National Herald (India)

National Herald is an Indian newspaper published by The Associated Journals Ltd. It was founded by freedom fighter and India's first prime minister Jawaharlal Nehru in 1938 as a tool to win independence.^[2] The history of journalism in India is closely linked to the histoty of freedom struggle. Most of the freedom fighters and social activists were journalists and they worked to rid India of foreign rule and fight the social prejudices as well.^[3] It was banned by British government in 1942 during Quit India movement. After independence, the newspaper was briefly shutdown in 1940s and 70s. Owing to financial crunch, the operations were temporarily stopped in 2008. In 2016, board of directors of Associated Journals Limited (AJL) took the decision of relaunching the newspaper.^[4].

History

National Herald was established in Lucknow on 9 September 1938 by Jawaharlal Nehru.^[5] The paper carried on its masthead the words ‘Freedom is in Peril, Defend it with All Your Might' taken from a cartoon by Gabriel from Brentford, Middlesex that Indira Gandhi had forwarded to Nehru.^[6] Jawaharlal Nehru was an early editor of the newspaper and until his appointment as Prime Minister was the Chairman of the Herald's Board of Directors.^[7][8] In 1938, K. Rama Rao was appointed the paper's first editor. Following the Quit India Resolution of August 1942, the British Raj clamped down on the Indian press and the paper was shut between 1942 and 1945.^[9] The Herald reopened in 1945 and from 1946 to 1950, Feroze Gandhi served as the paper's Managing Director, helping restore its financial health.^[10] From 1946 to 1978, Manikonda Chalapathi Rau served as its editor.^[9] Nehru gave Rau a free hand in running the paper and ensured its editorial independence even saying that though people thought the National Herald to be his paper, it really belonged to Chalapathi Rau who had made it what it had become.

Nehru had served as the paper's international correspondent for a while and after becoming Prime Minister was able to use the paper to espouse unpopular views and to sidestep the press corps in conveying his thoughts on various issues to the reading public as in 1954 when he wrote a scathing piece on the Bikini Atoll nuclear tests titled 'The Death-dealer'.^[11] The paper had editions from Lucknow and New Delhi, the latter begun in 1968.^[9][12] In Delhi, the paper was based out of Herald House on Bahadur Shah Zafar Marg, known as Delhi's Fleet Street while in Lucknow it was based out of the Nehru Bhawan and Nehru Manzil buildings.^[13] The National Herald also had Hindi and Urdu editions named Navjeevan and Qaumi Awaz.^[14]

In January 2008 discussions about closure began.^[15] On 1 April 2008 the paper's editorial (of its sole remaining edition, New Delhi) announced that it was temporarily suspending operations. The paper had failed to modernise its print technology and had not computerised at the time of suspending operations and had been making losses for several years owing to lack of advertising revenues and overstaffing. At the time of its closure T V Venkitachalam was its editor-in-chief.^[5]

Plans for revival

National Herald, before its closure was being run by Associated Journals.^[1] There were reports that the paper was being revived under journalist Suman Dubey, technocrat Sam Pitroda and the newly incorporated Young India Company headquartered at Herald House.^[16][17] However, Rahul Gandhi, a member on the board of Young Indian Company denied of such movement and mentioned that it is a not-for-profit company and cannot have any profitable business.^[18][19]

In March 2016, The Associated Journals Ltd. decided to revive the media outlet in digital form. On October 1, 2016 it announced the appointment of Neelabh Mishra as the Editor in Chief of the National Herald Group ^[20]. On November 14, 2016 an English website was launched.^[21] Simultaneously, it also announced that the print publications under suspension, namely National Herald in English, Navjivan in Hindi and Quami Awaz in Urdu, would be revived in due course. In its press release dated November 14, 2016 ^[22] the National Herald group pledged its commitment to furthering the editorial vision and principles of its founder Pt. Jawaharlal Nehru and India’s Freedom Movement – that of building a modern, democratic, just, equitable, liberal and socially harmonious nation.

Official re-launch

Vice President, Rahul Gandhi, Karanataka CM, and other dignitaries at the re-launch event of National Herald at Bengaluru

On June 12, 2017, Rahul Gandhi re-launched National Herald at an event in Bengaluru. Vice President of India Hamid Ansari was the chief guest and said, "The duty of the state is clear - free media is necessary for free society. When faced with unjust restrictions, censorship in the media can aid covering of abuses."^[2]

Commemorative edition

The commemorative edition of National Herald was launched on July 1, 2017 by the President of India Pranab Mukherjee.^[23]

References