Thirty-Six Immortals of Poetry

Ki no Tomonori by Kanō Tan'yū, 1648

Lady Ise, painting by Kanō Tan'yū, 1648.

Kiyohara no Motosuke, from the Ogura Hyakunin Isshu.

Fujiwara no Kiyotada by Kanō Naonobu, 1648

The Thirty-Six Immortals of Poetry (三十六歌仙, Sanjūrokkasen) are a group of Japanese poets of the Asuka, Nara, and Heian periods selected by Fujiwara no Kintō as exemplars of Japanese poetic ability. The eldest surviving collection of the 36 poets' works is Nishi Honganji Sanjū-rokunin Kashu ("Nishi Honganji 36 poets collection") of 1113. There are five female poets among them. Similar groups of Japanese poets include the Kamakura period Nyōbō Sanjūrokkasen (女房三十六歌仙), composed by court ladies exclusively, and the Chūko Sanjūrokkasen (中古三十六歌仙), or Thirty-Six Heian-era Immortals of Poetry, selected by Fujiwara no Norikane 藤原範兼 (1107–1165). This list superseded an older group called the Six Immortals of Poetry.

Sets of portraits (essentially imaginary) of the group were popular in Japanese painting and later woodblock prints, and often hung in temples.

Kintō's Thirty-Six Immortals of Poetry

Thirty-Six Female Immortals of Poetry

Nyōbō Sanjūrokkasen (女房三十六歌仙), composed in the Kamakura period, refers to thirty-six female immortals of poetry:^[1]

New Thirty-Six Immortals of Poetry

There are at least two groups of Japanese poets called New Thirty-Six Immortals of Poetry (新三十六歌仙, Shinsanjūrokkasen):

One selected by Fujiwara no Mototoshi (Heian period)
One including poets mainly of the Kamakura period; who selected this is unknown.

The term usually refers to the second:^[2]

Emperor Go-Toba
Emperor Tsuchimikado
Emperor Juntoku
Emperor Go-Saga
Prince Masanari of Rokujō-no-Miya
Prince Munetaka of Kamakura-no-Miya
Prince Dōjonyūdō
Prince Shikishi
Kujō Yoshitsune
Kujō Michiie
Saionji Kintsune
Koga Michiteru
Saionji Saneuji
Minamoto no Sanetomo
Kujō Motoie
Fujiwara no Ieyoshi
Jien
Gyōi
Minamoto no Michitomo (Horikawa Michitomo)
Fujiwara no Sadaie
Hachijō-in Takakura
Shunzei's Daughter
Go-Toba-in Kunaikyō
Sōheki Mon'in no Shōshō
Fujiwara no Tameie
Asukai Masatsune
Fujiwara no Ietaka
Fujiwara no Tomoie
Fujiwara no Ariie
Hamuro Mitsutoshi
Fujiwara no Nobuzane
Minamoto no Tomochika
Fujiwara no Takasuke
Minamoto no Ienaga
Kamo no Chōmei
Fujiwara no Hideyoshi

Late Classical Thirty-Six Immortals of Poetry

ja:中古三十六歌仙

References

External links

Wikimedia Commons has media related to Thirty-Six Immortals of Poetry.

Japanese poetry
Major forms	haikai kanshi waka haiku hokku renga renku senryū tanka
Poetry works and collections	List of Japanese poetry anthologies Kaifūsō Man'yōshū Nijūichidaishū Kai Ōi
Individuals and groups of Japanese poets	Japanese poets (category list) Thirty-Six Immortals of Poetry Rokkasen
Individual poems	Articles with poems

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