TREVI
Part of a series on the |
||||||||||||||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
History of the European Union |
||||||||||||||||||||||||
Organisation
|
||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
||||||||||||||||||||||||
European Union portal | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
TREVI was an intergovernmental network, or forum, of national officials from ministries of justice and the interior outside the European Community framework, created during the European Council meeting in Rome, 1–2 December 1975. It ceased to exist when it was integrated into the so-called Justice and Home Affairs (JHA) pillar of the European Union (EU) upon the entry into force of the Treaty of Maastricht in 1992.
The European Council in Rome, p.9 (Conclusions of the meeting, 2 Dec 1975)[1]
The first TREVI meeting at the level of senior officials was held in Rome where the famous Trevi Fountain is located and the meeting was chaired by a Dutchman by the name of Fonteijn (English: Fountain). In some French textbooks, it is noted that TREVI stands for Terrorisme, Radicalisme, Extrémisme et Violence Internationale.
The creation of TREVI was prompted by several terrorist acts, most notably the hostage taking and subsequent massacre during the 1972 Olympic Games in Munich, and the inability of Interpol at that time to effectively assist the European countries in combatting terrorism. While TREVI was initially intended to coordinate effective counterterrorism responses among European governments, it slowly extended its remit to many other issues in crossborder policing between the members of the European Community. Many of the practices and a large part of the structure of the former Third Pillar traced their origins to TREVI.
Timeline for EU evolution
Signed: In force: Document: |
1948 1948 Brussels Treaty |
1951 1952 Paris Treaty |
1954 1955 Modified Brussels Treaty |
1957 1958 Rome Treaty & EURATOM |
1965 1967 Merger Treaty |
1975 1976 Council Agreement on TREVI |
1986 1987 Single European Act |
1985+90 1995 Schengen Treaty & Convention |
1992 1993 Maastricht Treaty (TEU) |
1997 1999 Amsterdam Treaty |
2001 2003 Nice Treaty |
2007 2009 Lisbon Treaty |
|||
Content: | (founded WUDO) | (founded ECSC) | (protocol amending WUDO to become WEU) | (founded EEC and EURATOM) | (merging the legislative & administrative bodies of the 3 European communities) | (founded TREVI) | (amended: EURATOM, ECSC, EEC)+ (founded EPC) |
(founded Schengen) (implemented Schengen) |
(amended: EURATOM, ECSC, and EEC to transform it into EC)+ (founded: JHA+CFSP) |
(amended: EURATOM, ECSC, EC to also contain Schengen, and TEU where PJCC replaced JHA) | (amended with focus on institutional changes: EURATOM, ECSC, EC and TEU) | (abolished the 3 pillars and WEU by amending: EURATOM, EC=>TFEU, and TEU) (founded EU as an overall legal unit with Charter of Fundamental Rights, and reformed governance structures & decision procedures) |
|||
Three pillars of the European Union: | |||||||||||||||
European Communities (with a single Commission & Council) |
|||||||||||||||
European Atomic Energy Community (EURATOM) | |||||||||||||||
European Coal and Steel Community (ECSC) | Treaty expired in 2002 | European Union (EU) | |||||||||||||
European Economic Community (EEC) | European Community (EC) | ||||||||||||||
Schengen Rules | |||||||||||||||
Terrorism, Radicalism, Extremism and Violence Internationally (TREVI) | Justice and Home Affairs (JHA) |
Police and Judicial Co-operation in Criminal Matters (PJCC) | |||||||||||||
European Political Cooperation (EPC) | Common Foreign and Security Policy (CFSP) | ||||||||||||||
Western Union Defence Organization (WUDO) | Western European Union (WEU) | ||||||||||||||
Treaty terminated in 2011 | |||||||||||||||
See also
Further reading
- Anderson, M., M. den Boer, P. Cullen, W. Gilmore, C. Raab and N. Walker. (1995) Policing the European Union. Theory Law and Practice. Oxford: Clarendon Press.
- Hebenton, B. and T. Thomas (1995) Policing Europe. Co-operation, Conflicts and Control. New York: St. Martin’s Press Inc.
- Nilsson, H. (2004) ‘The Justice and Home Affairs Council’, in M. Westlake and D. Galloway (eds) The Council of the European Union. London: John Harper Publishing.
External links
References
- ↑ "THE EUROPEAN COUNCIL - ROME (1-2 DECEMBER 1975)" (pdf). Documents in the dossier include: The European Council in Rome, European Community Members to Issue EC Citizens a "European Passport", Declaration of Rambouillet 17 November 1975. December 1975.