Sutahata (community development block)

Sutahata সুতাহাটা
Community development block সমষ্টি উন্নয়ন ব্লক
Sutahata Location in West Bengal, India
Coordinates: 22°08′24″N 88°04′48″E / 22.140°N 88.080°E / 22.140; 88.080Coordinates: 22°08′24″N 88°04′48″E / 22.140°N 88.080°E / 22.140; 88.080
Country	India
State	West Bengal
District	Purba Medinipur
Government
• Type	Community development block
Area
• Total	79.54 km2 (30.71 sq mi)
Elevation	7 m (23 ft)
Population (2011)
• Total	123,784
• Density	1,600/km2 (4,000/sq mi)
Languages
• Official	Bengali, English
Time zone	IST (UTC+5:30)
PIN	721635 (Sutahata) 721658 (Kukrahati)
Area code(s)	03224
ISO 3166 code	IN-WB
Vehicle registration	WB-29, WB-30, WB-31, WB-32, WB-33
Literacy	85.42%
Lok Sabha constituency	Tamluk
Vidhan Sabha constituency	Haldia
Website	purbamedinipur.gov.in

Sutahata is a community development block that forms an administrative division in Haldia subdivision of Purba Medinipur district in the Indian state of West Bengal. In earlier days this block was referred to as Sutahata I block, and Haldia block was referred to as Sutahata II block.

History

Sutahata was initially a market place for the sale of handloom products.^[1]

Geography

Purba Medinipur district is part of the lower Indo-Gangetic Plain and Eastern coastal plains. Topographically, the district can be divided into two parts – (a) almost entirely flat plains on the west, east and north, (b) the coastal plains on the south. The vast expanse of land is formed of alluvium and is composed of younger and coastal alluvial. The elevation of the district is within 10 metres above mean sea level. The district has a long coastline of 65.5 km along its southern and south eastern boundary. Five coastal CD Blocks, namely, Khejuri II, Contai II (Deshapran), Contai I, Ramnagar I and II, are occasionally affected by cyclones and tornadoes. Tidal floods are quite regular in these five CD Blocks. Normally floods occur in 21 of the 25 CD Blocks in the district. The major rivers are Haldi, Rupnarayan, Rasulpur, Bagui and Keleghai, flowing in north to south or south-east direction. River water is an important source of irrigation. The district has a low 899 hectare forest cover, which is 0.02% of its geographical area.^[1][2][3]

Sutahata is located at 22°08′24″N 88°04′48″E / 22.140°N 88.080°E / 22.140; 88.080.

Sutahata CD Block is bounded by Diamond Harbour II CD Block, in South 24 Parganas district across the Hooghly, in the north, Diamond Harbour I CD Block, in South 24 Parganas district across the Hooghly, in the east, Haldia CD Block in the south and Mahishadal CD Block in the west.^[4][5] It is located 31 km from Tamluk, the district headquarters.^[4]

Sutahata CD Block has an area of 79.54 km². It has 1 panchayat samity, 6 gram panchayats, 89 gram sansads (village councils), 81 mouzas and 78 inhabited villages. Sutahata police station serves this block.^[6] Headquarters of this CD Block is at Sutahata.^[7]

Gram panchayats of Sutahata block/ panchayat samiti are: Ashadtalia, Chaitanyapur, Deulpota, Guaberia, Horekhali, Joynagar and Kukrahati.^[8]

Demographics

Population

As per 2011 Census of India Sutahata CD Block had a total population of 123,784, of which 118,629 were rural and 5,155 were urban. There were 63,509 (51%) males and 60,275 (49%) females. Population below 6 years was 15,227. Scheduled Castes numbered 37,826 (30.56%) and Scheduled Tribes numbered 47 (0.04%).^[9]

As per 2001 census, Sutahata block had a total population of 106,301, out of which 54,548 were males and 51,753 were females. Sutahata block registered a population growth of 7.30 per cent during the 1991-2001 decade. Decadal growth for the combined Midnapore district was 14.87 per cent.^[10]Decadal growth in West Bengal was 17.84 per cent.^[11]

Census Town in Sutahata CD Block (2011 census figure in brackets): Barda (5,155).^[9]

Large village (with 4,000+ population) in Sutahata CD Block (2011 census figure in brackets): Hariballabhpur (4,153).^[9]

Other villages in Sutahata CD Block (2011 census figures in brackets): Chaitanyapur (3,169), Guaberia (3,896), Ashadtalia (1,656), Jaynagar (3,610).^[9]

Literacy

As per 2011 census the total number of literates in Sutahata CD Block was 92,725 (85.42% of the population over 6 years) out of which 50,465 (54%) were males and 42,260 (46%) were females.^[9]

As per 2011 census, literacy in Purba Medinipur district was 87.02%.^[12] Purba Medinipur had the highest literacy amongst all the districts of West Bengal in 2011.^[13]

See also – List of West Bengal districts ranked by literacy rate

Language and religion

Bengali is the local language in these areas.^[4]

In 2011 census Hindus numbered 89,193 and formed 72.05% of the population in Sutahata CD Block. Muslims numbered 34,386 and formed 27.78% of the population. Others numbered 205 and formed 0.17% of the population.^[14]

Rural poverty

The District Human Development Report for Purba Medinipur has provided a CD Block-wise data table for Modified Human Poverty Index of the district. Sutahata CD Block registered 29.72 on the MHPI scale. The CD Block-wise mean MHPI was estimated at 24.78. Eleven out of twentyfive CD Blocks were found to be severely deprived in respect of grand CD Block average value of MHPI (CD Blocks with lower amount of poverty are better): All the CD Blocks of Haldia and Contai subdivisions appeared backward, except Ramnagar I & II, of all the blocks of Egra subdivision only Bhagabanpur I appeared backward and in Tamluk subdivision none appeared backward.^[15]

Economy

Livelihood

In Sutahata CD Block in 2011, total workers formed 32.43% of the total population and amongst the class of total workers, cultivators formed 8.21%, agricultural labourers 40.76%, household industry workers 2.95% and other workers 48.08%.^[16]

Infrastructure

80 or 99% of mouzas in Sutahata CD Block were electrified by 31 March 2014.^[16]In 2007-08, around 40% of rural households in the district had electricity.^[17]

80 mouzas in Sutahata CD Block had drinking water facilities in 2013-14. There were 24 fertiliser depots, 10 seed stores and 18 fair price shops in the CD Block.^[16]

Agriculture

Persons engaged in agriculture
in Sutahata CD Block

  Bargadars (9.41%)

  Patta holders (9.57%)

  Small farmers (4.10%)

  Marginal farmers (29.47%)

  Agricultural labourers (47.45%)

According to the District Human Development Report of Purba Medinipur: The agricultural sector is the lifeline of a predominantly rural economy. It is largely dependent on the Low Capacity Deep Tubewells (around 50%) or High Capacity Deep Tubewells (around 27%) for irrigation, as the district does not have a good network of canals, compared to some of the neighbouring districts. In many cases the canals are drainage canals which get the backflow of river water at times of high tide or the rainy season. The average size of land holding in Purba Medinipur, in 2005-06, was 0.73 hectares against 1.01 hectares in West Bengal.^[17]

In 2013-14, the total area irrigated in Sutahata CD Block was 3,500 hectares, out of which 200 hectares were irrigated by tank water and 3,300 hectares by other means.^[16]

In 2003-04 net area sown in Sutahata CD Block was 4,830 hectares and the area in which more than one crop was grown was 4,303 hectares.^[18] Although the Bargadari Act of 1950 recognised the rights of bargadars to a higher share of crops from the land that they tilled, it was not implemented fully. Large tracts, beyond the prescribed limit of land ceiling, remained with the rich landlords. From 1977 onwards major land reforms took place in West Bengal. Land in excess of land ceiling was acquired and distributed amongst the peasants.^[19]Following land reforms land ownership pattern has undergone transformation. In 2013-14, persons engaged in agriculture in Sutahata CD Block could be classified as follows: bargadars 9.41%, patta (document) holders 9.57%, small farmers (possessing land between 1 and 2 hectares) 4.10%, marginal farmers (possessing land up to 1 hectare) 29.47% and agricultural labourers 47.45%.^[16]

In 2013-14, Sutahata CD Block produced 5,803 tonnes of Aman paddy, the main winter crop, from 4,596 hectares, 3,891 tonnes of Boro paddy, the spring crop, from 1,206 hectares and 382 tonnes of potatoes from 14 hectares. It also produced pulses.^[16]

Betelvine is a major source of livelihood in Purba Medinipur district, particularly in Tamluk and Contai subdivisions. Betelvine production in 2008-09 was the highest amongst all the districts and was around a third of the total state production. In 2008-09, Purba Mednipur produced 2,789 tonnes of cashew nuts from 3,340 hectares of land.^[17]

Pisciculture

Purba Medinipur’s net district domestic product derives one fifth of its earnings from fisheries, the highest amongst all the districts of West Bengal.^[17]The nett area available for effective pisciculture in Sutahata CD Block in 2013-14 was 473.10 hectares. 3,030 persons were engaged in the profession and approximate annual production was 18,025 quintals.^[16]

Banking

In 2013-14, Sutahata CD Block had offices of 11 commercial banks and 2 gramin banks.^[16]

Transport

Sutahata CD Block has 3 ferry services and 15 originating/ terminating bus routes.^[16] There is a ferry service across the Hooghly between Raichak in Diamond Harbour II CD Block and Kukrahati in this CD Block. The ferry service is available every 30 minutes from 6-00 am on both sides to 8-00 pm at Kukrahati and 8-40 pm at Raichak. There are regular bus services between Esplanade and Raichak and between Kukrahati and Haldia.^[20]

Howrah–Kharagpur line

to Asansol-Tatanagar-Kharagpur line Kalaikunda Nimpura Giri Maidan / to Adra-Kharagpur line Hijli / to Kharagpur-Puri line 0 Kharagpur NH 60 7 Jakpur 13 Madpur 19 Shyam Chak 24 Balichak 27 Duan 30 Radhamohanpur 35 Haur 39 Khirai Kangsabati River 44 / 12 Panskura 81 Haldia Haldia Dock Complex 79 Bandar IOC Haldia Refinery Haldia Petrochemicals 74 Durgachak Town 71 Durgachak / Tata Chemicals 66 Basulyasutahata 60 Barda 51 Mahisadal 49 Satish Samanta halt 43 Keshabpur 94 Digha 88 Tikra Talga Chhari River Ramnagar 78 Badalpur Ashapurna Devi 71 Sujalpur 69 Sitalpur 63 Kanthi 52 Nachinda 39 Henria 33 Deshapran 21 Laban Satyagraha Smarak Haldi River NH 41 10 Nandakumar 36 / 0 Tamluk 33 Saheed Matangini 28 Rajgoda 20 Raghunathbari 48 / 9 Narayan Pukuria Narail 51 / 5 Bhogpur 54 / 3 Nandaigajan 57 / 0 Mecheda Kolaghat TPS 60 Kolaghat Rupnarayan River 64 Deulti 67 Ghoraghata 70 Bagnan Damodar River 78 Kulgachia 79 Bir Shibpur 83 Uluberia 85 Phuleswar 88 Chengel 91 Bauria 95 Nalpur Ambuja Cement 97 Abada / Abada yard 99 Sankrail Delta Jute Mill Rajchandrapur to Dum Dum-Dankuni Calcutta Chord Bhattanagar to Santragachi-Amta line Bankranayabaz 103 Andul 105 Mourigram NH 117 / Kona Expressway 108 Santragachi Hindustan Industries and Engineering Paddapukur GKW Shalimar / Shalimar rail yard NH 117 / Kona Epressway 109 Ramrajatala 111 Dasnagar 112 Tikiapara to Bardhaman via Main / Chord 115 Howrah Source:Google maps, Kharagpur-Howrah Local 38606 Indiarailinfo, Howrah-Haldia Local 68689 =>38089 Indiarailinfo Santragachi-Digha EMU 78001 => 68687 Indiarailinfo

Barda and Basuliyasutahata are stations on the Panskura-Haldia line.^[21]The line was constructed in 1968^[22]and was electrified in 1974-76.^[23]

Education

In 2013-14, Sutahata CD Block had 80 primary schools with 4,241 students, 5 middle schools with 430 students, 8 high schools with 5,406 students and 13 higher secondary schools with 15,297 students. Sutahata CD Block had 1 general college with 2,198 students, 4 technical/ professional institutes with 322 students and 221 institutions for special and non-formal education with 6,935 students.^[16]

Vivekananda Mission Mahavidyalaya at PO Chaitanyapur, on the Haldia-Kukrahati Road, was established in 1968. It offers courses in arts, science and commerce.^[24]

Healthcare

In 2014, Sutahata CD Block had 1 block primary health centre, 3 primary health centres and 2 private nursing homes with total 115 beds and 6 doctors (excluding private bodies). It had 20 family welfare sub centres. 598 patients were treated indoor and 154,662 patients were treated outdoor in the hospitals, health centres and subcentres of the CD Block.^[16]

References