Thomas Jackson (architect)

Thomas Jackson
St Malachy's Church, Belfast
Born	1807 Waterford, Ireland
Died	1890
Nationality	Irish
Occupation	Architect

Practice	Thomas Jackson & Sons
Buildings	Belfast Hospital for Sick Children

Thomas Jackson (1807–1890) was one of the important 19th century architects who contributed to the iconic baroque look of Belfast city. He was described as being the foremost Belfast architect of his day.^[1]

Early life

Thomas was born in the city of Waterford, Ireland in 1807. His parents were Anthony Jackson and Elizabeth Pim,^[2] both practicing Quakers. In fact, Thomas's great-great-great Grandfather was in attendance during the very first Irish Quaker meeting of 1654.^[3] Thomas would later contribute to the local Quaker movement by designing many of the Friends meeting houses in Northern Ireland.^[4]

He married Lydia Newsom Ridgeway, another member of the Waterford Quaker community, on New Year's Day 1835. Together they produced two children; Anthony Thomas Jackson and William Ridgeway Jackson.^[5]^[6]

Career

Thomas served his early apprenticeship with George Dymond of Bristol. In 1829 he moved to Ulster to work in partnership with Thomas Duff of Newry. He was in charge of Duff's newly established Belfast branch office. He kept this role until 1835 before striking out on his own.^[7] Thomas's most recognised work from this period was the Old Museum building for the Belfast Natural History and Philosophical Socitety, of which he was an Honorary member.^[2]

Around 1867 Thomas's sons joined him, operating under the name Thomas Jackson & Sons. Anthony left to pursue his own interests circa 1870. William stayed on for roughly another ten years before emigrating to Australia. Thomas produced very little architectural work in the years following Williams departure.^[4]^[8]

He was fundamentally a residential architect, but over the course of his career he turned his hand to commercial, educational, industrial and ecclesiastical buildings. An example of his domestic work would be the ambitious Cliftonville development. He was the principal architect of Ulster Bank and of the Banbridge, Lisburn & Belfast Junction Railway.^[4]

Notable works

Thomas was personally credited with 114 designs in total. The following are good examples of work by Thomas and his sons;

Arnotts Warehouse, Belfast^[9]
Belfast Hospital for Sick Children
Clifton Villas, Belfast^[10]
Craigavon House
Glenmachon House, Belfast
Graymount House, Belfast
Natural History Museum, Belfast
St. George’s Building, Belfast^[11]
St. Malachy's Church, Belfast

Gallery

Scottish Amicable building, Belfast
Detailing from the Corn Exchange, Belfast
Former Frederick Street Quaker Meeting House, Belfast
Belfast Hospital for Sick Children
Detailing from Belfast Hospital for Sick Children
St Malachy's Church, Belfast
Old Museum, Belfast
Detailing from Old Museum, Belfast

Portfolio

NB: Some omissions due to lack of descriptive information.

Extensive list of designs attributed to Thomas Jackson -
CO. ANTRIM, ANTRIM, MARKET SQUARE, ULSTER BANK - 1886 CO. ANTRIM, BALLYMENA, BRIDGE STREET, LINEN WEAVING FACTORY (BRAID WATER FLAX SPINNING CO.) - Circa 1866 CO. ANTRIM, BALLYMENA, DIOCESAN SCHOOLS - 1863 CO. ANTRIM, BALLYMENA, FLAX MILL (BRAID WATER FLAX SPINNING CO.) - 1866 CO. ANTRIM, BALLYMENA, GALGORM ROAD, MOUNT PLEASANT (KNOCKANURE) - 1856 CO. ANTRIM, BALLYMENA, GEORGE STREET, ULSTER BANK CO. ANTRIM, BALLYMENA, HIGH STREET, UNITARIAN MEETING HOUSE - 1845 CO. ANTRIM, BALLYMENA, HOUSE CO. ANTRIM, BALLYMENA, MOUNT PLEASANT, KNOCKABURE - Circa 1856 CO. ANTRIM, BALLYMONEY, ULSTER BANK - Circa 1861 CO. ANTRIM, BELFAST (NEAR), TURKISH BATHS (002) - 1859 CO. ANTRIM, BELFAST, ACADEMY STREET, ACADEMY (PROPOSED) - 1841 CO. ANTRIM, BELFAST, ALFRED STREET, FLAX FACTORY & WAREHOUSE (LEADBETTER'S) - 1852 CO. ANTRIM, BELFAST, ALFRED STREET, ST MALACHY'S CHURCH (RC) - 1840 CO. ANTRIM, BELFAST, ASHLEY PL CO. ANTRIM, BELFAST, BALLYMACARRETT, SCHOOL - 1866 CO. ANTRIM, BELFAST, BALLYMISCAW ROAD, TWESKARD CO. ANTRIM, BELFAST, BRIDGE STREET, NO. 012-16 (ARNOTT) - 1866 CO. ANTRIM, BELFAST, BRIDGE STREET, PREMISES - 1858 CO. ANTRIM, BELFAST, CASTLE PLACE, NO. 020-22 (CANTRELL) - 1866 CO. ANTRIM, BELFAST, CLIFTONVILLE, CLIFTONVILLE COTTAGE - Circa 1835 CO. ANTRIM, BELFAST, CLIFTONVILLE - Circa 1830 CO. ANTRIM, BELFAST, CLIFTONVILLE ROAD, NO. 026-30 (HOME FOR THE BLIND) - Circa 1831 CO. ANTRIM, BELFAST, CLONARD GARDENS, CLONARD HOUSE - 1843 CO. ANTRIM, BELFAST, COLLEGE SQUARE EAST, ACADEMICAL INSTITUTION - 1874 CO. ANTRIM, BELFAST, COLLEGE SQUARE NORTH, MUSEUM (OLD) - Circa 1830 CO. ANTRIM, BELFAST, COLLEGE STREET, REFORMED PRESBYTERIAN CHURCH (OLD) - 1843 CO. ANTRIM, BELFAST, CORPORATION STREET (& GREEN STREET), WAREHOUSE (PATTERSON) - Circa 1867 CO. ANTRIM, BELFAST, CORPORATION STREET, WAREHOUSE - Circa 1853 CO. ANTRIM, BELFAST, CUPAR STREET, FLAX SPINNING MILL (J. & T.M. GREEVES) CO. ANTRIM, BELFAST, DERRYVOLGIE AVENUE, NO. 008 CO. ANTRIM, BELFAST, DERRYVOLGIE AVENUE, NO. 008 (TIGHNABRUAICH) - 1880 CO. ANTRIM, BELFAST, DONEGALL PLACE, NO. 001-5 (ANDERSON & MCAULEY) CO. ANTRIM, BELFAST, DONEGALL PLACE, NO. 27 (ROYAL HOTEL) - Circa 1849 CO. ANTRIM, BELFAST, FALLS ROAD, GUNNING & CAMPBELL MILLS CO. ANTRIM, BELFAST, FALLS ROAD, NORTHERN SPINNING CO. - 1867 CO. ANTRIM, BELFAST, FORTHRIVER, FLAX SPINNING MILL (J. & T.M. GREEVES) CO. ANTRIM, BELFAST, FOUNTAIN STREET, HALL - 1889 CO. ANTRIM, BELFAST, FREDERICK STREET, QUAKER MEETING HOUSE - 1840 CO. ANTRIM, BELFAST, GLENBANK SPINNING MILLS CO. ANTRIM, BELFAST, GLENMACHAN ROAD, ALTONA - 1864 CO. ANTRIM, BELFAST, GLENMACHAN ROAD, GLENMACHAN TOWER - 1862 CO. ANTRIM, BELFAST, GLENMACHAN ROAD AREA, HOUSE (GLEN EBOR) - 1862 CO. ANTRIM, BELFAST, GRAY'S LANE, GRAYMOUNT - Circa 1835 CO. ANTRIM, BELFAST, HIGH STREET, FORSTER GREEN & CO. - Circa 1865 CO. ANTRIM, BELFAST, HOLYWOOD ROAD, RICHMOND LODGE - Circa 1845 CO. ANTRIM, BELFAST, LISBURN ROAD, ROYAL TERRACE - 1848 CO. ANTRIM, BELFAST, MALONE ROAD, NO. 071 (BERTHA) - 1853 CO. ANTRIM, BELFAST, MAY STREET, MUSIC HALL - 1840 CO. ANTRIM, BELFAST, MOUNT CHARLES, NO. 002 & 4 - 1842 CO. ANTRIM, BELFAST, OLD HOLYWOOD ROAD, HEIDELBERG CO. ANTRIM, BELFAST, OLD HOLYWOOD ROAD, LISMACHAN CO. ANTRIM, BELFAST, QUEEN'S ELMS - 1859 CO. ANTRIM, BELFAST, ROYAL AVENUE, NO. 103-107 (EAGLE CHAMBERS) - Circa 1883 CO. ANTRIM, BELFAST, SCHOOLS - 1872 CO. ANTRIM, BELFAST, SEAVIEW CO. ANTRIM, BELFAST, SPRINGFIELD CO. ANTRIM, BELFAST, STRANDTOWN, SCHOMBERG CO. ANTRIM, BELFAST, UNIVERSITY ROAD, ELMWOOD TERRACE - 1858 CO. ANTRIM, BELFAST, UNIVERSITY SQUARE, NO. 004-30 - Circa 1848 CO. ANTRIM, BELFAST, VICTORIA STREET, NO. 001-7 (CORN EXCHANGE) - 1851 CO. ANTRIM, BELFAST, VICTORIA STREET, NO. 010-14 (SCOTTISH AMICABLE LIFE ASSURANCE CO) - 1863 CO. ANTRIM, BELFAST, WARING STREET, NO. 012 (W.H. SMITH) - 1878 CO. ANTRIM, BELFAST, WARING STREET, NO. 035-39 (ULSTER BANK) - 1859;1869;1873 CO. ANTRIM, BELFAST, WILMONT CO. ANTRIM, BELFAST, WINDSOR AVENUE, NO. 046 (CEARA) - 1854 CO. ANTRIM, BELFAST, YORK STREET, SPINNING MILLS CO. ANTRIM, CARRICKFERGUS, HOUSES (003) - Circa 1844 CO. ANTRIM, CARRICKFERGUS, TAYLOR'S AVENUE, BARN FLAX SPINNING MILLS CO. ANTRIM, GREENISLAND, SEAPARK CO. ANTRIM, LISBURN, LISNAVARVEY CO. ANTRIM, LISBURN, LISSUE CO. ANTRIM, LISBURN, RAILWAY STREET, QUAKER MEETING HOUSE - 1853 CO. ANTRIM, LONGWOOD (NEWTOWNABBEY) CO. ANTRIM, MERVILLE (CARNMONEY) CO. ANTRIM, SEA PARK (GREENISLAND) - 1853 CO. ANTRIM?, OLD FORGE CO. ARMAGH, GOSFORD CASTLE (MARKETHILL) - Circa 1852 CO. ARMAGH, LURGAN, HIGH STREET, HOUSES (2) - 1837 CO. ARMAGH, LURGAN, HOUSE CO. ARMAGH, LURGAN, SILVERWOOD - 1840 CO. ARMAGH, PORTADOWN, STRAMORE CO. CORK, CORK, HOUGHTON CO. DERRY, DERRY, WATERLOO PLACE, ULSTER BANK - 1858 CO. DERRY, MAGHERA, ULSTER BANK - 1866 CO. DOWN, BANBRIDGE, GAS WORKS - 1851 CO. DOWN, BANBRIDGE, RAILWAY STATION - 1861 CO. DOWN, CRAIGAVAD, HOUSE (AILSA LODGE?) - Circa 1875 CO. DOWN, DOWNPATRICK, INSTITUTE - 1841 CO. DOWN, DOWNPATRICK, IRISH STREET (& MARKET STREET), ULSTER BANK - 1854 CO. DOWN, DROMORE, RAILWAY STATION - 1861 CO. DOWN, HILLSBOROUGH, BARRACK STORE - 1870 CO. DOWN, HILLSBOROUGH, RAILWAY STATION - 1861 CO. DOWN, MULLAGHFERNAN, RAILWAY STATION - 1861 CO. FERMANAGH, ENNISKILLEN, DARLING STREET, ULSTER BANK - 1875 CO. FERMANAGH, LISNASKEA, ULSTER BANK - 1872 CO. LIMERICK, LIMERICK, CECIL STREET, QUAKER MEETING HOUSE - 1806 CO. MONAGHAN, CARRICKMACROSS, MAIN STREET, ULSTER BANK - 1873 CO. MONAGHAN, CARRICKMACROSS, MAIN STREET, ULSTER BANK - 1873 CO. TYRONE, BERNAGH (DUNGANNON) - Circa 1850 CO. TYRONE, CASTLEDERG, MAIN STREET, ULSTER BANK - 1866 CO. TYRONE, COOKSTOWN, WILLIAM STREET, ULSTER BANK - 1852 CO. TYRONE, OMAGH, JAMES STREET, RAILWAY STATION - 1861 CO. TYRONE, STRABANE, ABERCORN SQUARE, ULSTER BANK - 1861 CO. TYRONE, TAMNAMORE (DUNGANNON), HOUSE CO. TYRONE, TULLYLAGAN, HOUSE CO. WATERFORD, WATERFORD, MORGAN STREET & MILITARY ROAD), BACON CURING FACTORY CO. WATERFORD, WATERFORD, O'CONNELL STREET, SAVINGS BANK - Circa 1840 CO. WATERFORD, WATERFORD, ROCKVILLE

Bibliography

James Stevens Curl, 'A Dictionary of Architecture and Landscape Architecture' - ISBN 9780198606789
Hugh Dixon, 'Honouring Thomas Jackson (1807-1890)' - Britsh Natural History and Philosophical Society Journal
Paul Larmour, 'A hive of activity (Thomas Jackson 1807-1890) - QUB Perspective Journal

References

↑ Johnston, Dr Roy; Plummer, Dr Declan (2015-12-28). The Musical Life of Nineteenth-Century Belfast. Ashgate Publishing, Ltd. ISBN 9780754663256.
1 2 Trainor, Brian (1998). Researching Irish Australians: Directory of Research. Ulster Historical Foundation. ISBN 9780901905901.
↑ "Quakers in Ireland". Wikipedia. 2017-06-16.
1 2 3 "Jackson, thomas - Dictionary of Irish Architects". www.dia.ie. Retrieved 2017-07-13.
↑ Kingdom, Bob Sinton, Tandragee, Co. Armagh, Northern Ireland, United. "Sinton Family Trees - Details of Anthony Thomas Jackson, son of Thomas Jackson and Lydia Newsom Ridgway, Born 1838, Died 1917". sinton-family-trees.uk. Retrieved 2017-07-14.
↑ "Full text of "Proceedings and Report of the Belfast Natural History and Philosophical Society."". archive.org. Retrieved 2017-07-14.
↑ "Thomas Jackson - oi". doi:10.1093/oi/authority.20110803100015529.
↑ Curl, James Stevens; Wilson, Susan (2015). The Oxford Dictionary of Architecture. Oxford University Press. ISBN 9780199674985.
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