Taoyuan International Airport

Taiwan Taoyuan International Airport 臺灣桃園國際機場
IATA: TPE ICAO: RCTP
Summary
Airport type	Public
Owner	Government of the Republic of China
Operator	Taoyuan International Airport Corporation
Serves	Taipei
Location	Dayuan, Taoyuan, Taiwan
Hub for	China Airlines EVA Air UNI Air Tigerair Taiwan Far Eastern Air Transport
Focus city for	Cathay Pacific Mandarin Airlines Vanilla Air Thai Airways Scoot
Elevation AMSL	33 m / 108 ft
Coordinates	25°4′35″N 121°13′26″E / 25.07639°N 121.22389°E / 25.07639; 121.22389Coordinates: 25°4′35″N 121°13′26″E / 25.07639°N 121.22389°E / 25.07639; 121.22389
Website	www.taoyuan-airport.com
Map
TPE Location in Taiwan
Runways
Direction Length Surface m ft 05L/23R[1] 3,660 12,008 Asphalt concrete 05R/23L 3,800 12,467 Asphalt concrete
Statistics (2016)
Number of passengers 42,296,322 Aircraft Movement 244,464 Airfreight Movements (kg) 2,097,228,000
Sources: Civil Aeronautics Administration, Ministry of Transportation and Communications[2]

Taiwan Taoyuan International Airport
Traditional Chinese	臺灣桃園國際機場 or 台灣桃園國際機場
Simplified Chinese	台湾桃园国际机场
Transcriptions Standard Mandarin Hanyu Pinyin Táiwān Táoyuán Gúojì Jīchǎng Bopomofo ㄊㄞˊ ㄨㄢ ㄊㄠˊ ㄩㄢˊ ㄍㄨㄛˊ ㄐㄧˋ ㄐㄧ ㄔㄤˇ Southern Min Hokkien POJ Tâi-ôan Thô-hn̂g Kok-chè Ki-tiûⁿ

Chiang Kai-shek International Airport
Traditional Chinese	中正國際機場
Simplified Chinese	中正国际机场
Transcriptions Standard Mandarin Hanyu Pinyin Zhōngzhèng Guójìjīchǎng

Taiwan Taoyuan International Airport (IATA: TPE, ICAO: RCTP) is an international airport serving the capital city of Taipei, Taiwan, and northern parts of the island. Located about 40 km (25 mi) west of Taipei in Dayuan District, Taoyuan, the airport is Taiwan's largest and busiest airport.^[3] It is one of five Taiwanese airports with regular international flights, and is operated by the Taoyuan International Airport Corporation. In 2016, it was ranked the best airport for its size in the Asia-Pacific region by Airports Council International.^[4]

The airport opened for commercial operations in 1979 and is an important regional trans-shipment center, passenger hub, and gateway for destinations in Asia. Formerly known as Chiang Kai-shek International Airport (CKS International Airport), the airport was renamed on 6 September 2006 to its current name.^[5] It is one of two that serves Taipei; the other, Taipei Songshan Airport, is located within city limits and served as Taipei's only international airport until 1979.^[6] Songshan now mainly serves chartered flights, domestic flights, and limited international flights.

In 2016, Taiwan Taoyuan handled a record 42.3 million passengers and 2.1 billion kg of freight, making it the 11th busiest airport worldwide by international passenger traffic, and 6th busiest in terms of international freight traffic in 2015.^[2][7] It is the main international hub for China Airlines and EVA Air.

Origin of the name

The airport, originally planned as Taoyuan International Airport, bore the name of late President Chiang Kai-shek until 2006.^[5] In Chinese, its former name was literally "Chung-Cheng (Zhongzheng) International Airport", where Chung-Cheng is the legal given name that Chiang Kai-shek had used since the 1910s.^[8] In Taiwan, Chiang Kai-shek is associated with the Chinese Nationalist Party or Kuomintang and its many years of one-party authoritarian rule.^[9] Local officials in Taoyuan City and members of the Pan-Green Coalition often referred to the hub by the name originally associated with it: "Taoyuan International Airport".^[10] News organizations and local residents sometimes combined the two commonly used names as "Taoyuan Chung-Cheng Airport."^[10][11]

The Executive Yuan of then-President Chen Shui-bian's administration officially approved the name Taiwan Taoyuan International Airport for the hub on September 6, 2006.^{[12][13][14][15]} The opposition Kuomintang, which together with its political allies held a one-vote majority in the Legislative Yuan, decried the change and proposed "Taiwan Taoyuan Chiang Kai-shek International Airport" instead.^[16] The disagreement, like those affecting the names of the Chiang Kai-shek Memorial Hall and other Taiwan landmarks, stands as another manifestation of the trend known as Taiwan localization among pan-Green officials and desinicization by Pan-Blue Coalition.^[9] The media in mainland China has always referred to the airport as "Taoyuan International Airport" so as to avoid mentioning Chiang Kai-shek. Despite the name change, the airport is still known as Chiang Kai-Shek (CKS) International Airport in all official records of IATA.

History

In the 1970s, the original airport in Taipei City — Taipei Songshan Airport — had become overcrowded and could not be expanded due to space limitations. Thus, a new airport was planned to alleviate congestion.^[6] The new airport opened (with Terminal 1) on February 26, 1979,^[5] as part of the Ten Major Construction Projects pursued by the government in the 1970s. The airport was originally planned under the name Taoyuan International Airport but was later changed to Chiang Kai-shek International Airport in memory of former President Chiang Kai-shek.^[9]

The airport is the main hub of China Airlines, the ROC's flag carrier, as well as EVA Air, a private airline established in 1989. Overcrowding of the airport in recent years prompted the construction of Terminal 2, which was opened on July 29, 2000,^[5] with half of its gates operational; EVA Air was the first airline to move into Terminal 2. The remaining gates opened on January 21, 2005 for China Airlines, making China Airlines the only airline to operate from both terminals.^[17]

The airport has announced construction plans for a third terminal. In October 2015, the design of British firm Rogers Stirk Harbour + Partners, founded by Pritzker Architecture Prize-laureate Richard Rogers, was chosen for the 640,000 square meter Terminal 3. Over 2.3 billion US Dollars will be poured into the project, among the most costly constructions in modern Taiwanese history. The terminal is expected to be opened in 2020 and accommodate 45 million passengers per year, boosting the yearly capacity of the airport to 86 million passengers.^[18]

Terminals

Taiwan Taoyuan International Airport currently has two terminals, which are connected by two, short people movers.^[19] The third and fourth terminals are planned, and the Taoyuan Airport MRT links the terminals together underground, and provides transportation to Taipei City.^[20][21]

Morning rush hour at TPE

Terminal 1

Terminal 1 is the original passenger terminal of the Taiwan Taoyuan International Airport. The building was designed by Taiwanese structural engineer Tung-Yen Lin and is based on the main terminal of Washington Dulles International Airport.^[22][23] The five-story, 169,500-m² terminal, along with the airport, opened in 1979 to relieve the overcrowded Taipei Songshan Airport.^[24] All international flights were moved to the airport following the completion of this terminal. Terminal 1 featured 22 gates. A row of 11 gates are located on the north end of the airfield facing the north runway and another row of 11 gates are located on the south end airfield facing the south runway. The two concourses that contained the airplane gates are linked together by a main building that contained the check-in areas, baggage claim, passport immigration areas, and security checkpoint areas. Together they form a giant "H". All gates are equipped with jetways. Gates located at the end of the concourses have one jetlag and also reducing people and gates not located at the end of the concourses have two jetways. The terminal used to be very white in color when it first opened. As the years gradually passed, the façade and color has become more tan and yellow colored due to air pollution in Taipei.

After the completion of Terminal 2, some gates from Terminal 1 were removed to make space for Terminal 2. Currently Terminal 1 has 18 gates.^[25] Alphabetical letters were introduced when Terminal 2 was completed. The north concourse is now Concourse A and the south concourse is now Concourse B. Before Terminal 2, gates were numbered from 1 to 22. China Airlines uses Concourse A for the majority of its flights in Terminal 1, while the third largest carrier of the airport, Cathay Pacific, operates most of its flights at Concourse B.

In 2012, the renovation project of the terminal, designed by Japanese architect Norihiko Dan^[26], was completed, doubling the floor area, expanding check-in counters, increasing shopping areas and expanding car-parking facilities. Part of the project was the complete redesigning of both the exterior and interior of the terminal. Capacity of terminal 1 is 15 million passengers per year.

• 
  Exterior of Terminal 1
• 
  Renovated arrival hall
• 
  Baggage Area
• 
  Corridor light decorations
• 
  Decorated gate lounge of gate B6
• 
  China Airlines planes parked outside Terminal 1

Terminal 2

Terminal 2 opened in 2000 to reduce heavy congestion in the aging Terminal 1.^[27] Only the South Concourse had been completed by the time the terminal opened. The South Concourse alone has 10 gates, each with 2 jetways and their own security checkpoints. The North Concourse opened later in 2005, bringing the total number of gates for Terminal 2 to 20 gates; the security checkpoints were moved to a central location in front of the passport control. The 318,000-m² facility is capable of handling 17 million passengers per year.^[27]

The Southern and Northern Concourses are also known as Concourse C and Concourse D, respectively. Terminals 1 and 2 are connected by two short people mover lines, with one from Concourse A to D, and the other from B to C. China Airlines uses Concourse D for the majority of its flights in Terminal 2 while EVA Air uses Concourse C for most of its operations.

Terminal 2 is also currently undergoing an expansion project that will increase the terminal's annual passenger capacity by 5 million people.

• 
  Departure Hall
• 
  Departure Area
• 
  Arrival Area
• 
  Baggage Claim

Terminal 3 (under construction)

Construction of Terminal 3 is part of the expansion project of Taoyuan International Airport. The 640,000 square meter Terminal 3 is designed by Rogers Stirk Harbour + Partners and is expected to be opened in 2020. The new facilities will accommodate 45 million passengers per year.^[18]

Terminal 4 (plans halted)

Originally part of the expansion project was a new Terminal 4. However, due to the vast amount of constructions, the Ministry of Transportation ordered the airport company to halt the project in order to minimize traveller inconvenience.^[28]

Airlines and destinations

 

Passenger

Airlines	Destinations
AirAsia	Kota Kinabalu
AirAsia X	Kuala Lumpur–International
Air Busan	Busan
Air Canada	Vancouver
Air China	Beijing–Capital, Chengdu, Chongqing, Hangzhou, Shanghai–Pudong, Wenzhou
Air Macau	Macau
All Nippon Airways operated by Air Japan	Tokyo–Narita
Asiana Airlines	Seoul–Incheon
Cathay Dragon	Hong Kong
Cathay Pacific	Fukuoka (ends 28 October 2017),[29] Hong Kong, Nagoya–Centrair, Osaka–Kansai, Seoul–Incheon, Tokyo–Narita
Cebu Pacific	Cebu, Manila
China Airlines	Amsterdam, Auckland, Bangkok–Suvarnabhumi, Beijing–Capital, Brisbane, Busan, Changsha (begins 11 September 2017),[30] Chengdu, Dalian, Delhi, Denpasar/Bali, Frankfurt, Fukuoka, Guam, Guangzhou, Haikou, Hanoi, Hefei, Hiroshima, Ho Chi Minh City, Hong Kong, Honolulu, Jakarta–Soekarno–Hatta, Kagoshima, Kalibo, Koror, Kuala Lumpur–International, London-Gatwick (begins 1 December 2017),[31] Los Angeles, Manila, Melbourne, Miyazaki, Nagoya–Centrair, Naha, Nanchang, New York–JFK, Osaka–Kansai, Penang, Phnom Penh, Qingdao, Rome–Fiumicino, San Francisco, Sanya, Sapporo–Chitose, Seoul–Incheon, Shanghai–Pudong, Shenzhen, Shizuoka, Singapore, Surabaya, Sydney, Takamatsu, Tokyo–Narita, Toyama, Ürümqi, Vancouver, Vienna, Weihai, Wuhan, Wuxi, Xi'an, Xuzhou, Yangon, Yangzhou, Yantai Seasonal: Christchurch, Ishigaki
China Eastern Airlines	Changzhou, Hefei, Huai'an, Kunming, Lanzhou, Lijiang, Nanchang, Nanjing, Ningbo, Qingdao, Shanghai–Pudong, Taiyuan, Wuhan, Wuxi, Xi'an, Yinchuan
China Southern Airlines	Changchun, Changsha, Dalian, Guangzhou, Guilin, Guiyang, Harbin, Nanning, Shanghai–Pudong, Shantou, Shenyang, Shenzhen, Wuhan, Yiwu, Zhangjiajie, Zhengzhou
Eastar Jet	Seoul–Incheon
Emirates	Dubai–International
EVA Air	Amsterdam, Bangkok–Suvarnabhumi, Beijing–Capital, Brisbane, Cebu, Chengdu, Chicago–O'Hare, Denpasar/Bali, Fukuoka, Guangzhou, Guilin, Hakodate, Hangzhou, Hanoi, Harbin, Ho Chi Minh City, Hohhot, Hong Kong, Houston–Intercontinental, Huangshan, Jakarta–Soekarno–Hatta, Jinan, Komatsu, Kuala Lumpur–International, London–Heathrow, Los Angeles, Macau, Manila, Naha, New York–JFK, Osaka–Kansai, Paris–Charles de Gaulle, Phnom Penh, San Francisco, Sapporo–Chitose, Seattle/Tacoma, Sendai, Seoul–Incheon, Shanghai–Pudong, Singapore, Surabaya (ends 30 August 2017),[32] Taiyuan, Tianjin, Tokyo–Narita, Toronto–Pearson, Vancouver, Vienna, Zhengzhou Seasonal: Asahikawa, Okayama, Takamatsu
Far Eastern Air Transport	Harbin, Hefei, Niigata, Shijiazhuang, Yanji, Yinchuan Charter: Siem Reap
Hainan Airlines	Beijing–Capital, Dalian, Guangzhou, Haikou, Lanzhou, Xi'an
Hong Kong Airlines	Hong Kong
Japan Airlines	Nagoya–Centrair, Osaka–Kansai, Tokyo–Narita
JC International Airlines	Phnom Penh, Siem Reap[33]
Jeju Air	Busan, Seoul–Incheon
Jetstar Asia Airways	Osaka–Kansai, Singapore
Jetstar Japan	Nagoya–Centrair, Osaka–Kansai, Tokyo–Narita
Jetstar Pacific Airlines	Da Nang
Jin Air	Seoul–Incheon
Juneyao Airlines	Shanghai–Pudong
KLM1	Amsterdam, Manila
Korean Air	Busan, Seoul–Incheon
Malaysia Airlines	Kota Kinabalu, Kuala Lumpur–International
Malindo Air	Kota Kinabalu,[34] Kuala Lumpur–International, Labuan
Mandarin Airlines operated by China Airlines	Changchun, Changsha, Nanjing, Ningbo, Shenyang, Xiamen, Yancheng, Zhengzhou Charter: Kalibo
NokScoot	Bangkok–Don Mueang
Peach	Naha, Osaka–Kansai, Sapporo-Chitose (begins 24 September 2017),[35] Sendai (begins 25 September 2017),[36] Tokyo–Haneda
Philippine Airlines	Kalibo, Manila, Osaka–Kansai,[37] Puerto Princesa
Philippines AirAsia	Cebu, Manila
Scoot	Sapporo–Chitose, Seoul–Incheon, Singapore, Tokyo–Narita
Shandong Airlines	Jinan, Qingdao, Yantai
Shenzhen Airlines	Nanchang, Nanning, Nantong, Shenyang, Shenzhen, Wuxi
Sichuan Airlines	Kunming
Singapore Airlines	Singapore
Spring Airlines	Shanghai–Pudong, Shijiazhuang
Thai Airways	Bangkok–Suvarnabhumi, Seoul–Incheon
Thai Lion Air	Bangkok–Don Mueang[38]
Tigerair Taiwan	Bangkok–Don Mueang, Busan, Daegu, Fukuoka, Hakodate, Jeju,[39] Osaka–Kansai,[40] Macau, Nagoya–Centrair, Naha, Okayama, Osaka–Kansai, Sendai, Tokyo–Haneda, Tokyo–Narita, Wuxi (begins 23 September 2017)[41]
Turkish Airlines	Istanbul–Atatürk
T'way Airlines	Daegu
Uni Air operated by EVA Air	Chongqing, Dalian, Fuzhou, Nanjing, Ningbo, Qingdao, Seoul–Incheon, Shenyang, Shenzhen, Xi'an, Xining, Yancheng
United Airlines	San Francisco
Vanilla Air	Ho Chi Minh City,[42] Naha,[43] Osaka–Kansai,[44] Tokyo–Narita
VietJet Air	Hanoi, Ho Chi Minh City
Vietnam Airlines	Hanoi, Ho Chi Minh City
Xiamen Air	Changsha, Fuzhou, Hangzhou, Quanzhou, Xiamen

Notes

^1 : This flight continues from Taipei to Manila. However, KLM does not have fifth freedom rights to carry revenue traffic solely between TPE and MNL.

Cargo

Airlines	Destinations
AirBridgeCargo	Moscow–Sheremetyevo
Air China Cargo	Shanghai–Pudong
ANA Cargo	Naha, Osaka–Kansai, Tokyo–Narita
Cargolux	Almaty, Baku, Bangkok–Suvarnabhumi, Beirut, Budapest, Damascus, Ho Chi Minh City, Kuala Lumpur–International, Kuwait, Luxembourg, Milan–Malpensa, Novosibirsk, Seoul–Incheon, Vienna
Cathay Pacific Cargo	Hong Kong, Tokyo–Narita
China Airlines Cargo	Amsterdam, Anchorage, Atlanta, Bangkok–Suvarnabhumi, Boston, Chicago–O'Hare, Chongqing, Dallas/Fort Worth, Delhi,[45] Dubai–Al Maktoum, Frankfurt, Guangzhou, Hanoi, Ho Chi Minh City, Hong Kong, Houston–Intercontinental, Jakarta–Soekarno–Hatta, Kuala Lumpur–International, Los Angeles, Luxembourg, Manila, Miami, Nanjing, New York–JFK, Osaka–Kansai, Penang, Prague, San Francisco, Seattle/Tacoma, Shanghai–Pudong, Shenzhen, Singapore, Tokyo–Narita, Xiamen, Zhengzhou
China Cargo Airlines	Shanghai–Pudong, Xiamen
China Postal Airlines	Fuzhou
DHL Aviation operated by Air Hong Kong	Hong Kong
Emirates SkyCargo	Bangkok–Suvarnabhumi, Dubai–Al Maktoum
EVA Air Cargo	Anchorage, Atlanta, Bangkok–Suvarnabhumi, Chicago–O'Hare, Chongqing, Dallas/Fort Worth, Hanoi, Hong Kong, Los Angeles, Manila, Osaka–Kansai, Penang, Seattle/Tacoma, Shanghai–Pudong, Shenzhen, Singapore, Tokyo–Narita
FedEx Express	Anchorage, Auckland, Clark, Hong Kong, Indianapolis, Memphis, Osaka–Kansai, Penang, Singapore, Tokyo–Narita
Hong Kong Airlines Cargo	Hong Kong
MASkargo	Kuala Lumpur–International, Manila, Kuching
Nippon Cargo Airlines	Kitakyushu, Seoul–Incheon, Tokyo–Narita
Polar Air Cargo	Cincinnati, Hong Kong, Los Angeles, Nagoya–Centrair, Seoul–Incheon, Tokyo–Narita
SF Airlines	Ningbo, Shenzhen
UPS Airlines	Anchorage, Clark, Cologne/Bonn, Louisville, Mumbai, Seoul–Incheon
Yangtze River Express	Guangzhou

Operations

Operations and Statistics[2]
Year	Passenger movements	Airfreight movements (kg)	Aircraft movement
2007	23,425,794	1,605,681,101	160,120
2008	21,936,083	1,493,119,963	145,993
2009	21,616,729	1,358,303,714	139,399
2010	25,114,413	1,767,074,774	156,036
2011	24,947,751	1,627,462,362	163,199
2012	27,836,550	1,577,730,181	180,761
2013	30,701,987	1,571,814,300	194,239
2014	35,804,465	2,088,726,700	208,874
2015	38,473,333	2,021,865,100	221,191
2016	42,296,322	2,097,228,400	244,464
Capacity
Passenger (current)			32,000,000
Passenger (2018)			37,000,000
Cargo (current)			1.7m tonnes

Busiest air routes by city pairs from Taipei–Taoyuan (2016)^[46]

Rank	City	Passengers	% Change 2016 / 15	Airport	Passengers	Carriers 2016 (largest carrier bolded)
1	Hong Kong	6,775,855	-1.6%	Hong Kong	6,775,855	Cathay Pacific, China Airlines, Cathay Dragon (formerly Dragonair), EVA Air, Hong Kong Airlines
2	Tokyo	3,060,138	+16.6%	Narita	2,882,000	All Nippon Airways, Cathay Pacific, China Airlines, Delta, EVA Air, Japan Airlines, Jetstar Japan, Scoot, Tigerair Taiwan, TransAsia Airways, Vanilla Air
				Haneda	178,138	Tigerair Taiwan, V Air, Peach
3	Osaka	2,750,420	+17.8%	Kansai	2,750,420	Cathay Pacific, China Airlines, EVA Air, Japan Airlines, Jetstar Asia Airways, Jetstar Japan, Peach, Philippine Airlines, Tigerair Taiwan, TransAsia Airways, V Air, Vanilla Air
4	Seoul	2,181,632	+52.0%	Incheon	2,181,632	Asiana, Cathay Pacific, China Airlines, Eastar Jet, EVA Air, Jeju Air, Jin Air, Korean Air, Mandarin Airlines, Scoot, Thai Airways, Uni Air
5	Shanghai	1,781,930	-0.1%	Pudong	1,781,930	Air China, China Airlines, China Eastern Airlines, China Southern Airlines, EVA Air, Juneyao Airlines, Spring Airlines, TransAsia Airways
6	Singapore	1,683,591	+3.1%	Singapore	1,683,591	China Airlines, EVA Air, Jetstar Asia Airways, Scoot, Singapore Airlines, Tigerair, Tigerair Taiwan
7	Bangkok	1,657,848	+9.5%	Suvarnabhumi	1,341,365	China Airlines, EVA Air, Thai Airways
				Don Mueang	316,483	NokScoot, Tigerair Taiwan, V Air
8	Macau	1,298,951	+9.7%	Macau	1,298,951	Air Macau, EVA Air, Tigerair Taiwan, TransAsia Airways, V Air
9	Manila	1,085,474	+28.9%	Manila	1,085,474	AirAsia Philippines, Cebu Pacific, China Airlines, EVA Air, KLM, Philippine Airlines
10	Ho Chi Minh City	1,055,157	+19.3%	Ho Chi Minh City	1,055,157	China Airlines, EVA Air, Uni Air, Vanilla Air, Vietjet Air, Vietnam Airlines
11	Los Angeles	1,029,268	+7.6%	LAX	1,029,268	China Airlines, EVA Air
12	Naha	929,191	+27.9%	Naha	929,191	China Airlines, EVA Air, Peach, Tigerair Taiwan, Transasia Airways, V Air, Vanilla Air
13	Kuala Lumpur–International	914,063	+10.8%	Kuala Lumpur–International	914,063	Air Asia X, China Airlines, EVA Air, Malaysia Airlines, Malindo Air
14	San Francisco	825,017	+3.1%	San Francisco	825,017	China Airlines, EVA Air, United Airlines
15	Fukuoka	788,096	+7.9%	Fukuoka	788,096	Cathay Pacific, China Airlines, EVA Air, Tigerair Taiwan, V Air

Top Passenger Carriers (2016)^[47]

Rank	Carrier	Passenger 2016	% Change 2015 / 16	Passenger 2015
1	China Airlines	10,892,193	+2.5%	10,626,866
2	EVA Air	9,711,177	+13.2%	8,579,003
3	Cathay Pacific	3,931,273	-0.6%	3,956,660
4	Tigerair Taiwan	1,227,129	+95.3%	551,806
5	TransAsia Airways	1,076,698	+0.8%	1,067,170
6	China Southern Airlines	976,752	+9.3%	1,076,936
7	China Eastern Airlines	938,738	-0.6%	944,459
8	Air China	808,202	+1.4%	819,491
9	Hong Kong Airlines	744,862	+5.2%	708,140
10	Scoot	706,321	+6.4%	664,107

Top Countries (2016)^[47]

Rank	Country	Passengers 2016	% Change 2016 / 15	Passengers 2015
1	Japan	9,676,300	+34.2%	7,208,934
2	China	8,129,969	-4.2%	8,486,105
3	Hong Kong	6,775,855	-1.6%	6,885,755
4	South Korea	2,954,113	+58.2%	1,867,516
5	United States	2,763,000	+13.7%	2,430,961
6	Thailand	1,726,220	+7.9%	1,599,223
7	Singapore	1,683,591	+3.1%	1,632,545
8	Vietnam	1,522,677	+19.3%	1,276,536
9	Philippines	1,346,478	+48.6%	906,147
10	Macau	1,298,951	+16.2%	1,117,692

The airport is operated by the Taoyuan International Airport Corporation, a company wholly owned by the Government of Taiwan. The Civil Aeronautics Administration (CAA) is responsible for the provision of air traffic control services, certification of Taiwan registered aircraft, and the regulation of general civil aviation activities.

The airport has two parallel runways, with one 3660 meters in length and another 3800 meters in length and both 60 meters wide, enabling them to cater to the next generation of aircraft. Both runways have been given a Category II Precision Approach, which allows pilots to land in only 350-metre visibility. The two runways have an ultimate capacity of over 60 aircraft movements an hour. The Airport is upgrading ATC and runways.

There are 41 frontal stands at the main passenger concourse, 15 remote stands and 25 cargo stands. In 2015, the airport was the 11th busiest airport worldwide in terms of international passenger numbers, and 6th busiest in terms of international freight traffic.^[7]

The operation of scheduled air services to and from Taoyuan is facilitated by air services agreements between Taiwan and other countries. Since the opening of RCTP, the Taiwan Government has implemented a policy of progressive liberalisation of air services with the intention of promoting consumer choice and competition. Many low-cost airlines have started various regional routes to compete head-on with full-service carriers on trunk routes.

The airport's long term expansion opportunities are subject to variables. A NTD 300 billion proposal to build a third runway and a third terminal has been under feasibility study and consultation. However, building a new runway would be very expensive as it would involve a huge compensation for acquiring land.

Airport facilities

Passenger facilities

Transportation between Terminal 1 and 2 is provided by the TTIA Skytrain, a driverless people mover system. The train transports both passengers who have cleared security and those who have not through separate train cars.

Airport Business Center

Taiwan Taoyuan International Airport finished developing the airports business travel center in late 2011. The facility is a three-story building located between the first and second terminals. Business travelers paying to use the travel center can drive into the airports restricted zone and park their cars directly in front of the building. This allows business travelers to arrive at the airport much closer to the actual departure time versus arriving two hours before departure time like most regular international passengers are required to do. The business center is equipped with over 15 isolated areas allowing travelers to eat their meals without any distractions or disruptions. The facility also includes a spa, sauna, and gymnasium that are available for use by travelers. However, all of these luxuries come with a one-time price tag of $8,000. Travelers who wish to use the facility must make reservations at least three days in advance. Statistics showed that 376 private jets landed and departed the airport through a six-month timeframe in 2011; this is a 100 percent increase from the same time frame in 2010.

Huan Yu VIP Terminal

Huan Yu VIP Terminal, also known as the Taoyuan Business Aviation Centre (TYBAC), began service in September 2011 and was officially opened in mid-October 2011.^[48] The three-story facility will have its own terminal and facilities separate from the public terminals. It will provide a multimedia conference room, passenger lounge, private rooms and showers, spa, sauna, gym, and business centre facilities.^[48] Other services that will be provided include ground handling, baggage handling, fuelling, security, customs and flight planning. Passengers planning to utilize TYBAC must sign up (to the Taiwanese immigration service) 3 days before use.

Baggage and cargo facilities

The handling and transportation of mail, passenger baggage, cargo, and the operation of aerobridges and passenger stairways in Taoyuan Airport is provided by Taoyuan International Airport Services Limited (TIAS) and Evergreen Airline Services (EGAS).

TTIA currently handles over 1.5 million tonnes of cargo annually. There are two air cargo terminals in the airport: one operated by Taiwan Air Cargo Terminals Limited and the other operated by Evergreen Air Cargo Services.

Aircraft maintenance services

China Airlines Engineering and Maintenance Organization (CALEMO) and Evergreen Aviation Technologies (EGAT) both offers maintenance services at the airport. With its huge base, CALEMO, with a market share of over 75%, can offer maintenance service of 5 huge airliners, ex. Boeing 747, at a time or 3 Boeing 747s and another Airbus A330 at a time. In addition, EGAT is capable of aircraft conversion programs, such as the Dreamlifter program.

Ground transportation

Bus

Frequent buses link the airport to Taipei,^[49] Taoyuan,^[50] Zhongli,^[51] Taichung,^[52] Banqiao,^[53] Changhua,^[54] and THSR's Taoyuan Station.^[55] Bus terminals are present at both terminals.

Rail

• Taoyuan Airport MRT: Links both terminals at the airport to Taipei and Zhongli District, Taoyuan City. Free Wi-Fi and wireless charging services provided on trains. Passengers flying China Airlines, EVA Air, Mandarin Airlines, and UNI Air can utilize downtown check-in and luggage facilities at Taipei Main Station.^[56][57]
  • Express train: 38-minute link between the airport and downtown Taipei. Stops at both airport terminals, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, New Taipei Industrial Park, and Taipei Main Station.
  • Commuter train: 45-minute link between the airport and downtown Taipei. Stops at all 21 stations on the line.
• Taiwan High Speed Rail Taoyuan Station is about 8 km (5.0 mi) away and is accessible by the Taoyuan Airport MRT's commuter train and shuttle bus.^[55]

Taxi

Taxi queues are outside the arrival halls of both terminals and are available 24 hours a day. They are metered and subject to a 15-percent surcharge.^[58]

Car rental

Car rentals are available at both terminals.^[59] The airport is served by National Highway No. 2.

Other facilities

CAL Park

China Airlines has its headquarters, CAL Park (Chinese: 華航園區; pinyin: Huáháng Yuánqū),^[60] on the grounds of Taiwan Taoyuan International Airport. CAL Park, located at the airport entrance forms a straight line with Terminal 1, Terminal 2, and the future Terminal 3.^[61]

Airport Hotels

Located adjacent to the Aviation Museum and the convention center is the Novotel Taipei Taoyuan International Airport, which opened in November 2009. The 360-room hotel is equipped with restaurants, recreation and fitness centers, and a hair salon and spa.^[62]

Aviation museum

The Chung Cheng Aviation Museum (Chinese: 中正航空科學館) is located in the south-eastern area of the airport between the main freeway entrance and the terminals. It was built in 1981 by Boeing under CAA contract.^[63] Many retired Republic of China Air Force fighters are represented here. Its purpose is to preserve aviation history and provide public understanding of the civil aviation industry.^[64] It is now currently closed due to the expansion and construction of the new Terminal 3.

Awards

• Airport Service Quality (Airports Council International) Best Airport in 15–25 million passengers level (2008)^[65]
• Best Airport Security Processing (Skytrax World Airport Reports 2011)^[66]
• Best Airport Staff in Asia (Skytrax World Airport Reports 2015)^[67]
• The World's Best Airport Staff (Skytrax World Airport Reports 2015)^[67]

Future developments

Taoyuan International Airport is undergoing major facility-upgrading and expansion plans. While the South runway (05R/23L) just completed its renovation in January 2015, construction started at the North runway (05L/23R) in March 2015. The runway renovations involve upgrading the runway to Category III and improving the surface conditions.^[68] On the other hand, two Terminal 2 gates, C2 and D6, had additional jet bridges installed to accommodate the A380 aircraft. After the runway and jetbridge upgrades, the airport will be able to allow regular A380 operations, with likely carriers being Emirates, China Southern and Singapore Airlines.^[69]

The Taoyuan International Airport MRT became operational on 2 March 2017.^[70] The MRT offers two types of services: Express and Commuter. Express trains allow travellers to arrive at the airport from Taipei Main Station within 35 minutes. The service frequency is one train every 15 minutes and the price is between 30-180NTD. Check-in services will be offered at major stations, including Taipei Main Station. Luggage check-in service will also be offered and the trains will transport the luggage directly to the airport.^[71]

Also underway are the Terminal 3, satellite terminal, and third runway plans. Terminal 3 will be designed by Rogers Stirk Harbour + Partners and have an annual capacity of 45 million passengers.^[18] Specific plans for the satellite terminal have not been announced. The third runway is expected to be completed by 2025.^[72]

The master plan of the airport is the Taoyuan Aerotropolis project, an urban plan aimed at creating an industrial area surrounding Taoyuan Airport. The aerotropolis will take advantage of the competitive local infrastructure to attract developments and help stimulate economic growth. The total area, including the "yolk" airport area and the "white" area, will exceed 6845 hectares. The Terminal 3 and third runway plans are all part of the "yolk" area projects. The official year of completion is 2023.^[73] However, due to land resumption controversies, the estimated year may be delayed.^[74]

Terminal 2 expansion

With the amount of passengers rising beyond anticipation, the Ministry of Transportation has planned an expansion project for Terminal 2, increasing its capacity by 5 million passengers per year from 17 mil to 22 mil.^[75]

Terminal 3 construction

In October 2015, it was announced that Rogers Stirk Harbour + Partners won the bid to design the 640,000 square meters terminal. Structures will include a processor (main terminal building), two concourses, and a multi-function building to connect the terminal with Terminal 2. The processor will have a wave-like roof structure, from which lights will be hung and move up-and-down to reflect the flow of passengers. Terminal 3 is expected to be completed in 2020 and will be able to handle at most 45 million passengers per year, thus increasing the overall yearly capacity of the airport to 86 million passengers.^[18]

Accidents and incidents

• On August 10, 1993, Air China Flight 973, a Boeing 767 was hijacked after takeoff from Beijing en route to Jakarta. A 30-year-old Chinese man passed a handwritten note to a flight attendant demanding to be flown to Taiwan. He threatened that his "accomplice" would destroy the aircraft unless he was flown to Taiwan. He was carrying a shampoo bottle containing a mixture of hydrochloric and nitric acids, and he threatened to disfigure nearby passengers with the acid if his demands were ignored. The aircraft was flown to Taipei International Airport, where the hijacker surrendered.^[76]
• Taiwan Taoyuan International Airport was one of the airports targeted by the failed Project Bojinka plot in 1995.
• On February 16, 1998, China Airlines Flight 676, which was arriving from Ngurah Rai International Airport, Indonesia, crashed into a residential area while landing in poor weather, killing all 196 people on board and seven on the ground.^[77]
• On 31 October 2000, Singapore Airlines Flight 006 crashed into construction equipment on the runway, killing 83 of the 179 occupants aboard.

See also

• Transportation in Taiwan

References

External links

Wikimedia Commons has media related to Taiwan Taoyuan International Airport.

• Official website
• openNav: TPE / RCTP charts