Sutton, Kent

Sutton
A duck pond in Sutton
Sutton
Sutton shown within Kent
Population	772 (2011)[1]
OS grid reference	TR3349
District	Dover
Shire county	Kent
Region	South East
Country	England
Sovereign state	United Kingdom
Post town	Deal
Postcode district	CT14
Police	Kent
Fire	Kent
Ambulance	South East Coast
EU Parliament	South East England

Sutton is a village and civil parish near Dover in Kent, England.^[2] In 1935 this village became a parish when the small settlements of Studdal, Sutton, Ashley, Little Mongeham and Maydensole joined to become the Parish of Sutton-by-Dover. Prior to this Sutton has had a vast history of agricultural practices, which has helped sustain the village into the parish it is today.^[3] The quoted population includes the villages of East and West Studdal plus Swingate and the hamlet of Little Mongeham.

Leisure and Recreation

The parish of Sutton has various recreational areas scattered throughout its settlements. Firstly, there is a "sports field located on the north side of Downs Road, which consists of a large field divided into a children's playground area, a recently constructed BMX track and a games pitch in order", appealing to Sutton's growing family community. The "allotments and community orchard, which are situated north of Chapel Lane and accessible via a path along the roadside, have been planted with traditional English apples trees, and maintained by the parish council; it has become a valued amenity". Moreover, the parish is home to some of "best footpaths in the area such as the North Downs Way, along with various picnic areas such as Jack's Bush which, situated at the peak of Downs Road, providing spectacular views across the Downs and Pegwell Bay".^[3]

Settlements within the Parish

Ashley

Containing the only pub in the parish, the small settlement of Ashley "encompasses different stages of building development, incorporating a mixture of building styles, dating predominantly from the 1940's. Ashley's older properties are clustered in the centre of the hamlet at the intersection of the roads and paths, with one of the oldest of these being a thatched cottage. Expanding outwards from the centre, the development has grown along Waldershare Road to the West and Chapel Lane to the east", which is the main road running through this settlement.^[3]

The buildings along "Waldershare Road consist mainly of detached bungalows, which are built on both sides of the road". "The facade of the road comprises hedge and brick walls, with all the houses being located further back from the road, behind small front gardens". In comparison, the houses which run along "Chapel Lane are detached modern bungalows, which are divided with two short terraces dating from the early 1900's". In comparison to "Waldershare Road, development has only occurred on one side of the road".^[3]

Maydensole and Napchester

20th Century Map of Sutton, Kent

The small hamlets of "Maydensole and Napchester have been founded around the farms upon which they are named after". "Great Napchester Farm, which pre-dates 1583, has undergone many alterations during the 18th and 19th century, and is now a residential farm situated in a rural setting".^[4] " Maydensole Farm was altered and extended to its present size in 1790, however since then there has been minimal alterations".^[3]

Studdal

"East Studdal, which has developed around the junction of Skraters Hill, Downs Road, Stoenheap Road and Homestead lane, lies in the centre of the parish and contains a community centre, playground, sports field, church hall and a small shop". Over the years, "East Studdal has experienced slow expansion with small developments constructed for specific purposes, such as colliery or council houses". "Properties here are well cared for by locals, with there being little litter, graffiti or vandalism". "The building materials used here vary throughout the settlement, from stock bricks, red and brown clay and pebble dash, to textured concrete tiles and slates for roofs".^[3]

"Stoneheap Road consists of individual designed residences, ranging from barn conversions to small bungalows". "As you go further into the settlement, the quantity of bungalows and houses, specifically along Downs Road, increases whereby the houses here are semi-detached and were built in the 1930's for colliery workers". "Homestead Lane, the oldest part of the settlement, contains dwellings mostly comprised of stock bricks".^[3]

Little Mongeham

The small hamlet of Little Mongeham contains "sixteen houses and approximately 1000 acres of land".^[5] "Once containg a parish church which was lost to ruin in the 18th century, the hamlet still contains a number of historic landmarks,^[6] such as Little Mongeham House, a striking brick built dwelling, topped by an unusual viaduct-style abutment between its chimney stacks". In comparison, "Manor Farm has a Kent peg roof and is half clad in hanging clay tiles". "Away from the cluster of older dwellings there are several modern bungalows, some of which are chalet style, which have been built from yellow stock bricks, with roofs composed mainly of slate or in some cases red clay titles".^[3]

Demographics

Total population of Sutton, Kent as reported by the census of population from 1801-2011

Population

Since data collection began in 1801, population figures remained very similar between this year and 1931, whereby up until then there have been minimal increases and decreases in total population.^[7] In 1801 the total population stood at 134 (65 males and 69 females) and after a century, these figures fluctuated very little, whereby in 1931 the total population was 212 with there being an even split of males and females. Over the duration of 130 years the total population increased by only 78, averaging an increase 0.6 people per year. However, between 1931 and 1951 the total population increased significantly, whereby over a 20-year period 511 people had moved into this area, which when compared to the statistical data from previous years is a substantial gain, which fails to fit the norm.

Occupational Structure

Occupational Structure in Sutton, 1881

The occupational structure of Sutton in 1881 illustrates a clear distinct variation between the individual job categories, depending upon the gender of the worker. The 1881 census data shows that a vast majority of the male workers during this time primarily worked in the agricultural industry, specifically given the time period, as farmers. By looking at the graph, you are able to identify a clear relationship between the topography of the surrounding environment and the industries which exist here. For example, one of the reasons agriculture exists here is due to the fact that Sutton is situated in Kent, which predominantly contains flat land, making agriculture a viable line of work.^[8] This is due to the fact that "arable farming, the growth of crops such as wheat and barley", is best suited to the topography of this area. The flat land allows for seeds to be "easily sown into the soil allowing for greater growth and improved crop yields, consequently meaning harvesting would also be more efficient and successful".^[9]

Occupational structure for Sutton, 1881 showing male percentage

Furthermore, gender inequality also exists here, regarding the amount of females working in this industry, as zero females were reportedly employed in this sector, compared to the 33 males which were. One reason for this was that in the "19th century, gender roles,which are structured around femininity and masculinity, were conceptions of what society deemed acceptable".  As a result, gender inequality existed here, whereby the "role of a male in society was to provide for their family, typically engaging in work involving manual labour; whereas in comparison the role of a woman was orientated around the home, raising children and caring for the family". Evidence of this can be seen in the graph, as 86% of women in the village are in unknown occupations. The second most common occupation for women here is domestic services with 4 females working in this sector, suggesting that women worked as carers or nannies.^[10]

Occupational structure for Sutton, 1881 showing female percentage

Parish history

For many years, due to the "light and easily tilled chalky soils, farmers have been attracted to the topography of Sutton". "The Royal Commission on the Historic Monuments of England have identified crop marks, tracks and ditches dating here from the Iron Age to the Roman period".^[11] "During the following centuries farmsteads developed across the parish, with many of these farmhouses still being in existence".^[3]

St Peter and St Paul's Church

St Peter and St Paul’s is located along" East Sutton Road and is in the far North East of Deanery, bordering on the parishes of the North Downs Deanery to the North, Sutton Valence to the West and Headcorn to the South". The church, which has been standing for "800 years", is the key feature of this small village, with "services being held every day from the Book of Common Prayer".^[12][13]

St Peters And St Paul's Church, East Sutton

"Built in 1120AD, the church was of vital importance to the local community. During the 9th century of King Alfred's reign in England, upon defeating the Vikings he set about creating a new system of Christian learning that would reach illiterate people living in rural areas".^[11] "This motion began to come into affect during the 10th century, where Lords began to provide small chapels on their land where local people could use the services of a priest, and this laid the path from which the parish system grew". However, it was the" Norman Conquest that ultimately defined the power of the church in England, whereby William the Conqueror implemented a country wide building project", encouraging the building of churches in all major towns and villages. This movement lead to the creation of the church in Sutton, which played a key role in "community life, acting as a school, a market and an entertainment venue".^[14]

Today, the church still plays a vital role within the community. Keeping in touch with the community spirit, the church offers services for both local people and families, whereby on every third Sunday of the month, occasions such as Father's Day are celebrated. Furthermore, "the church supports local and international charities, such as Family Care, Christian Aid and USPG, carrying out fundraising activities such as sponsored cycle rides and summer parties".^[15]

Transport

Sutton lies in close proximity to two railway stations, "Martin Hill and Walmer", both approximately being 2.8 miles away. The stations situated along the South Eastern Railway Line, provide links to surrounding towns such as Dover, and Canterbury as well as the Capital City, London.^[16][17]

Due to Sutton's remote location, the nearest major road is the A256, located 11 miles west of Sutton. This road which precedes to link to the A2 further south can be accessed by Forge Lane or Downs Road. The A2, which is located 8.8 miles south of Sutton, provides direct access between Dover and London, spanning across Kent from east to west. Upon reaching the town of Boughton, the A road transforms into the M2, which is then used to reach London for a significant distance of the journey, whereby upon reaching the outskirts of London, it transforms back into the A2.^[16]

References

External links

Media related to Sutton, Kent at Wikimedia Commons