Test of Russian as a Foreign Language

The Test of Russian as a Foreign Language (TORFL) (Russian: Тест по русскому языку как иностранному, translit. Test po russkomu yazyku kak inostrannomu or ТРКИ) is a contemporary test of Russian language for foreign citizens compliant with the best European quality standards.

Levels

Levels of the Test of Russian as a Foreign Language are matched to the Common European Framework of Reference for Languages: Learning, Teaching, Assessment (CEFR).

The TORFL test consists of 6 different levels:

• Elementary Level (TEL / A1) — Successful performance at the Test at Elementary Level represents a standard of initial competence in Russian which demonstrates a candidate can satisfy their elementary communicative needs in a limited number of everyday situations. The certificate of Elementary Level proves the competences of candidate for further language learning and achievement of Basic Level of Russian language proficiency.
• Basic Level (TBL / A2) — Successful performance at the Test at Basic Level represents a standard competence in Russian which demonstrates a candidate can satisfy their basic communicative needs in a limited number of situations in everyday and cultural spheres. This level stands for the minimum level required to obtain Russian citizenship. At the same time this level is not sufficient for studying in the Russian educational institutions, except for preparatory faculties (programs or courses) for foreigners.
• The First Certification Level (TORFL-I / B1) — Successful performance at the First Level Certificate indicates an intermediate level of language competence, which demonstrates a candidate can satisfy their main communicative needs in everyday, cultural, educational and professional spheres in line with the State Standard of Competence in Russian as a Foreign Language. In addition, the First Level Certificate allows its holder to apply to a Russian university.
• The Second Level Certificate (TORFL-II / B2) — Successful performance at the Second Level Certificate indicates a high level of competence in Russian which demonstrates a candidate can satisfy their communicative needs in a wide range of situations in cultural, educational and professional spheres. It allows its holder to receive bachelor's, master's and PhD degrees from Russian universities, excluding certain philology-related subjects. This level also allows one to carry out professional activities in the Russian language in the related subject areas: humanitarian sciences (except for philology), engineering, natural sciences, etc.
• The Third Level Certificate (TORFL-III / C1) — Successful performance at the Third Level Certificate indicates that the candidate has a high level of language command in all communicative contexts, which allows them to conduct professional activity in Russian in areas such as Linguistics, Translation, Editing, Journalism, International Relations and Management.
• The Fourth Level Certificate (TORFL-IV / C2) — Successful performance at the Fourth Level Certificate indicates Proficiency in Russian and the candidate's language competence close to a native Russian-speaker. It also enables its holder to receive a Master of Arts degree in philology, undertake all forms of work in Russian philology.

All Testing Centres provide exam preparation materials to the foreign citizens wishing to sit the TORFL test. The preparation materials for all levels of the Test of Russian language as a Foreign Language are available on St. Petersburg State University’s website.

Test Content

The Test of Russian as a Foreign Language comprises 5 parts examining language competences: writing, vocabulary/grammar, reading, listening and speaking.

Usually the exam is held on 2 days. On the first day candidates sit "Writing", "Vocabulary/Grammar" and “Reading" parts, on the second day – "Listening" and "Speaking" parts. The TORFL test assesses foreign citizens' skills to express various communicative intentions in the writing form using correct words and phrases, to understand different types of written information in Russian, to comprehend information in Russian given aurally, to participate in dialogues and to produce the monologue according the proposed subject.

The question papers for the TORFL test are compiled by the experts of each educational organization authorized to run the Test, e.g. St. Petersburg State University question papers are compiled by SPbU experts and so on.

Procedure of issuing certificates

After successful test passing foreign citizens receive the TORFL certificate confirming their level of language competence in Russian as a foreign language. The form and procedure of issuing the TORFL certificates are determined by the Order of the Ministry of education and science of the Russian Federation of 25 April 2014 No. 412.

This Order states that the 10 days is the maximum period for issuing a certificate, but the testing organizations seek to do this faster. For example, St. Petersburg State University issues a TORFL certificate within 5 business days.

Testing Centres

By the Order of the Ministry of education and science of the Russian Federation of 28 October 2014 No. 1394 the list of educational organizations conducting testing of Russian as a foreign language includes 5 educational organizations: St. Petersburg State University, Lomonosov Moscow State University, RUDN University, Pushkin State Russian Language Institute and the University of Tyumen.

These Universities are the only organizations authorized to conduct the TORFL test. However, they can outsource the provision of technical support to other organizations in various regions of Russia and in overseas countries. By that SPbU cooperates with more than 50 organizations around the world.^[1]

The full lists of test centres where the TORFL test is conducted can be found on the Universities’ websites.

Level comparison with common EFL tests, ALTE and CEFR

References

Extrenal links

• St. Petersburg State University;
• Lomonosov Moscow State University;
• RUDN University;
• Pushkin State Russian Language Institute;
• University of Tyumen