Timeline of Addis Ababa

The following is a timeline of the history of the city of Addis Ababa, Oromia Region, Ethiopia.

Prior to 20th century

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History of Ethiopia
Early history Prehistory   Antiquity to 1st century BC Aksum to 10th century AD
Middle Ages Prehistory   Antiquity to 1st century BC Aksum to 10th century AD Zagwe dynasty to 1268 Early Solomonic period 1270–1529
Early modern history Ethiopian–Adal War 1527–1543 Oromo migrations 1543 – 17th century Habesh Eyalet 1557 – 17th century Early Gondar period 1632–1769 Aussa Sultanate 1734–1974 Zemene Mesafint 1769–1855
Modern history Unification 1855–1913 First Italo–Ethiopian War 1895–1896 Pre-Italian Modernization 1913–1936 Second Italo–Ethiopian War 1935–1936 Italian East Africa 1936–1941 East African Campaign 1941 Italian guerrilla war 1941–1943 Post-Italian Modernization 1941–1974 Federation with Eritrea 1952–1962 Eritrean Independence 1961–1991 Ethiopian Civil War 1974–1991
Recent history Ethiopian general election 2005 Ogaden conflict 2007–2008 War in Somalia 2006–2009
Topics Military Aristocracy Currency (Aksumite) Emperor
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• 1886 - Addis Ababa ("New Flower") founded by Taytu Betul, Empress Consort of the Ethiopian Empire.^[1]
• 1889 - Population: 15,000 (estimate).^[2]
• 1891 - Ethiopian capital relocated to Addis Ababa from Entoto (approximate date).^[3][4]
• 1896 - St. George's Cathedral built.
• 1897
  • Harar-Addis telephone line constructed.^[3]
  • Hospital opens.^[5]

20th century

• 1903 - Eucalyptus trees planted.^[1]
• 1904
  • Mint established.^[3]
  • Asmara-Addis telephone line constructed.^[3]
• 1906 - Telegraph office^[3] and Menelik II school established.^[6]
• 1907
  • Ras Makonnen bridge constructed.^[3]
  • Itegue Taitu Hotel in business.^[7]
• 1908 - Tefere Makonnen high school established.^[8]
• 1913 - Courrier d'Ethiopie newspaper begins publication.
• 1917 - Djibouti-Addis Ababa railway begins operating.^[9]
• 1922
  • Nasibu Emmanual becomes mayor.
  • Leprosy hospital built.
• 1924 - Medhane Alem school established.^[6]
• 1928 - Empress Menen school established.^[6]

1930s-1940s

• 1930
  • 2 November: Haile Sellasie crowned "King of Kings of Ethiopia."
  • Guenete Leul Palace built.
  • Population: 80,000 (estimate).^[2]
• 1935 - Hager Fikir Association formed.
• 1936
  • April: Aerial bombing by Italian forces.^[10]
  • 5 May: City taken by Italian forces.^[4]
  • City becomes capital of Italian East Africa.^[4]
  • Giuseppe Bottai becomes governor, succeeded by Alfredo Siniscalchi.
• 1937
  • 19 February - Attempted assassination of Rodolfo Graziani at Viceregal Palace.^[11][12]
  • 19–20 February: Crackdown by Italian forces on Ethiopian population.^[11][13]
• 1938 - Francesco Camero Medici becomes governor.
• 1939 - Enrico Cerulli becomes governor, succeeded by Guglielmo Nasi.
• 1940
  • Giuseppe Daodice becomes governor.
  • Hailé Sélassié Stadium opens.
• 1941
  • Agenore Frangipani becomes governor.
  • 5 May: Haile Selassie returns.
  • Addis Zemen Amharic-language newspaper begins publication.^[14]
• 1942 - Holy Trinity Cathedral built.
• 1943 - Haile Selassie I school established.^[6]
• 1944 - Public library inaugurated.^[8][15]
• 1945 - Anbessa City Bus Service founded.
• 1947 - Addis Ababa Chamber of Commerce founded.^[16]

1950s-1960s

• 1950 - University College of Addis Ababa established.^[8]
• 1952 - Prince Makonnen school established.^[6]
• 1955 - Jubilee Palace^[5] and Haile Sellasie I Theatre built.^[1]
• 1958
  • Institute of Archaeology founded.
  • Economic Commission for Africa headquartered in city.^[17]
• 1960
  • December: Coup attempt.^[18]
  • Koka Dam constructed.
• 1961
  • Bole Airport established.
  • United Nations Economic Commission for Africa headquartered in Addis Ababa.
• 1963
  • Organization of African Unity headquartered in Addis Ababa.^[19]
  • Orchestra Ethiopia, Addis Ababa Bank, and Addis Ababa University's Institute of Ethiopian Studies^[5] established.
• 1965
  • Council of the Oriental Orthodox Churches held.^[19]
  • Population: 560,000.^[20]
• 1966
  • Centre International de Developpement et de Recherche^[21] and Ethiopian Wildlife and Natural History Society^[18] headquartered in Addis Ababa.
  • University Students' Union of Addis Ababa established.

1970s-1980s

• 1974
  • February: Demonstrations.^[11]
  • Addis Ababa Fistula Hospital in operation.
• 1975
  • Population: 1,161,267.^[22]
  • Kebeles established.
• 1977
  • February: Coup at Menelik Palace.^[18]
  • Alemu Abebe becomes mayor.
• 1984
  • Addis Ababa Museum established.^[8]
  • Population: 1,412,575.^[23]
• 1987 - City becomes capital of People's Democratic Republic of Ethiopia.

1990s

• 1991
  • City taken by Ethiopian People's Revolutionary Democratic Front.^[4]
  • Ethiopian Economic Association headquartered in Addis Ababa.^[24]
• 1992 - Ethiopian International Institute for Peace and Development headquartered in Addis Ababa.^[21]
• 1994
  • Theological College of the Holy Trinity re-opens.^[25]
  • Population: 2,112,737.^[19]
• 1995
  • Addis Ababa "given the status of self-governed city."^[26]
  • The Reporter newspaper begins publication.^[27]
• 1996
  • Addis Chamber International Trade Fair begins (approximate date).^[28]
  • Goshu Art Gallery and Asni Gallery founded.^[8]
• 1998 - Addis Ababa Ring Road construction begins.
• 1999
  • Mojo-Addis Ababa highway constructed.^[29]
  • Ethiopian National Archives and Library established.^[15]
• 2000
  • City administrative areas reorganized into 10 sub-cities: Arada, Addis Ketema, Akaki Kalati, Bole, Cherkos, Gulele, Kolfe Keranio, Lideta, Nefas Silk, and Yeka.^[30]
  • Oromia Region capital relocated from Addis to Adama.
  • Addis Ababa Women Entrepreneurs Association^[31] and Universal Arts and Crafts gallery^[8] established.
  • November: Burial of Haile Selassie.^[4]

21st century

2000s

• 2001 - City plan adopted.^[26]
• 2002
  • African Union headquartered in Addis Ababa.^[19]
  • AIDS Resource Center launched.^[32]
  • Population: 2,646,000.^[33]
  • Bole Airport new terminal opens.^[18]
• 2003 - Arkebe Oqubay becomes mayor.
• 2004 - Ethiopian Orthodox Library-Museum inaugurated.^[8]
• 2005 - Election protest.^[34]
• 2006
  • 12 May: Bombings.^[35]
  • Federation of African Societies of Chemistry headquartered in Addis Ababa.^[36]
• 2007
  • Addis International Film Festival begins.^[37]
  • Dembel Mall built.
• 2008
  • Addis Ababa Women’s Affairs Bureau established.^[38]
  • Kuma Demeksa becomes mayor.
  • April–May: African Championships in Athletics held.
• 2009 - Cinema Yoftahe opens.^[39]

2010s

• 2011 - Jazzamba Lounge (nightclub) in business.^[40]
• 2012
  • Muslim protest.^[41]
  • African Union Conference Center inaugurated.^[42]
• 2013 - 2 June: Anti-government protest.^[43]
• 2017
  • Addis Ababa–Djibouti Railway in operation.
  • The Koshe landfill collapses, burying stick and brick houses, killing many people.

See also

• History of Addis Ababa
• Timeline of Ethiopia

References

This article incorporates information from the German Wikipedia and the Italian Wikipedia.

Bibliography

Published in 19th-20th century

• "Capital of Abyssinia". Scottish Geographical Magazine. 1895. 
• P.H.G. Powell-Cotton (1902). "(Adis Ababa)". A Sporting Trip through Abyssinia. London: Rowland Ward. 
• "Addis Ababa is New Town of Ethiopia". New York Times. May 3, 1936.  Missing or empty |url= (help)
• Richard Pankhurst (1961). "Menelik and the Foundation of Addis Ababa". Journal of African History. 2. JSTOR 179586. 
• W. T. S. Gould (1973). "Provision of Secondary Schools in African Cities: A Study of Addis Ababa". Town Planning Review. 44. JSTOR 40102950. 
• J. John Palen (1974). "Housing in a Developing Nation: The Case of Addis Ababa". Land Economics. 50. JSTOR 3145012. 
• Ahmend Zekaria; et al., eds. (1987). Proceedings of the International Symposium on the Centenary of Addis Ababa 1986. 
• Alain Gascon (1995). "La naissance du paysage urbain à Addis Abäba (Birth of the Urban Landscape in Addis Ababa)". In Alessandro Triulzi. Fotografia e storia dell'Africa (in French). Università degli Studi di Napoli "L'Orientale". OCLC 34610996. CS1 maint: Multiple names: authors list (link)
• Peter P. Garretson (2000). A History of Addis Abäba from Its Foundation in 1886 to 1910. Otto Harrassowitz Verlag. ISBN 978-3-447-04060-0. 

Published in 21st century

• City Government, City Development Plan 2001-2010, Addis Ababa 
• Paul Tiyambe Zeleza; Dickson Eyoh, eds. (2003). "Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.". Encyclopedia of Twentieth-Century African History. Routledge. ISBN 0415234794. 
• Kwame Anthony Appiah; Henry Louis Gates, eds. (2005). "Addis Ababa". Africana: The Encyclopedia of the African and African American Experience (2nd ed.). Oxford University Press. p. 33. ISBN 978-0-19-517055-9. 
• M. Rutten and T. Degefa (2005). "Addis Ababa". In K. Shillington. Encyclopedia of African History. Taylor & Francis. ISBN 978-1-57958-245-6. 
• Bahru Zewde (2005). "The City Centre: a Shifting Concept in the History of Addis Ababa". Urban Africa: Changing Contours of Survival in the City. London: Zed Books. ISBN 1842775936. 
• Annabel Erulkar; et al. (2006). "Migration and Vulnerability among Adolescents in Slum Areas of Addis Ababa, Ethiopia". Journal of Youth Studies. 9. 
• Ethiopia: Addis Ababa Urban Profile. United Nations Human Settlements Programme. 2008. 

External links

Media related to History of Addis Ababa at Wikimedia Commons

• "(Addis Ababa)" – via Qatar National Library, Qatar Digital Library.  (Images, etc.)
• "(Addis Ababa)" – via Europeana.  (Images, etc.)
• "(Addis Ababa)" – via Digital Public Library of America.  (Images, etc.)
• "(Addis Ababa)". Internet Library Sub-Saharan Africa. Germany: Frankfurt University Library.  (Bibliography)
• "(Addis Ababa)". Connecting-Africa. Leiden, Netherlands: African Studies Centre.  (Bibliography)
• "(Addis Ababa)". AfricaBib.org.  (Bibliography)
• "Addis Ababa". BlackPast.org. USA. 
• "Addis Ababa". ArchNet. Archived from the original on 14 February 2006.