List of southernmost items
The most southerly geographical features of various types are listed here.
Cities and settlements
Item |
Place |
Latitude/longitude |
Capital (of an independent nation) |
Wellington, New Zealand |
41°17′20″S 174°46′38″E / 41.28889°S 174.77722°E / -41.28889; 174.77722 (Wellington, New Zealand) |
Permanent settlement of any size | Amundsen–Scott South Pole Station, Antarctica |
90°S 0°E / 90°S 0°E / -90; 0 (Amundsen-Scott South Pole Station, Antarctica) |
Settlement capable of housing more than 1,000 people[1] |
McMurdo Station, Antarctica |
77°51′S 166°40′E / 77.850°S 166.667°E / -77.850; 166.667 (McMurdo Station, Antarctica) |
Town > 1,000 people |
Puerto Williams, Chile |
54°56′S 67°37′W / 54.933°S 67.617°W / -54.933; -67.617 (Puerto Williams, Chile) |
City > 50,000 people |
Ushuaia, Argentina |
54°48′S 68°18′W / 54.800°S 68.300°W / -54.800; -68.300 (Ushuaia, Argentina) |
City > 100,000 people |
Punta Arenas, Chile |
53°10′S 70°56′W / 53.167°S 70.933°W / -53.167; -70.933 (Punta Arenas, Chile) |
City > 250,000 people |
Christchurch, New Zealand |
43°32′S 172°37′E / 43.533°S 172.617°E / -43.533; 172.617 (Christchurch, New Zealand) |
City > 500,000 people |
Mar del Plata, Argentina |
38°00′S 57°33′W / 38.000°S 57.550°W / -38.000; -57.550 (Mar del Plata, Argentina) |
City > 1,000,000 people |
Melbourne, Australia |
37°48′49″S 144°57′47″E / 37.81361°S 144.96306°E / -37.81361; 144.96306 (Melbourne, Australia) |
City > 10,000,000 people |
Buenos Aires, Argentina |
34°35′59″S 58°22′55″W / 34.59972°S 58.38194°W / -34.59972; -58.38194 (Buenos Aires, Argentina) |
Geography
Islands
Berkner Island is further South than any of these, but doesn't reach sea level and is fully ice covered and may be considered an under-sea mountain.
Nature
Animals
Plants
Education
Item |
Place |
Latitude/longitude |
International Baccalaureate school |
John McGlashan College, Dunedin, New Zealand [6] |
45°51′17″S 170°29′55″E / 45.85472°S 170.49861°E / -45.85472; 170.49861 (John McGlashan College in Dunedin) |
University |
National University of Tierra del Fuego, Ushuaia, Argentina[7] |
54°48′57″S 68°19′04″W / 54.81583°S 68.31778°W / -54.81583; -68.31778 (Ushuaia, Argentina) |
Kindergarten |
Puerto Williams,[8] Chile |
54°55′59″S 67°37′00″W / 54.93306°S 67.61667°W / -54.93306; -67.61667 (Kindergarten in Puerto Williams) |
Secondary school |
Puerto Williams, Chile[9] |
54°55′59″S 67°37′00″W / 54.93306°S 67.61667°W / -54.93306; -67.61667 (Puerto Williams, Chile) |
Primary school |
Escuela Nº 38 “Presidente Raúl Ricardo Alfonsín”, Esperanza Base, Antarctica[10] |
63°24′S 57°00′W / 63.400°S 57.000°W / -63.400; -57.000 (Esperanza Base, Antarctica) |
Science and technology
Item |
Place |
Latitude/longitude |
Astronomical observatory |
South Pole Telescope, Antarctica |
90°S 0°E / 90°S 0°E / -90; 0 (South Pole Telescope, Antarctica) |
Permanent scientific research station |
Amundsen–Scott South Pole Station, Antarctica |
90°S 0°E / 90°S 0°E / -90; 0 (Amundsen–Scott South Pole Station, Antarctica) |
Planetarium |
Otago Museum, Dunedin, New Zealand[11] |
45°51′56″S 170°30′38″E / 45.865678°S 170.510471°E / -45.865678; 170.510471 (Otago Museum) |
Nuclear power plant |
Atucha I, Argentina[12] |
33°58′S 59°12′W / 33.967°S 59.200°W / -33.967; -59.200 (Atucha I Nuclear Power Plant, Argentina) |
Atucha II, Argentina |
33°58′S 59°12′W / 33.967°S 59.200°W / -33.967; -59.200 (Atucha I Nuclear Power Plant, Argentina) |
Historical sites and archaeological findings
Transportation
Item |
Place |
Latitude/longitude |
Airfield (permanent, no scheduled flights) |
Jack F. Paulus Skiway at Amundsen-Scott South Pole Station, Antarctica |
89°59′22″S 1°0′0″W / 89.98944°S 1.00000°W / -89.98944; -1.00000 (Jack F. Paulus Skiway, Antarctica) |
Seaport/Harbour |
Winter Quarters Bay, McMurdo Station, Antarctica[14] |
77°51′S 166°40′E / 77.850°S 166.667°E / -77.850; 166.667 (McMurdo Station, Antarctica) |
Airport (permanent, with scheduled flights) |
Guardiamarina Zañartu Airport, Puerto Williams, Chile |
54°56′S 67°37′W / 54.933°S 67.617°W / -54.933; -67.617 (Guardiamarina Zañartu Airport) |
International airport |
Ushuaia – Malvinas Argentinas International Airport, Ushuaia, Argentina |
54°50′S 068°17′W / 54.833°S 68.283°W / -54.833; -68.283 (Ushuaia – Malvinas Argentinas International Airport) |
Railway |
Southern Fuegian Railway (Ferrocarril Austral Fueguino) from Ushuaia to the Tierra del Fuego National Park in Argentina[15] |
54°48′S 68°18′W / 54.800°S 68.300°W / -54.800; -68.300 (Ushuaia, Argentina) |
Suspension bridge |
Bodie Creek Suspension Bridge, Falkland Islands [16] |
51°51′14″S 59°01′04″E / 51.853912°S 59.017825°E / -51.853912; 59.017825 (Bodie Creek Suspension Bridge) |
Metro station |
Plaza de los Virreyes (Buenos Aires Metro), Buenos Aires, Argentina |
34°38′34.9″S 58°27′41.8″W / 34.643028°S 58.461611°W / -34.643028; -58.461611 (Plaza de los Virreyes metro station) |
Recreation
Sport
Religion
Item |
Place |
Latitude/longitude |
Church (ice-made) |
permanent Catholic Church ice-made temple, Belgrano II Base, Antarctica[20][21] |
77°52′S 34°37′W / 77.867°S 34.617°W / -77.867; -34.617 (Belgrano II Base, Antarctica) |
Church (regular) |
Trinity Church, Antarctica (Russian Orthodox Church), King George Island, Antarctica[22] |
62°12′S 58°58′W / 62.200°S 58.967°W / -62.200; -58.967 (King George Island, Antarctica) |
Mormon church |
Puerto Williams, Chile[23] |
54°56′S 67°37′W / 54.933°S 67.617°W / -54.933; -67.617 (Mormon church of Puerto Williams, Chile) |
Cathedral |
El Sagrado Corazón, Roman Catholic Diocese of Punta Arenas, Punta Arenas, Chile[24] |
53°10′S 70°56′W / 53.167°S 70.933°W / -53.167; -70.933 (Punta Arenas, Chile) |
Hindu temple |
Centro Cultural y Templo Hindu, Punta Arenas, Chile[25] |
53°10′S 70°56′W / 53.167°S 70.933°W / -53.167; -70.933 (Punta Arenas, Chile) |
Mosque |
Southland Muslim Association, Invercargill, New Zealand[26] |
46°24′S 168°23′E / 46.400°S 168.383°E / -46.400; 168.383 (Invercargill, New Zealand) |
Synagogue |
Dunedin Synagogue, Dunedin, New Zealand[27][28] |
45°52′S 170°30′E / 45.867°S 170.500°E / -45.867; 170.500 (Dunedin, New Zealand) |
Buddhist stupa |
the Enlightenment Stupa at Portobello, Dunedin, New Zealand[29] |
45°51′S 170°39′E / 45.850°S 170.650°E / -45.850; 170.650 (Portobello, New Zealand) |
Sikh Gurdwara |
New Zealand Sikh Society (Wellington), Lower Hutt, New Zealand[30] |
41°12′S 174°57′E / 41.200°S 174.950°E / -41.200; 174.950 (New Zealand Sikh Society) |
Shops and service facilities
Item |
Place |
Latitude/longitude |
Tourist office |
Puerto Williams,[31] Chile |
54°55′59″S 67°37′00″W / 54.93306°S 67.61667°W / -54.93306; -67.61667 (Puerto Williams, Chile) |
Restaurant |
Lodge Lakutaia,[32]Puerto Williams, Chile |
54°56′12″S 67°36′47″W / 54.936789°S 67.613039°W / -54.936789; -67.613039 |
Cinema |
Jubany Base, Antarctic Peninsula |
62°14′S 58°40′W / 62.233°S 58.667°W / -62.233; -58.667 (Jubany) |
Public post office |
Port Lockroy, Goudier Island, Antarctica[33] |
64°49′S 63°30′W / 64.817°S 63.500°W / -64.817; -63.500 (Port Lockroy, Antarctica) |
Bar |
Faraday Bar,[34] Vernadsky Research Base, Antarctica |
65°14′45″S 64°15′27″W / 65.245747°S 64.257391°W / -65.245747; -64.257391 |
Automated teller machine |
McMurdo Station, Antarctica[35] |
77°51′S 166°40′E / 77.850°S 166.667°E / -77.850; 166.667 (McMurdo Station, Antarctica) |
International brand names
Franchised food brands
Gardens, zoos and aquaria
Other
Item |
Place |
Latitude/longitude |
UNESCO world heritage site (natural) |
Macquarie Island, Australia[41] |
54°38′S 158°52′E / 54.633°S 158.867°E / -54.633; 158.867 (Macquarie Island, Australia) |
UNESCO world heritage site (cultural) |
Cueva de las Manos, Argentina[41] |
47°9′S 70°40′W / 47.150°S 70.667°W / -47.150; -70.667 (Cueva de las Manos, Argentina) |
Opera house |
Opera House, Wellington, New Zealand |
41°17′29″S 174°46′40″E / 41.2915°S 174.7778°E / -41.2915; 174.7778 (Wellington Opera House) |
Vineyard |
Grasshopper Rock, Earnscleugh, Otago, New Zealand[42] |
45°15′11″S 169°21′36″E / 45.253130°S 169.360105°E / -45.253130; 169.360105 (Grasshopper Rock) |
Mussel farm |
Beagle Channel, Argentina[43] |
54°52′32″S 68°08′11″W / 54.87556°S 68.13639°W / -54.87556; -68.13639 |
Brewery |
Cerveza Artesenal Beagle, Ushuaia, Argentina[44] |
54°47′24″S 68°15′57″W / 54.789983°S 68.265745°W / -54.789983; -68.265745 (Cerveza Artesenal Beagle) |
Lighthouse |
Monumental Cabo de Hornos, Hornos Island, Chile[45] |
55°57′54″S 67°13′12″W / 55.96500°S 67.22000°W / -55.96500; -67.22000 |
Bell tower |
First Church of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand[46] |
45°52′34″S 170°30′17″E / 45.8760°S 170.5047°E / -45.8760; 170.5047 (First Church of Otago) |
Place of birth of a human |
(Emilio Marcos Palma (in 1978) and seven others) Esperanza Base, Antarctica[47] |
63°24′S 57°00′W / 63.400°S 57.000°W / -63.400; -57.000 (Esperanza Base, Antarctica) |
See also
References
- ↑ http://www.nsf.gov/pubs/1997/antpanel/4past.htm
- ↑ Skuas - Wildlife of Antarctica - Antarctic Connection
- ↑ UA, Tempe company bring veggies to South Pole
- ↑ "Frozen Under." National Geographic Magazine.
- ↑ Bushmansfriend: Forest walks, Nature Photography & NZ Flora - Native Plant Information - New Zealand, native trees,natives,shrubs,information
- ↑ http://www.ibo.org/en/school/001178/
- ↑ "Universidad Nacional de Tierra del Fuego »". UNTDF. Retrieved 2012-10-31.
- ↑ : : Dirección de Bienestar de la Armada de Chile : :
- ↑ http://www.municipalidadcabodehornos.cl/Paginas/liceo/t_director.htm
- ↑ Page of Escuela Nº 38, province of Tierra del Fuego, department of Antártida Argentina
- ↑ World's southernmost planetarium opens in Dunedin
- ↑ Nucleoeléctrica Argentina (in Spanish)
- ↑ http://www.megalithic.co.uk/article.php?sid=18795
- ↑ Klein, Andrew G.; Kennicutt, Mahlon C.; Wolff, Gary A.; Sweet, Steve T.; Bloxom, Tiffany; Gielstra, Dianna A.; Cleckley, Marietta (2008). "The historical development of McMurdo station, Antarctica, an environmental perspective". Polar Geography. 31 (3): 119–144. doi:10.1080/10889370802579856.
Winter Quarters Bay is the world's southernmost port.
- ↑ El Tren del Fin del Mundo: Official site
- ↑ {{cite web| url=http://text.fostlong-photography.com/Southern-most-Suspension-Bridge | title= Southern most Suspension Bridge |
- ↑ Stewart Island bowling green opened - the world's southernmost green?
- ↑ Cerro Castor: esquí en el Fin del Mundo Revista Magna.
- ↑ At the imposing Patagonian geography, the perfect combination of challenge and contemplation.
- ↑ Church in ice cave at Belgrano II station, Antarctica
- ↑ Mass at ice church in Belgrano II Base
- ↑ Cary Johnston, Sean Thomas (June 18, 2011). "Southernmost Russian Orthodox Church – comfort in the cold". RT.com. Retrieved October 10, 2010.
...This makes the Trinity Church the southernmost Russian Orthodox church on the planet.
- ↑ Find a Church
- ↑ Obispado de Punta Arenas
- ↑ Archived July 4, 2008, at the Wayback Machine.
- ↑ "Southland Muslim Association Inc, Invercargill, 9810, New Zealand - Islamic Centers, Masjids Mosques, Muslim Owned Businesses, Islamic Schools and Colleges". Islamicfinder.org. 2011-04-20. Retrieved 2013-10-19.
- ↑ NZ Jewish Archives - Temple Sinai
- ↑ Google Books: The New Zealand Jewish Community By Stephen I. Levine
- ↑ Dhargyey Buddhist Centre Home Page
- ↑
- ↑ Archived January 30, 2006, at the Wayback Machine.
- ↑ The Most Southern Restaurants in the World
- ↑ Antarctic Heritage Trust
- ↑ Having A drink At The World’s Southernmost Bar
- ↑ Wells Fargo has an ATM in Antarctica
- ↑ Southern-most Starbucks draws tourist crowds
- ↑
- ↑
- ↑
- ↑ Penguins of Magdalena Island, Punta Arenas, Chile
- 1 2 World Heritage List and List of World Heritage Sites in the Americas
- ↑ The world's southernmost vineyard
- ↑ Giarratano E, Amin OA. "Heavy metals monitoring in the southernmost mussel farm of the world (Beagle Channel, Argentina)". Ecotoxicol Environ Saf. 73: 1378–84. PMID 20638724. doi:10.1016/j.ecoenv.2010.06.023.
- ↑ 101 Beer Experiences: Explore the edges of the world
- ↑ Lighthouses of Southern Chile
- ↑ This Way Up (17 December 2016). "Ring my bells!". Radio New Zealand.
- ↑ Times On Line article on Antarctica
- Moore, D. M. (1983). Flora of Tierra del Fuego.