Murutic languages
| Murutic | |
|---|---|
| Geographic distribution | Sabah, Borneo |
| Linguistic classification | |
| Subdivisions |
|
| Glottolog | grea1294[1] |
The Murutic languages are a family of half a dozen closely related Austronesian languages, spoken in the northern inland regions of Borneo by the Murut and Tidung.
The languages are (Lobel 2013):[1]
- Murut proper
- Murut dialects
Keningau Murut, Beaufort Murut (Binta’), Tabalunan/Serudung Murut, Selungai Murut, Sembakung Murut, Okolod, Bookan, Tanggala Murut, Paluan, Agabag/Tinggalan Murut.
- Tidung language
Burusu, Kalabakan, Nonukan Tidong, Sesayap Tidong
Tagol Murut is commonly used and understood by a large majority of the Murut peoples.
Lobel (2013:360) also lists the languages Abai Sembuak, Abai Tubu, and Bulusu (all spoken near Malinau town in Kalimantan Timur) as Murutic languages. On the other hand, Abai Sungai, spoken in eastern Sabah, is a Paitanic language.
Innovations
Lobel (2013:367) lists the following Murutic phonological innovations. (Note: PSWSAB stands for Proto-Southwest Sabahan, while PMP stands for Proto-Malayo-Polynesian.)
- PMP/PSWSAB *R > *h / __ V (except after *ə, where it had already shifted to *g in PSWSAB). Subsequently, Proto-Greater Murutic *h > Ø occurred in all daughter languages except Papar.
- PMP/PSWSAB *R > *g / __ #
- PMP/PSWSAB *aw > *ow; *ay > *oy
- PMP/PSWSAB *iw > *uy
- PGMUR *g- > Ø after the adjectival prefix *ma-
- PMP/PSWSAB *ə > *a in non-final syllables, except in the environment *_Cə, where it is reflected as /o/
References
- 1 2 Hammarström, Harald; Forkel, Robert; Haspelmath, Martin; Bank, Sebastian, eds. (2016). "Greater Murutic". Glottolog 2.7. Jena: Max Planck Institute for the Science of Human History.
- Lobel, Jason William. 2013. Philippine and North Bornean languages: issues in description, subgrouping, and reconstruction. Ph.D. dissertation. Manoa: University of Hawai'i at Manoa.