Salt Pit

Coordinates: 34°34′36.48″N 69°17′25.80″E / 34.5768000°N 69.2905000°E / 34.5768000; 69.2905000 The Salt Pit is the codename of an isolated clandestine CIA black site prison and interrogation center in Afghanistan. Another codename of the same site is Cobalt.[1][2] It is located north of Kabul and was the location of a brick factory prior to the Afghanistan War. The CIA adapted it for extrajudicial detention.

In the winter of 2005, the Salt Pit became known to the general public because of two incidents. In 2011 the Miami Herald indicated that the Salt Pit and the dark prison were the same location;[3][4] this was subsequently confirmed in a CIA torture report.[5]

Description

Although the initial plan called for the Afghan government to operate the site, it actually was overseen by the CIA from the start. The CIA authorized more than $200,000 for the construction of the prison in June 2002; the site became operational with the incarceration of Ridha al-Najjar in September 2002, although the first formal guidelines for interrogation and confinement at the site were signed by Director of Central Intelligence George Tenet only in late January, 2003. Ultimately the prison housed, at one point or another, nearly half of the 119 detainees identified by the Senate Intelligence Committee report on CIA torture.

The prison was dark at all times, with curtains and painted exterior windows. Loud music was played constantly. The prisoners were kept in total darkness and isolation, with only a bucket for human waste and without sufficient heat in winter months. Nude prisoners were kept in a central area, and walked around as a form of humiliation. The detainees were hosed down while shackled naked, and placed in cold cells. They were subject to sleep deprivation, shackled to bars with their hands above their heads. Four of 20 cells of the prison had bars across the cell to allow this.

One senior interrogator said that his team found a detainee who had been chained in a standing position for 17 days, "as far as we could determine." A senior CIA debriefer told the CIA Inspector General that she heard stories of detainees hung for days on end with their toes barely touching the ground, choked, being deprived of food, and made the subject of a mock assassination. There are almost no detailed records of the detentions and interrogations during the earliest days of the site's existence.

Throughout interviews conducted in 2003 with the CIA Office of Inspector General, top CIA leadership and attorneys acknowledged they had little knowledge of the site operations. Both the Director of Central Intelligence George Tenet and CIA General Counsel Scott Muller have said they were "not very familiar" with the detention site. In August 2003, Muller said he believed that the site was merely a holding facility. The Inspector General review also found that there were no guidelines for "enhanced interrogation techniques" at the site and that some interrogators were "left to their own devices" with prisoners.[1]

The Dark Prison

The dark prison is the informal name used by some Guantanamo Bay detainees for a secret prison they claim they were detained in near Kabul, Afghanistan.[6] This is now identified with the Salt Pit.[5] According to an article distributed by Reuters, eight Guantanamo detainees have described the conditions they were held under in "the dark prison".

Detainees claimed that they were detained in complete darkness for weeks on end. They described being deprived of food and water and being fed filthy food and water when they were fed.[7] The prisoners' details have been consistent, saying that the guards did not wear military uniforms — prompting Human Rights Watch to suggest it was run as a black site by the Central Intelligence Agency. One prisoner reported being threatened with rape.[7] In 2011, The Miami Herald reported that the Dark Prison is another name for the Salt Pit.[3] Two Afghan captives died there in 2005 and a Department of Defense investigation finally concluded they had been murdered, as some detainees had claimed.[3]

Detainees who claimed to have been detained in the dark prison

Jamil al-Banna
  • arrested in Gambia with Bisher al-Rawi and others
  • transported to the black site
  • detained at Guantanamo Bay from March 2003 to December 19, 2007
Abd al-Salam Ali al-Hila
Bisher al-Rawi
Hassin Bin Attash
Binyam Mohammed
  • claims he was tortured in the black sites
  • detained in the Guantanamo Bay detention camps until February 2009
  • US government claimed he was a co-conspirator of Jose Padilla in a bombing plot, but dropped charges
Laid Saidi
Sanad al-Kazimi
  • Alleges he was beaten with electric cables and attempted suicide three times in the prison.[9]
Hayatullah
  • Held in "the black prison" for forty days before being transferred to Bagram, Afghanistan in 2007.[10]
  • Reports that the walls of the prison are concrete blocks. Captives who had been held there a long time say they were originally plywood, painted black.
  • Believed the prison was near Bagram base, and was also called "Tor Jail".

Death in custody

The recently assigned CIA case officer in charge of the prison directed the Afghan guards to strip Gul Rahman naked from the waist down, chain him to the floor of his unheated cell, and leave him overnight, according to the Associated Press. Rahman was captured in Islamabad on October 29, 2002.[11][12][13][14][15][16][17] On the morning of 20 November 2002, he was found dead in his cell.[18] A post-mortem examination determined that he had frozen to death. The Washington Post described the CIA camp commandant as "newly minted", on his first assignment. ABC News called the CIA camp commandant "a young, untrained junior officer". The Washington Post's sources noted that the CIA camp commandant had subsequently been promoted. The commandant was later identified as Matthew Zirbel.[19] The Senate Intelligence Committee report on CIA torture revealed that no CIA employees were disciplined as a result of his death.[5]

Rahman was buried in an unmarked grave, and his friends and family were never told of what happened to him. They learned of his fate in 2010 after an AP story revealed Rahman had died at Salt Pit.[11][13]

Khalid El-Masri

Khalid El-Masri, a German citizen, was kidnapped from the Republic of Macedonia and rendered to Afghanistan.[20] El-Masri's name was similar to that of Khalid al-Masri, a terror suspect; the Macedonian authorities thought he might be traveling on a forged passport, and notified the regional CIA station. A team of American CIA officials were dispatched to the Republic of Macedonia, where they kidnapped El-Masri after he was released by the Macedonian officers, but without regard to his legal rights under Macedonian law.[21] It took over two months for the CIA official who ordered his arrest to assess whether El-Masri's passport was legitimate.[22] El-Masri described being beaten and injected with drugs as part of his interrogation.

On May 18, 2006 U.S. Federal District Judge T.S. Ellis, III of the Eastern District of Virginia dismissed a lawsuit El-Masri filed against the CIA and three private companies allegedly involved with his transport, stating that a public trial would "present a grave risk of injury to national security."[23] A Court of Appeals also dismissed the case.

On October 9, 2007 the U.S Supreme Court declined to hear El-Masri's appeal of the lower courts, without comment.[24]

Bureau of Prisons inspection

On November 21, 2016, CBS News reported that an inspection of the Salt Pit, from officials from the United States Bureau of Prisons (BOP), had been confirmed through Freedom of Information Act lawsuits.[25] The Bureau of Prison inspection first became public knowledge when the United States Senate Intelligence Committee published its 600-page unclassified summary of its 6,000 page classified report on the CIA's use of torture. The Bureau of Prison denied sending inspectors. The American Civil Liberties Union then filed FOIA requests for information about the inspections. When the Bureau of Prisons declined to honor the requests, the ACLU took the matter to court.

According to CBS News "The admission came Thursday in response to a lawsuit filed by the ACLU, which sued in April after the Bureau of Prisons denied having any record of involvement with the detention site."[25] In the November filing, the Bureau of Prisons acknowledged that two officials had visited the prison in 2002, but said that they had not technically lied when they denied having any record of the visit, because the CIA had instructed the BOP not to keep any record of the visit to be maintained.

The CBS News report quoted extensively from the Senate report's coverage of the visit.[25] Their report stated that although Gul Rahman died during the BOP inspection, the CIA's records stated that the BOP inspectors "determined the site was 'not inhumane'".

Captives cowered when their cell doors were opened for the BOP inspectors.[25]

CBS News first covered suggestion the BOP inspected the prison in June 2015.[25][26] One of the documents the BOP published in response to the FOIA request was an email where an official whose name was redacted forwarded a link to the CBS article, together with the comment, "They just won't let it go."[27]

See also

References

  1. 1 2 "Inside the CIA's Sadistic Dungeon". The Daily Beast. December 9, 2014. Retrieved December 20, 2014.
  2. ↑ Harris, Tim Mak|Shane (2014-12-09). "The Most Gruesome Moments in the CIA ‘Torture Report’". The Daily Beast. Retrieved 2017-07-23.
  3. 1 2 3 Rosenberg, Carol, Jonathan Landay, "Prosecutors probing deaths of two CIA captives", The Miami Herald, June 30, 2011 Archived October 6, 2012, at the Wayback Machine.
  4. ↑ "CIA photos of ‘black sites’ could complicate Guantánamo trials". miamiherald. Retrieved 2017-07-23.
  5. 1 2 3 Matthews, Dylan (December 9, 2014). "16 absolutely outrageous abuses detailed in the CIA torture report". Vox Media. Retrieved June 9, 2014.
  6. ↑ "Detainees describe 'dark prison' "ScienceDaily051219" Check |url= value (help).
  7. 1 2 U.S. Operated Secret ‘Dark Prison’ in Kabul (Human Rights Watch, 19-12-2005) Archived February 3, 2006, at the Wayback Machine.
  8. ↑ Algerian Tells of Dark Term in U.S. Hands, New York Times, July 7, 2006 - mirror
  9. ↑ Mayer, Jane, The Dark Side: The Inside Story of How the War on Terror Turned Into a War on American Ideals, 2008. p. 274-275
  10. ↑ "Interviews With Detainees". New York Times. 2009-11-29. Archived from the original on 2010-01-18.
  11. 1 2 Priest, Dana (March 6, 2005). "CIA Avoids Scrutiny of Detainee Treatment: Afghan's Death Took Two Years to Come to Light; Agency Says Abuse Claims Are Probed Fully". Washington Post. Retrieved 2007-06-28.
  12. ↑ Ross, Brian; Esposito, Richard (November 18, 2005). "CIA's Harsh Interrogation Techniques Described: Sources Say Agency's Tactics Lead to Questionable Confessions, Sometimes to Death". Retrieved 2007-06-28.
  13. 1 2 Goldman, Adam; Gannon, Kathy (2010-03-28). "AP INVESTIGATION: Cautionary Tale From CIA Prison". ABC News. Retrieved 2010-04-21.
  14. ↑ Gannon, Cathy; Goldman, Adam (2010-04-06). "CIA victim said to have rescued future Afghan pres". Yahoo News. Retrieved 2010-04-20. mirror Archived April 14, 2010, at the Wayback Machine.
  15. ↑ Mayer, Jane (2010-03-31). "Who Killed Gul Rahman?". New Yorker magazine. Retrieved 2010-04-20. mirror
  16. ↑ "Did CIA Torture Victim Once Rescue Hamid Karzai?". CBS News. 2010-04-06. Retrieved 2010-04-20. mirror
  17. ↑ "CIA documents expose agency feud over psychologists leading interrogation program". miamiherald. Retrieved 2017-07-23.
  18. ↑ Death Investigation - Gul RAHMAN - https://www.cia.gov/library/readingroom/docs/0006555318.pdf
  19. ↑ Silverstein, Ken (2014-12-15). "The Charmed Life of a CIA Torturer: How Fate Diverged for Matthew Zirbel, aka CIA Officer 1, and Gul Rahman". The Intercept. First Look Media. Retrieved 2014-12-15.
  20. ↑ "CIA accused of detaining innocent man: If the agency knew he was the wrong man, why was he held?". MSNBC. April 21, 2005. Retrieved 2007-06-28.
  21. ↑ Mascolo, Georg; Schlamp, Hans-Jürgen; Stark, Holger (November 28, 2005). "CIA Flights in Europe: The Hunt for Hercules N8183J". Der Spiegel. Retrieved 2007-06-28.
  22. ↑ Priest, Dana (December 4, 2005). "Wrongful Imprisonment: Anatomy of a CIA Mistake: German Citizen Released After Months in 'Rendition". Washington Post. Retrieved 2007-06-28.
  23. ↑ Markon, Jerry (19 May 2006). "Lawsuit Against CIA Is Dismissed: Mistaken Identity Led to Detention". Washington Post. Retrieved 2007-09-20.
  24. ↑ "US court rejects CIA kidnap case". BBC. October 9, 2007. Retrieved 2007-11-23.
  25. 1 2 3 4 5 Graham Kates (2016-11-21). "Prison officials visited CIA "dungeon," but kept no record of the trip". New York, New York: CBS News. Retrieved 2016-11-27. The Bureau of Prisons has acknowledged for the first time that two of its officials traveled 14 years ago to a secret CIA detention site in Afghanistan, where they provided training to staff at a facility once described by an intelligence official as "the closest thing he has seen to a dungeon."
  26. ↑ Graham Kates (2015-06-19). "Did US prison officials visit a secret CIA prison in Afghanistan?". Washington DC: CBS News. Retrieved 2016-11-27. It was an inspection and apparent vote of approval that raised questions about whether the BOP exceeded its bounds of authority as a domestic agency. But the BOP says it has no record that it ever happened.
  27. ↑ redacted (2015-06-19). "Re: Did US prison officials visit a secret CIA prison in Afghanistan? -- CBS News". Bureau of Prisons. Retrieved 2016-11-27. They just won't let it go
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