularized.[3]
- Franz Dinnendahl builds steam engine.
- 1810 - Krupp foundry in business.
- 1814 - Town becomes part of Prussia.[3]
- 1822 - Town becomes part of the Rhine Province.
- 1841 - Simon Hirschland Bank in business.
- 1847 - Essen-Bergeborbeck station opens.
- 1849 - Population: 8,813.[3]
- 1851 - Zollverein Coal Mine begins operating.
- 1862 - Essen Hauptbahnhof and Essen-Borbeck station open.
- 1866 - Fredebeul & Koenen booksellers in business.[2]
- 1870 - Synagogue consecrated.[4]
- 1871 - Town becomes part of the German Empire.
- 1872 - Neu-Westend developed.[5]
- 1873 - Villa Hügel (Krupp residence) built.
- 1875 - Population: 54,790.[3]
- 1880 - Historical Society for the City and Convent of Essen founded.
- 1881
- Essener Turnerbund athletic club formed.
- Beiträge zur Geschichte von Stadt und Stift Essen (journal of city history) begins publication.[6]
- 1886 - Photographische Genossenschaft von Essen (photography group) founded.[7]
- 1892 - City Theatre opens.[8][9]
- 1893
- Electric tram begins operating.
- Rhenish-Westphalian Coal Syndicate headquartered in Essen.
- 1898 - Krupp's Essener Hof (hotel) built.
- 1899 - Essen Philharmonic Orchestra founded.[10]
20th century
1900s-1940s
- 1901
- Folkwang Museum founded.
- Heinrich Koppers AG in business.
- 1905 - Population: 229,270.[3]
- 1906
- Essen Art Museum founded.
- Gartenstadt Margarethenhöhe developed.
- 1908 - Moltkeviertel development begins.
- 1913
- New Synagogue built.[4]
- Albrecht's shop in business (later Aldi chain supermarket).
- 1922 - Uhlenkrugstadion (stadium) built.
- 1923 - Rot-Weiss Essen football club active.
- 1924 - Filmstudio Glückauf (cinema) opens.
- 1925 - Essen/Mülheim Airport opens.
- 1927 - Grugapark Botanical Garden[11][12] and Folkwang School for the arts open.
- 1928 - Lichtburg Playhouse (cinema) opens.[13]
- 1929 - Werden becomes part of city.
- 1932 - Zollverein Mine Shaft 12 built.
- 1933 - Theodor Reismann-Grone becomes mayor.
- 1937 - Just Dillgardt becomes mayor.
- 1939 - Stadion an der Hafenstraße (stadium) built.
- 1942 - March: Bombing of Essen by Allied forces begins.
- 1945 - March: Bombing of Essen by Allied forces ends.
- 1946 - City becomes part of North Rhine-Westphalia.
- 1948
- Westdeutsche Allgemeine Zeitung (newspaper) begins publication.
- Labour strike.
- 1949
- Essen I, Essen II, and Essen III parliamentary districts created.
- Hans Toussaint becomes mayor.
1950s-1990s
- 1951 - Amerikahaus built.
- 1957 - Roman Catholic Diocese of Essen founded.[14]
- 1958 - Grugahalle sports arena opens.
- 1961 - Sammlung Industrieform (museum) opens.[15]
- 1965
- City hosts Bundesgartenschau (national horticulture biennial).[16]
- Little Theatre founded.
- 1968 - Essen Motor Show begins.
- 1975 - Kettwig becomes part of city.
- 1979 - Essen City Hall built.
- 1983 - Spiel, world's biggest non-electronic game trade fair begins.
- 1988 - Aalto Theatre opens.[17]
- 1989 - Annette Jäger becomes mayor.
- 1991 - Offener Kanal Essen television begins broadcasting.
- 1994 - Stratmanns Theater Europahaus opens.
- 1996 - GOP Varieté Essen theatre opens.
- 1997 - Red Dot Design Museum active.
- 1999
- ThyssenKrupp conglomerate headquartered in city.
- Wolfgang Reiniger becomes mayor.
21st century
- 2000 - SGS Essen football club formed.
- 2001 - Zollverein Coal Mine Industrial Complex becomes a UNESCO World Heritage Site.
- 2003 - University of Duisburg-Essen established.
- 2009 - Reinhard Paß elected mayor.
- 2010 - City designated a European Capital of Culture.
- 2012
- Stadion Essen (stadium) opens.
- Population: 566,862.
- 2014 - June: Storm.
See also
- History of Essen
- List of mayors of Essen
- History of the Ruhr, includes timeline
- Urbanization in the German Empire
Other cities in the state of North Rhine-Westphalia:(de)
- Timeline of Aachen
- Timeline of Bonn
- Timeline of Cologne
- Timeline of Dortmund
- Timeline of Duisburg
- Timeline of Düsseldorf
- Timeline of Münster
References
- ↑ Hermann Tallau (2008). "Alteste (100) Schützenvereinigungen 799-1392". Ein Kaleidoskop zum Schützenwesen (in German). Duderstadt: Mecke Druck und Verlag. ISBN 978-3-936617-85-6.
- 1 2 Allgemeines Adreßbuch für den deutschen Buchhandel ... 1870 (in German). Leipzig: O.A. Schulz. 1870.
- 1 2 3 4 5 "Essen", Encyclopædia Britannica (11th ed.), New York: Encyclopædia Britannica Co., 1910, OCLC 14782424
- 1 2 Shmuel Spector, ed. (2001). "Essen". Encyclopedia of Jewish Life Before and During the Holocaust. USA: NYU Press. p. 370. ISBN 978-0-8147-9376-3.
- ↑ Samuel M. Lindsay (1892). "Social Work at the Krupp Foundries, Essen, A. R., Germany". Annals of the American Academy of Political and Social Science. 3. JSTOR 1008598.
- ↑ Historischer Verein für Stadt und Stift Essen, Beiträge zur Geschichte von Stadt und Stift Essen (in German), ISSN 0341-9088
- ↑ Königliche Museen zu Berlin (1904). Kunsthandbuch für Deutschland (in German) (6th ed.). Georg Reimer.
- ↑ Neuer Theater Almanach (in German). Berlin: Gunther & Sohn. 1909.
- ↑ Almanach 1919 der vereinigten Stadttheater Essens (in German), Essen: Fredebeul & Koenen, 1919
- ↑ Colin Lawson, ed. (2003). "Orchestras Founded in the 19th Century (chronological list)". Cambridge Companion to the Orchestra. Cambridge University Press. ISBN 978-0-521-00132-8.
- ↑ "History". Grugapark Essen. Retrieved 1 December 2013.
- ↑ "Garden Search: Germany". London: Botanic Gardens Conservation International. Retrieved 30 September 2015.
- ↑ "Movie Theaters in Essen, Germany". CinemaTreasures.org. Los Angeles: Cinema Treasures LLC. Retrieved 1 December 2013.
- ↑ "Chronology of Catholic Dioceses: Germany". Norway: Oslo katolske bispedømme (Oslo Catholic Diocese). Retrieved 30 September 2015.
- ↑ Paul Betts (2004). The Authority of Everyday Objects: A Cultural History of West German Industrial Design. University of California Press. ISBN 978-0-520-94135-9.
- ↑ "Bisherige Gartenschauen" [Previous Garden Shows] (in German). Bonn: Deutsche Bundesgartenschau-Gesellschaft. Retrieved 2 December 2013.
- ↑ Don Rubin, ed. (2001). World Encyclopedia of Contemporary Theatre. 1: Europe. Routledge. ISBN 9780415251570.
This article incorporates information from the German Wikipedia.
Bibliography
in English
- "Essen". Handbook for North Germany. London: J. Murray. 1877.
- "Essen", Bradshaw's Illustrated Hand-book to Germany and Austria, London: W.J. Adams & Sons, 1896
- "Essen", Northern Germany (15th ed.), Leipzig: Karl Baedeker, 1910, OCLC 78390379
- Eric D. Weitz (1985). "Social Continuity and Political Radicalization: Essen in the World War I Era". Social Science History. 9. JSTOR 1170918.
- John M. Jeep, ed. (2001). "Essen". Medieval Germany: an Encyclopedia. Garland Publishing. ISBN 0-8240-7644-3.
- K. James-Chakraborty (2008). "Inventing Industrial Culture in Essen". In Gavriel David Rosenfeld; Paul B. Jaskot. Beyond Berlin: Twelve German Cities Confront the Nazi Past. USA: University of Michigan Press. p. 116+. ISBN 978-0-472-11611-9 – via HathiTrust. (fulltext)
in German
- F. Ph. Funcke (1848), Geschichte des Fürstenthums und der Stadt Essen [History of the principality and the city of Essen] (in German), H. Kamp, OCLC 38688441
- Paul Clemen, ed. (1893). Kunstdenkmäler der Stadt und des Kreises Essen. Die Kunstdenkmäler der Rheinprovinz (in German). 2. Dusseldorf: Schwann.
- T. Kellen (1902). Industriestadt Essen in Wort und Bild (in German). Essen-Ruhr: Fredebeul & Koenen.
- P. Krauss; E. Uetrecht, eds. (1913). "Essen". Meyers Deutscher Städteatlas [Meyer's Atlas of German Cities] (in German). Leipzig: Bibliographisches Institut.
- Institut für vergleichende Städtegeschichte, eds. (1989), Essen, Deutscher Städteatlas (in German), 4, ISBN 3891150008
External links
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Coordinates: 51°27′03″N 7°00′47″E / 51.450833°N 7.013056°E
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