Thomas Dacre, 2nd Baron Dacre

Arms of Sir Thomas Dacre, 2nd Baron Dacre, KG

Thomas Dacre, 2nd Baron Dacre of Gilsland, KG (25 November 1467 – 24 October 1525) was the son of Humphrey Dacre, 1st Baron Dacre of Gilsland and Mabel Parr; great-aunt of queen consort Catherine Parr, the sixth and final wife of King Henry VIII of England.^[1]

Early career

He was born in Cumberland, the eldest of nine children.^[2] His father died of natural causes on 30 May 1485 and Thomas succeeded him as Baron Dacre of Gilsland.

Dacre took part in the Battle of Bosworth Field (22 August 1485) on the Yorkist side against Henry Tudor, Earl of Richmond, when Richard III of England was defeated and Richard killed. He however quickly made peace with the victor. This early support for the House of Tudor earned him some favour with Henry VII who would continue to trust his services for the remainder of his reign. Henry VII named him a Knight of the Bath in 1503. He swore loyalty to Henry's son and successor, Henry VIII of England in 1509.

Tomb of Sir Thomas Dacre, Lanercost Priory

Dacre was named a deputy to the Lord Warden of the Marches (an officer on the border with Scotland) in 1485, and then Warden of the Western marches, and finally Warden-general over all the marches in 1509. Dacre and his forces served under Thomas Howard, Earl of Surrey at the Battle of Flodden (9 September 1513) where the invading army of James IV of Scotland was crushingly defeated and its king killed. Dacre commanded the "Border Lancers" at the battle, and their charge saved Edmund Howard, commander of the English right wing. James IV himself was killed and the Kingdom of Scotland ceased its involvement in the wider War of the League of Cambrai. The victory further helped solidify the reputation of Dacre as a soldier. After the battle, Dacre discovered the body of James IV, informed the Earl of Norfolk, and took it to Berwick upon Tweed. He later wrote that the Scots, "love me worst [i.e. very much; the most] of any Inglisheman living, by reason that I fande the body of the King of Scotts."^[3]

Henry VIII named him a Knight of the Garter in 1518, alongside William Sandys, 1st Baron Sandys of the Vyne. He died on the borders on 24 October 1525, killed by a fall from his horse and was buried in his family's mausoleum at Lanercost Priory. By the time of his death Dacre held about 70,000 acres (280 km²) of land in Cumberland, 30,000 acres (120 km²) in Yorkshire and 20,000 acres (80 km²) in Northumberland. Much of these lands had been inherited through marriages to the heiresses of the Greystoke, de Multon and de Vaux families as well as grants by both Henry VII and Henry VIII.

Marriage

Circa 1488, Dacre eloped with Elizabeth Greystoke, 6th Baroness Greystoke (10 July 1471 – 14 August 1516), daughter of Sir Robert de Greystoke by Lady Elizabeth Grey, daughter of Edmund Grey, 1st Earl of Kent and Lady Katherine Percy. Dacre took her at night from Brougham Castle in Westmoreland where, as a ward of the King, she was in the custody of Henry Clifford, 10th Baron de Clifford.^[4]

Elizabeth Dacre was the eldest granddaughter and heiress of Ralph de Greystoke, 5th Baron Greystoke. She had only recently succeeded her grandfather in the barony, but their marriage made Dacre the jure uxoris Baron Greystoke. The extensive lands held by the Greystokes passed to the Dacre family through this marriage. These included the castle and barony of Greystoke the castle and barony of Morpeth along with the lost manor of Henderskelf, which is now the site of Castle Howard.^[4]

Thomas and Elizabeth had eight children:^[5]

• Mabel Dacre (c. 1490–1533), married Henry Scrope, 7th Baron Scrope of Bolton.^[5] They were parents of John Scrope, 8th Baron Scrope of Bolton and grandparents of Henry Scrope, 9th Baron Scrope of Bolton. The 9th Baron is better known because he was governor of Carlisle in the time of Elizabeth I of England, and as such took charge of Mary, Queen of Scots, when she crossed the border in 1568. He took her to Bolton Castle, where she remained till January 1569.
• William Dacre, 3rd Baron Dacre (c. 1493 – 18 November 1563),^[5] married Lady Elizabeth Talbot, a daughter of George Talbot, 4th Earl of Shrewsbury and Lady Anne Hastings, by whom he had issue.
• Anne Dacre (c. 1500–between 16 December 1547 and 21 April 1548), married Christopher Conyers, 2nd Baron Conyers.^[5] They were the parents of John Conyers, 3rd Baron Conyers.
• Mary Dacre (c.1502 – 29 March 1538), married her sister-in-law's brother, Francis Talbot, 5th Earl of Shrewsbury, a son of the before mentioned George Talbot, 4th Earl of Shrewsbury and Lady Anne Hastings.^[5] They were parents of George Talbot, 6th Earl of Shrewsbury.
• Jane Dacre, wife of Lord Tailboys.^[5]
• Hon. Humphrey Dacre.^[5]
• Philippa Dacre.^[5]
• Jane Dacre, second of the name.^[5]

Legacy

His illegitimate son Thomas Dacre, nicknamed "the Bastard", successfully led a few hundred English bordermen against part of the invading force of James V of Scotland on 12 November 1542. His success paved the way for the Scottish defeat at Battle of Solway Moss (24 November 1542). This Thomas was rewarded with land grants and from him starts a secondary line of "Dacres of Lanercost".

Ancestry

See also

• Naworth Castle, ancestral home of the Dacre family

References